Inheritance and linkage relations of reaction to Xanthomonas phaseoli (E. F. Smith) Dowson (common blight), stage of plant development and plant habit in Phaseolus vulgaris L.     

Dermot P. Coyne  M. L. Schuster 《Euphytica》1974,23(2):195-204

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Response of drought tolerant maize inbreds to water stress under nematode infested conditions     

Frank Kagoda  Sarah Hearne  Omowumi Adewuyi  Daniel L. Coyne 《Euphytica》2015,206(1):77-87

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Duration of immunity in cats after vaccination or naturally acquired infection.     

M J Coyne  J H Burr  T D Yule  M J Harding  D B Tresnan  D McGavin 《The Veterinary record》2001,149(18):545-548

The necessity for cats to be vaccinated annually against common pathogens has been questioned because sarcomas have infrequently been reported at the injection site. However, with few exceptions, the duration of immunity induced by vaccination or infection is uncertain, and there may therefore be a risk associated with a decision not to revaccinate. This article reviews the information available about the duration of immunity induced by vaccination or infection in cats, and reveals many shortcomings that make blanket recommendations impossible. Each vaccine must be considered individually.  相似文献   

Distinguishing among Pisum accessions using a hypervariable intron within Mendel’s green/yellow cotyledon gene     

Weeden  Norman F.  Coyne  Clarice J.  Lavin  Matthew  McPhee  Kevin 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2021,68(6):2591-2609

Distinguishing among commercial varieties or accessions in a germplasm repository presents considerable challenges when dealing with common crops or large collections. In the genus Pisum L. the third intron of the gene STAYGREEN (SGR), responsible for the green/yellow cotyledon variation, contains a complex of repeat sequences that display considerable indel and single nucleotide (SNP) polymorphism. In a sample of 137 Pisum L. accessions obtained from various germplasm collections 76 alleles were identified, ranging from about 600 to 1500 nucleotides in length. In most cases alleles differed by insertion/deletion (indel) polymorphisms in addition to single base changes. The amplicon was particularly useful for distinguishing wild accessions (those with dehiscent pods and dormant seeds). Among the 51 P. sativum L. accessions examined with a definite wild phenotype there were 44 SGR alleles. When this allelic variation was combined with location data for the wild accessions, each allele could be assigned a unique geographical location. Similarly, of the 10 P. fulvum Sibth. & Sm. accessions analyzed, only a group of three had the same allele, two of which are known to be replicates. We were able to confirm the identities of several P. sativum accessions from different germplasm collections, as well as identifying two cases where supposedly synonymous accessions gave different intron sequences. In addition, a group of wild pea accessions from Greece, Sicily, and Portugal exhibited a unique repeat sequence not found in any other wild accession, suggesting that these accessions constitute a distinct lineage. The rate of nucleotide site variation in this fragment of the SGR locus was found to be about 2.22 × 10^–8 substitutions per site per year. This value is similar to those found for many other sequences in herbaceous papilionoid tribes, although it is at the faster end of the distribution of herbaceous legume substitution rates. We propose that both a fast substitution rate as well as the formation and rearrangement of indels have contributed to the high level of variation we detected at SGR. This PCR product should prove valuable in the identification of Pisum accessions, for quality control operations in germplasm repositories, and for exploring the evolutionary relationships within the genus.

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Target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) for assessing genetic diversity and marker-trait associations in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm     

Yogesh Kumar  Soon Jae Kwon  Clarice J. Coyne  Jinguo Hu  Michael A. Grusak  Theodore J. Kisha  Rebecca J. McGee  Ashutosh Sarker 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2014,61(5):965-977

The effective utilization of crop diversity held in genebanks depends on our knowledge of useful traits and available markers associated with the target traits. Target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) was used to evaluate the genetic diversity and underlying relationships among 263 accessions of chickpea landraces maintained by the USDA-ARS Western Regional Plant Introduction Station in Pullman, WA, USA. Two-hundred sixty-two TRAP markers were amplified by eight primer combinations. Altogether, 110 (42 %) markers were polymorphic, the other 152 (58 %) displayed no variation. These polymorphic markers revealed important differences among the accessions, with an estimated, mean pair-wise genetic distance of 25.82 %, ranging from 2.8 to 50.0 %. Genetic distance analysis divided the accessions into two major groups, with 113 and 150 accessions each, and substantial association between molecular diversity and geographic origin was evident. Bayesian analysis of population structure revealed two groups (K = 2) with evidence for six sub-groups. Additionally, the population structure of a subset of 110 lines was determined (K = 3) for testing marker-trait associations (MTAs). Phenotypic traits included the concentrations of protein and nine mineral elements in the seeds. Two MTAs were significant (p < 0.01) for concentrations of Ca and K, and three MTAs were significant for Cu and Ni concentrations. The results indicate that this population is useful for genome-wide association studies on other economic traits given the level of genetic diversity uncovered and the marker-trait associations in seed minerals discovered.  相似文献   

Examining evidence of reproductive isolation in sockeye salmon     

Howard DJ  Marshall JL  Braswell WE  Coyne JA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,291(5510):1853

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Applying MAR Analysis to Identify Human and Non-Human Fecal Sources in Small Kentucky Watersheds     

