Seroepidemiology and genotyping of hepatitis E virus in Singapore reveal rise in number of cases and similarity of human strains to those detected in pig livers     

Chui Ching Wong  Su Ming Thean  Youming Ng  Joanne Su Lin Kang  Tong Yong Ng  Man Ling Chau  Tse Hsien Koh  Kwai Peng Chan 《Zoonoses and public health》2019,66(7):773-782

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes 20 million infections worldwide yearly, of which only about 3.3 million are symptomatic. In developed Asian countries, HEV strains detected in human sera and in food sources were genetically similar, suggesting that indigenous HEV infections may be largely food‐borne. To assess the burden of hepatitis E in Singapore, we performed a seroepidemiologic study of the infection. Additionally, we carried out HEV genotyping on archived, residual HEV IgM‐positive serum samples collected between 2014 and 2016 (n = 449), and on pig liver samples (n = 36) purchased from wet markets and supermarkets. Our study shows a rise in hepatitis E incidence (IgM) from 1.7 to 4.1 cases per 100,000 resident population from 2012 to 2016 and an increase in hepatitis E IgG positivity rate among residents from 14% in 2007 to 35% in 2016. Other findings also suggest the epidemiology of hepatitis E in Singapore has shifted, from it being mainly a disease imported from the Indian subcontinent, to one that is now increasingly prevalent in our resident population. Genotypes obtained from 143 human samples identified the majority to be genotype 3 (n = 121), 21 to be genotype 1 and one to be genotype 4. Further phylogenetic analyses suggest genotype 3a to be the cause of indigenous infections in residents, which showed genetic similarity to the genotype 3a strains detected in pig livers. This link between the strains in the majority of human samples and those in pig livers consumed by the public suggests a possible food‐borne route of HEV infection in Singapore.  相似文献   

不同遗传背景的甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色遗传初步研究   总被引：28，自引：1，他引：27  

李加纳  张学昆  谌利  王瑞  崔翠 《中国油料作物学报》1998,(4)

以７种不同来源的甘蓝型黄籽油菜品系为材料,采用完全双列杂交试验和与中油８２１测交的方法,分析了粒色的遗传规律。初步结果显示：不同来源的甘蓝型黄籽油菜品系带有不同的粒色基因,有些为等位基因,有些属非等位基因。粒色遗传以加性效应为主,显性和上位性效应也很明显。  相似文献   

不同密度行距对大豆新品种山宁17主要农艺性状及产量的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵云  赵恩海  付贵阳  杨旭  黄新阳  李素真  李继存 《大豆科技》2018,(3):13-16

文章研究了山宁17的不同密度、行距对产量的影响。试验结果表明,不同行距、密度对山宁17产量有明显影响,产量由高至低的顺序为行距30cm40cm50cm;密度对产量的影响不规律,产量由高至低的顺序密度为:1.4万株/667m~21.6万株/667m~20.8万株/667m~21.2万株/667m~21.0万株/667m~2;大豆新品种山宁17在行距较小时应适当降低密度,行距较大时适当增加密度。  相似文献   

热力管道小漏温度场特征标定研究     

黄冬冬  李素贞  赵冰玉 《保鲜与加工》2016,(2):97-103

泄漏特别是小漏预警对热力管道的安全维护具有重要意义。受空间分辨率的影响,分布式光纤传感器对小漏引起的局部温度变化测试精度较低,测量温度与实际温度差异较大。以布里渊光时域反射仪(BOTDR)作为测量手段,提出了一种建立分布式光纤测量温度与实际温度之间对应关系的方法。设计完成了小漏温度场模拟测量实验,通过高斯拟合对测量数据进行特征提取,再用人工神经网络建立测量温度与实际温度的映射模型。结果表明:设计的实验方案可获得代表管道小漏温度分布的先验数据,基于此训练的人工神经网络可确立实际温度场与BOTDR测量温度场的对应关系,提高了光纤测试精度并为泄漏预警策略的制定提供了依据。  相似文献   

轻便型高地隙喷杆喷雾机大豆田间施药试验   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张铁  董祥  尹素珍  杨学军  严荷荣  巩琼 《农业机械学报》2016,47(S1):182-188

针对大豆作物生长中后期施药难、施药效果差的问题,设计了一种轮距1600～1750mm可调、地隙800mm、轴距2000mm、喷幅8000mm、具有风幕辅助喷雾系统的轻便型高地隙喷杆喷雾机,并进行了田间施药试验。试验结果表明：在作业速度4km/h时,通过提高喷雾压力可使大豆冠层叶片正面的雾滴覆盖率在上层提高19.0个百分点,中层提高17.0个百分点,下层增加不到5个百分点;叶片背面的雾滴覆盖率在上层提高5.5个百分点,中层提高2.3个百分点,下层增加不足1.0个百分点。通过更换喷嘴而提高雾滴的喷施量可以使大豆冠层叶片正面的雾滴覆盖率在上层提高210个百分点、中层提高26.0个百分点,下层提高10.0个百分点;叶片背面的雾滴覆盖率在上层提高5.0个百分点,中层提高1.0个百分点,下层无显著影响。当风幕出口风速为11.5m/s时,风幕系统能够使大豆冠层中部叶片正面雾滴覆盖率提高26.8个百分点,下部提高22.0个百分点,对大豆冠层上部叶片背面雾滴覆盖率提高23.1个百分点,中部提高18.1个百分点,下部提高8.4个百分点;风幕式施药技术能够有效提高雾滴在大豆冠层中的穿透性和分布均匀性,增加雾滴在植株各冠层叶片背面的附着率,但雾滴的地面流失率相对不使用风幕有所增加。  相似文献   

