NOTES ON METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY     

Brooks CF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1917,45(1173):639-641

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家蚕营养(一)     

谢勤成  冉晓曾 《蚕学通讯》1985,(1)

家蚕的必须氨基酸一般都使用人工饲料缺乏技术(deletion technique)来测定,根据家蚕营养,建议将L-氨基酸分成以下5组:1)必须氨基酸(1组):精氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苯丙氨酸、亮氨酸、色氨酸及缬氨酸。  相似文献   

Influence of body condition and bovine somatotropin on estrous behavior, reproductive performance, and concentrations of serum somatotropin and plasma fatty acids in postpartum Brahman-influenced cows     

Flores R  Looper ML  Rorie RW  Lamb MA  Reiter ST  Hallford DM  Kreider DL  Rosenkrans CF 《Journal of animal science》2007,85(5):1318-1329

Ninety-nine multiparous Brahman-influenced (1/4 to 3/8 Brahman) cows were managed to achieve low (BCS = 4.3 +/- 0.1; n = 50) or moderate (BCS = 6.1 +/- 0.1; n = 49) body condition (BC) to determine the influence of bovine somatotropin (bST) on estrous characteristics, reproductive performance, and concentrations of serum GH and plasma NEFA. Beginning 32 d postpartum, cows within each BC were assigned randomly to treatment with or without bST. Non-bST-treated cows received no treatment, and treated cows were administered bST (Posilac, 500 mg s.c.) on d -35, -21, and -7 before initiation of the breeding season. On d -7, all cows received an intravaginal, controlled internal drug-releasing (CIDR) device. On d 0 (initiation of the 70-d breeding season), the CIDR were removed and cows received prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha). Blood samples were collected from the median caudal vein of the cows at each bST treatment and at d -28 and 0. Estrous behavior was monitored by radiotelemetry during the first 30 d of the breeding season. Growth hormone was increased (P < 0.05) in low and moderate BC cows treated with bST. The percentage of cows detected in estrus during the first 30 d of the breeding season was decreased (P = 0.05) for low BC (64%) compared with moderate BC (82%) cows. The interval to first estrus tended (P = 0.07) to be shorter in low BC-bST-treated cows (3.7 +/- 1.9 d) than in moderate BC-bST-treated cows (9.6 +/- 1.8 d). During the first 30 d of the breeding season, cows in low BC had a decreased (P = 0.02) number of mounts received and increased (P = 0.001) quiescence between mounts compared with cows in moderate BC. The number of mounts received was reduced (P = 0.04) in bST-treated cows. More (P = 0.02) cows treated with bST became pregnant during the first 3 d of the breeding season compared with non-bST-treated cows. The cumulative first-service conception rate tended (P = 0.07) to be greater for bST-low BC cows than non-bST-treated cows in low or moderate BC. On d 0, NEFA were greater (P < 0.05) in bST-treated vs. non-bST-treated cows. Low BC and bST reduced the intensity of behavioral estrus in postpartum Brahman-influenced cows. However, bST increased the first-service conception rate during the first 30 d of breeding and pregnancy rates during the first 3 d of breeding in postpartum Brahman-influenced cows.  相似文献   

Antiinflammatory flavonoids from Artocarpus heterophyllus and Artocarpus communis     

Wei BL  Weng JR  Chiu PH  Hung CF  Wang JP  Lin CN 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(10):3867-3871

The antiinflammatory activities of the isolated flavonoids, including cycloartomunin (1), cyclomorusin (2), dihydrocycloartomunin (3), dihydroisocycloartomunin (4), cudraflavone A (5), cyclocommunin (6), and artomunoxanthone (7), and cycloheterohyllin (8), artonins A (9) and B (10), artocarpanone (11), artocarpanone A (12), and heteroflavanones A (13), B (14), and C (15) from Artocarpus communis and A. heterophyllus, were assessed in vitro by determining their inhibitory effects on the chemical mediators released from mast cells, neutrophils, and macrophages. Compound 4 significantly inhibited the release of beta-glucuronidase and histamine from rat peritoneal mast cells stimulated with P-methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine (compound 48/80). Compound 11 significantly inhibited the release of lysozyme from rat neutrophils stimulated with formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP). Compounds 8, 10, and 11 significantly inhibited superoxide anion formation in fMLP-stimulated rat neutrophils while compounds 2, 3, 5, and 6 evoked the stimulation of superoxide anion generation. Compound 11 exhibited significant inhibitory effect on NO production and iNOS protein expression in RAW 264.7 cells. The potent inhibitory effect of compound 11 on NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages, probably through the suppression of iNOS protein expression.  相似文献   

Chain-breaking antioxidant activity and cyclic voltammetry characterization of polyphenols in a range of green,oolong, and black teas     

Roginsky V  Barsukova T  Hsu CF  Kilmartin PA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(19):5798-5802

A series of eight green, eight oolong, and 17 black teas have been analyzed for polyphenol content by absorbance at 272 nm and cyclic voltammetry response at an inert carbon electrode, a new method developed to provide a rapid measure of easily oxidizable polyphenols in beverages. The chain-breaking antioxidant activity of the teas has also been determined during the chain oxidation of methyl linoleate in a pH 7.4 micellar solution, for which realistic kinetic parameters have been derived. While higher mean values were obtained for green teas than for oolong and black teas, the differences were not large, and the spread of values within each type was considerable. The absorbance at 272 nm correlated well with the cyclic voltammetry response only for green teas and black teas taken on their own. The cyclic voltammetry measure and the antioxidant activity correlated well only for the green teas, where the polyphenol content is dominated by epigallocatechin gallate.  相似文献   

Elemental and redox analysis of single bacterial cells by x-ray microbeam analysis     

Kemner KM  Kelly SD  Lai B  Maser J  O'loughlin EJ  Sholto-Douglas D  Cai Z  Schneegurt MA  Kulpa CF  Nealson KH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5696):686-687

High-energy x-ray fluorescence measurements were used to make elemental maps and qualitative chemical analyses of individual Pseudomonas fluorescens strain NCIMB 11764 cells. Marked differences between planktonic and adhered cells were seen in the morphology, elemental composition, and sensitivity to Cr(VI) of hydrated cells at spatial scales of 150 nm. This technology can be applied to natural geomicrobiological systems.  相似文献   

THE CULTIVATION OF ENDAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA     

Craig CF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1926,64(1660):406-407

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THE SYNTHESIS OF A POLYSACCHARIDE FROM GLUCOSE-1-PHOSPHATE IN MUSCLE EXTRACT     

Cori CF  Schmidt G  Cori GT 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1939,89(2316):464-465

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AURORAL DISPLAYS     

Brooks CF  Ehrenfeld F  Conrad WA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1919,50(1286):185-187

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MAGNITUDE AND ENERGY OF EARTHQUAKES     

Gutenberg B  Richter CF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1936,83(2147):183-185

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