Comparison between radiography and computed tomography for diagnosis of equine skull fractures     

C. P. Crijns  R. Weller  L. Vlaminck  F. Verschooten  S. Schauvliege  S. E. Powell  H. J. J. van Bree  I. M. V. L. Gielen 《Equine Veterinary Education》2019,31(10):543-550

The equine head is a complex structure prone to traumatic injuries. To determine the value and limitations of radiography and (CT) for the diagnosis of skull fracture, the differences between the two modalities were described. Two observers retrospectively reviewed the radiographic and CT images of 18 horses with a skull fracture. To allow direct comparison between the two modalities, a simplified fracture classification system was used. In 3/18 cases the evaluation of the radiographic examination concluded no injuries visible. In 2/15 cases soft tissue involvement was not detected and in 7/15 cases the extension of the fracture was underestimated with radiography. Radiography classified 4/10 multiple fractures incorrectly as single fracture and 5/15 comminuted fractures on CT were diagnosed as simple fracture with radiography. The number of fragments was underestimated with radiography in 14/15 cases. In conclusion, radiography is able to diagnose a skull fracture in most cases. Skull fractures however are not similarly classified after radiographic and CT evaluation, which causes a difference in interpretation and perception of the fractures. Therefore, CT should be the modality of choice for surgical planning and prognosis.  相似文献   

Computed tomography of nuchal ligament and semispinalis capitis tendon avulsions in a foal          下载免费PDF全文

M. T. Swarbrick  S. E. Powell  E. F. Haggett 《Equine Veterinary Education》2018,30(2):70-75

Head trauma is a common injury in young horses. This case report describes a 10‐week‐old Thoroughbred foal with an open wound following trauma to the poll region, showing abnormal head carriage and depression. A computed tomography (CT) study was performed under general anaesthetic (GA). This identified a complete avulsion of the nuchal ligament (NL) and partial avulsions of the left and right semispinalis capitis (SS) tendons. Following diagnosis and conservative treatment the foal made a good recovery and 18 months later the filly had no detectable neurological or physical abnormalities. Computed tomography enabled an accurate and rapid diagnosis of a novel injury.  相似文献   

Heat Shock Protein Regulation in Rainbow Trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss,is Altered by Dietary Soybean Meal Inclusion and Anti‐Phopholipase A2 Antibody     

Frederic T. Barrows  Charles E. Smith  Jurij M. Wacyk  Madison S. Powell  Ronald W. Hardy  Eric A. Shelden 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(5):655-668

Heat shock proteins (Hsps) can promote integrity of damaged intestinal epithelial tissues. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a commercially available anti‐phospholipase A₂ antibody on growth, feed efficiency, Hsp expression, and intestinal health of rainbow trout fed diets containing high levels of soybean meal (SBM). Six practical‐type diets (45% protein; 15% fat) were formulated to contain 0, 17.5, or 35% SBM with and without antibody. Each diet was fed to three replicate tanks of fish (20 fish/tank; initial weight 21 g) for 9 wk. RNA was isolated from liver and intestinal tissues (n = 3/tank) to detect alterations in Hsp 27, Hsp 70, and Hsp 90 expression. Fish fed a diet containing 35% SBM had decreased growth and intestinal damage. Hsp 27 and Hsp 90 mRNA was elevated in fish fed 35% SBM. Fish fed 35% SBM with antibody had lower Hsp 90 mRNA expression than fish without antibody. These data indicate that feeding rainbow trout high levels of SBM alters the expression of some Hsps and anti‐phospholipase A₂ antibody supplementation does not normalize growth or prevent distal enteritis in fish fed 35% SBM.  相似文献   

North Atlantic right whales: 2017–present     

Ashley L. Powell 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2021,62(7):765

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Dietary Intake of Purple Corn Extract Reduces Fat Body Content and Improves Antioxidant Capacity and n‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Profile in Plasma of Rainbow Trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss          下载免费PDF全文

Alejandro Villasante  Biswamitra Patro  Boon Chew  Michael Becerra  Jurij Wacyk  Ken Overturf  Madison S. Powell  Ronald W. Hardy 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2015,46(4):381-394

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Spring home ranges of white bass in irrigation reservoirs of the Republican River Basin, Nebraska     