短梗大参扦插繁殖技术研究   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

梁文斌聂东伶  吴思政柏文富 沈素贞 《中国农学通报》2014,30(10):46-51

建立短梗大参扦插繁殖技术,为其苗木的规模化生产及推广应用提供技术支持。采用常规扦插方法,以短梗大参为试验材料,研究插穗类型、扦插基质、不同种类及浓度的生长调节剂对短梗大参扦插生根的影响。不同插穗类型对短梗大参扦插生根的影响显著(P＜0.05),3年生硬枝的生根效果明显优于1年生嫩枝。不同基质的生根效果差异显著(P＜0.05),其中黄心土和椰糠生根效果较好,河沙、谷壳灰次之,珍珠岩生根效果差。不同植物生长调节剂及浓度对短梗大参扦插生根有明显的影响(P＜0.05),其中以2000 mg/LIBA处理的插穗生根效果最佳,生根率达98.8%,平均根数为93.75,平均根长为4.23 cm,根系效果指数高达409.18,与对照相比,其生根数量和根系效果指数分别提高了3.54倍和4.35倍。不同生长调节剂混合使用不利于短梗大参的扦插生根。短梗大参合适的扦插条件为：扦插基质为黄心土,插穗为3年生硬枝,速蘸2000 mg/L IBA溶液处理。生产上不宜采用生长调节剂混合使用。  相似文献   

Interference of allelopathic rice with penoxsulam‐resistant barnyardgrass          下载免费PDF全文

Xue‐Fang Yang  Chui‐Hua Kong  Xia Yang  Yong‐Feng Li 《Pest management science》2017,73(11):2310-2317

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Comparative study on measurement of elastic constants of wood-based panels using modal testing: choice of boundary conditions and calculation methods   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jianhui Zhou  Ying Hei Chui  Meng Gong  Lin Hu 《Journal of Wood Science》2017,63(5):523-538

Modal testing based on the theory of transverse vibration of orthotropic plate has shown great potentials in measuring elastic constants of panel products. Boundary condition (BC) and corresponding calculation method are key in affecting its practical application in terms of setup implementation, frequency identification, accuracy and calculation efforts. To evaluate different BCs for non-destructive testing of wood-based panels, three BCs with corresponding calculation methods were investigated for measuring their elastic constants, namely in-plane elastic moduli (E _x , E _y ) and shear modulus (G _xy ). As a demonstration of the concept, the products used in this study were oriented strand board (OSB) and medium density fiberboard (MDF). The BCs and corresponding calculated methods investigated were, (a) all sides free (FFFF) with one-term Rayleigh frequency equation and finite element modeling, (b) one side simply supported and the other three free (SFFF) with one-term Rayleigh frequency equation, (c) a pair of opposite sides along minor strength direction simply supported and the other pair along major strength direction free (SFSF) with improved three-term Rayleigh frequency equation. Differences between modal and static results for different BCs were analyzed for each case. Results showed that all three modal testing approaches could be applied for evaluation of the elastic constants of wood-based panels with different accuracy levels compared with standard static test methods. Modal testing on full-size panels is recommended for developing design properties of structural panels as it can provide global properties.  相似文献   

Allelochemical tricin in rice hull and its aurone isomer against rice seedling rot disease     

Chui‐Hua Kong  Xiao‐Hua Xu    Min Zhang  Song‐Zhu Zhang 《Pest management science》2010,66(9):1018-1024

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QTL identification of kernel composition traits with popcorn using both F_2:3 and BC₂F₂ populations developed from the same cross     

Liu Yanyang  Dong Yongbin  Niu Suzhen  Cui Dangqun  Wang Yanzhao  Wei Mengguan  Li Xuehui  Fu Jiafeng  Zhang Zhongwei  Chen Huanqing  Li Yuling   《Journal of Cereal Science》2008,48(3):625-631

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing three main kernel composition traits, starch, protein and oil concentrations, in unselected F_2:3 and selected BC₂F₂ maize populations derived from the same cross of a dent corn inbred Dan232 × an elite popcorn inbred N04 under the same conditions were detected. Four and two QTL for starch, four and three QTL for protein, and four and one QTL for oil were detected in the two populations, respectively, with three QTL jointly detected. The proportion of phenotypic variation explained by a single QTL was 5.2–10.6%, 5.0–14.3%, and 6.2–8.5% for the three traits. Ten QTL had favorable alleles contributed by Dan232. Several QTL detected in this study had identical or similar chromosome regions to those previously identified with other maize germplasms. No QTL with opposite effects for kernel composition traits and popping characteristics were detected in the same or near marker intervals. This reflected that some QTL detected in this study seemed to contribute to trait variation in a diverse array of maize populations and environments, and the opportunity existed for improving popcorn's nutritional quality while maintaining acceptable popping characteristics. Inconsistent broad sense heritability and trait correlation estimates were also observed in the two populations.  相似文献