S. A. Ritchey  M. S. Coyne 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2009,196(1-4):115-125

The recurrence of reports citing water quality impairments in watersheds is evidence that tools are needed to identify pollution sources and facilitate restoration efforts such as implementing total maximum daily limits (TMDLs) or best management practices (BMPs). Fecal bacteria in surface waters are one of the most commonly cited impairments to water quality. This study evaluated microbial source tracking (MST), specifically multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) analysis, as a management tool to differentiate nonpoint source pollution into source groups. A library containing Escherichia coli (E. coli, EC) and fecal streptococci (FS) isolates from poultry (EC n?=?282, FS n?=?650), human (EC n?=?152, FS n?=?240), wildlife (EC n?=?17, FS n?=?43), horse (EC n?=?79, FS n?=?82), dairy cattle (EC n?=?38, FS n?=?42), and beef cattle (EC n?=?49, FS n?=?46) sources was created. The MAR analysis was conducted on the isolates using a profile of seven antibiotics. The antibiotic signatures of unknown source isolates from Elkhorn and Hickman Creek watersheds were evaluated against the library to determine the contributions of potential fecal inputs from the respective sources. Correct classification was >60% when analyzed at the human and non-human-level of classification. On a watershed basis, both watersheds produced similar results; inputs from non-human sources were the greatest contributors to nonpoint source pollution. The results from the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) analysis revealed that the information produced, coupled with knowledge of the watershed and its associated land uses, would be helpful in allocating resources to remediate impaired water quality in such watersheds.  相似文献   

Marine Benthic Diatoms Contain Compounds Able to Induce Leukemia Cell Death and Modulate Blood Platelet Activity     

Siv Kristin Prestegard  Linn Oftedal  Rosie Theresa Coyne  Gyrid Nygaard  Kaja Helvik Skj?rven  Gjert Knutsen  Stein Ove D?skeland  Lars Herfindal 《Marine drugs》2009,7(4):605-623

In spite of the high abundance and species diversity of diatoms, only a few bioactive compounds from them have been described. The present study reveals a high number of mammalian cell death inducing substances in biofilm-associated diatoms sampled from the intertidal zone. Extracts from the genera Melosira, Amphora, Phaeodactylum and Nitzschia were all found to induce leukemia cell death, with either classical apoptotic or autophagic features. Several extracts also contained inhibitors of thrombin-induced blood platelet activation. Some of this activity was caused by a high content of adenosine in the diatoms, ranging from 0.07 to 0.31 μg/mg dry weight. However, most of the bioactivity was adenosine deaminase-resistant. An adenosine deaminase-resistant active fraction from one of the extracts was partially purified and shown to induce apoptosis with a distinct phenotype. The results show that benthic diatoms typically found in the intertidal zone may represent a richer source of interesting bioactive compounds than hitherto recognized.  相似文献   

Agricultural nematology in East and Southern Africa: problems,management strategies and stakeholder linkages          下载免费PDF全文

Herbert Talwana  Zibusiso Sibanda  Waceke Wanjohi  Wangai Kimenju  Nessie Luambano‐Nyoni  Cornel Massawe  Rosa H Manzanilla‐López  Keith G Davies  David J Hunt  Richard A Sikora  Danny L Coyne  Simon R Gowen  Brian R Kerry 《Pest management science》2016,72(2):226-245

By 2050, Africa's population is projected to exceed 2 billion. Africa will have to increase food production more than 50% in the coming 50 years to meet the nutritional requirements of its growing population. Nowhere is the need to increase agricultural productivity more pertinent than in much of Sub‐Saharan Africa, where it is currently static or declining. Optimal pest management will be essential, because intensification of any system creates heightened selection pressures for pests. Plant‐parasitic nematodes and their damage potential are intertwined with intensified systems and can be an indicator of unsustainable practices. As soil pests, nematodes are commonly overlooked or misdiagnosed, particularly where appropriate expertise and knowledge transfer systems are meager or inadequately funded. Nematode damage to roots results in less efficient root systems that are less able to access nutrients and water, which can produce symptoms typical of water or nutrient deficiency, leading to misdiagnosis of the underlying cause. Damage in subsistence agriculture is exacerbated by growing crops on degraded soils and in areas of low water retention where strong root growth is vital. This review focuses on the current knowledge of economically important nematode pests affecting key crops, nematode control methods and the research and development needs for sustainable management, stakeholder involvement and capacity building in the context of crop security in East and Southern Africa, especially Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Zimbabwe. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Boiling water treatment: A simple,rapid and effective technique for nematode and banana weevil management in banana and plantain (Musa spp.) planting material     

Daniel Coyne  Arthur Wasukira  Jolly Dusabe  Idowu Rotifa  Thomas Dubois 《Crop Protection》2010

We studied the effect of treating banana and plantain (Musa spp.) suckers using boiling water for the generation of healthy planting material. Small, medium and large-sized suckers of two East African highland bananas (cvs. Mbwazirume, Kibuzi, AAA-EA) and one of plantain (cv. Agbagba, AAB) were dipped in boiling water for 10, 20 or 30 s after root removal and corm (sucker) paring. Treatments were compared with a conventional farmer method (control), which was not pared or treated with boiling water, and also with pared only. At three months after treatment, germination, plant height and girth of plants were similar within sucker size and between treatments for each cultivar. Root health was improved by boiling water treatment for all cultivars compared to untreated controls. Boiling water treatment of suckers reduced combined nematode densities of Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Radopholus similis and Meloidogyne spp. to 0.7% of farmer controls. Boiling water-treated suckers had less banana weevil damage than controls. Treatment of pared suckers for at least 20 s and up to 30 s was highly efficient for disinfesting banana and plantain planting material. This modification of the hot water treatment is a practical adaptation, suitable for smallholder growers to improve the quality of banana and plantain planting material in smallholder farms.  相似文献