D. R. Martin  L. A. Powell  K. L. Pope 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2009,18(4):514-519

Abstract –  Fishery biologists have documented small home ranges, relative to available habitat, for many littoral freshwater fishes. Home ranges for pelagic species, such as white bass Morone chrysops , are generally not well described, yet are thought to be large. We studied white bass movement using acoustic telemetry in two irrigation reservoirs of the Republican River basin in south-western Nebraska. Acoustic transmitters were implanted in fall of the previous year and tracking occurred a minimum of once per week throughout spring (mid-March to May) 2007 and 2008. Linear home ranges were calculated from observed locations of individual fish. Twelve of the twenty-seven tagged fish with at least five locations exhibited localised home ranges throughout the spring whereas the remaining fish exhibited home ranges extending across large portions of each reservoir. Home range size was not correlated with fish size or condition.  相似文献   

The Effect of Vitamins on Weight Gain and Organ Production in the Sea Urchin,Lytechinus variegatus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)     

Warren T. Jones  Hugh S. Hammer  Mickie L. Powell  Victoria K. Gibbs  John M. Lawrence  Addison L. Lawrence  Stephen A. Watts 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2012,43(1):39-50

We investigated the requirements for a commercial vitamin premix in diets of Lytechinus variegatus. Small L. variegatus (ca. 28 mm diameter) were collected from Saint Joseph Bay, Florida, and acclimated to laboratory conditions (32 ppt salinity, 22 C, 12:12 photoperiod) for 3 wk, then placed individually into plastic mesh cages (n = 16 per treatment). Sixteen urchins were dissected to obtain initial weights of organs (gut, gonad, test). Each treatment was fed one of five semipurified diets supplemented with levels of a commercial shrimp vitamin premix ranging from 0 to 0.9% dry weight. At 4‐wk intervals, wet weights and test diameters were measured. At 16 wk, urchins were dissected and organs weighed. Significant weight gain and 100% survival was observed with all diets. At 16 wk, urchins fed 0% vitamin premix exhibited no noticeable pathology but had significantly less weight gain than those fed the 0.6% vitamin premix. Those fed the 0.6% vitamin premix had significantly greater weight gain than all other diets (P < 0.0001). Gonad weights increased in all treatments, but did not vary significantly. Under the conditions of this study, L. variegatusexhibited a satisfactory nutritional response. Experiments are planned to determine specific dietary vitamin requirements for L. variegatus.  相似文献   

Fire blight resistance in Pyrus: localization of arbutin and beta-glucosidase     

D C Hildebrand  C C Powell  M N Schroth 《Phytopathology》1969,59(10):1534-1539

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Retrospective evaluation of the incidence of presumed feline urethral obstruction during a prepandemic year compared to a pandemic year     

Jessica B. Kerley VMD  Kelly M. Tart DVM  DACVECC  Aaron Rendahl PhD  Lisa L. Powell DVM  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2023,33(5):624-627

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Aspen canopy removal and root trenching effects on understory vegetation     

George W. Powell  Edward W. Bork   《Forest Ecology and Management》2006,230(1-3):79-90

Effects of aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) canopy removal and root trenching on understory vegetation were examined at Parkland and Boreal sites in Alberta, Canada to provide a better understanding of the ecological basis of agroforestry systems suitable for north temperate and boreal areas. The greatest changes in understory production (ANPP) were in response to canopy removal with less consistent changes from reduction of root effects. Root trenching did not influence ANPP at the parkland site, but did at the boreal site where it interacted with canopy removal. During severe drought, ANPP under a full canopy at the parkland site increased and may relate to paradoxical understory resource increases during drought. At the parkland site there was a shift away from forb and shrub production under a full canopy towards a greater proportion of graminoids with complete or partial canopy removal. At the boreal site, partial canopy removal resulted in more shrubs and greater production from graminoid species relative to complete overstory removal but only with root trenching using a barrier. Trends in the relative yields of understory species and the cover of plant groups generally followed the patterns observed in ANPP. Leaf litter decreased with the level of canopy removal and may have factored in greater moisture conservation under aspen. Understory production gains with a partial canopy may be attributed to favourable microclimatic conditions of a closed forest retained by the partial aspen cover, while simultaneously increasing PAR penetration. Soil resources were important to ANPP and cover, particularly among forbs, however, when root trenching was significant, it generally coincided with increases in PAR.  相似文献