Highly conserved protective epitopes on influenza B viruses   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C Dreyfus  NS Laursen  T Kwaks  D Zuijdgeest  R Khayat  DC Ekiert  JH Lee  Z Metlagel  MV Bujny  M Jongeneelen  R van der Vlugt  M Lamrani  HJ Korse  E Geelen  Ö Sahin  M Sieuwerts  JP Brakenhoff  R Vogels  OT Li  LL Poon  M Peiris  W Koudstaal  AB Ward  IA Wilson  J Goudsmit  RH Friesen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6100):1343-1348

Identification of broadly neutralizing antibodies against influenza A viruses has raised hopes for the development of monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy and "universal" vaccines for influenza. However, a substantial part of the annual flu burden is caused by two cocirculating, antigenically distinct lineages of influenza B viruses. Here, we report human monoclonal antibodies, CR8033, CR8071, and CR9114, that protect mice against lethal challenge from both lineages. Antibodies CR8033 and CR8071 recognize distinct conserved epitopes in the head region of the influenza B hemagglutinin (HA), whereas CR9114 binds a conserved epitope in the HA stem and protects against lethal challenge with influenza A and B viruses. These antibodies may inform on development of monoclonal antibody-based treatments and a universal flu vaccine for all influenza A and B viruses.  相似文献   

Theileria orientalis MPSP types in Australian cattle herds associated with outbreaks of clinical disease and their association with clinical pathology findings     

Graeme J. Eamens  Jocelyn R. Gonsalves  Cheryl Jenkins  Damian Collins  Graham Bailey 《Veterinary parasitology》2013,191(3-4):209-217

Between September 2010 and November 2011, 350 EDTA blood samples were received from 73 Australian cattle herds, as cases suspected to be infected with Theileria orientalis. Beef cattle were predominantly affected, with Angus and Angus-crossbred cattle representing 48% of smear positive samples examined. DNA extracts were tested in conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for genes encoding the p32, Ikeda, Chitose and Buffeli major piroplasm surface proteins (MPSP). PCR findings were compared with results of clinical pathology examinations of stained blood smears for parasitaemia and packed cell volume (PCV). PCR testing was much more sensitive than clinical pathology examinations in detecting T. orientalis infections, and concurrent testing of neat and diluted extracts gave significantly more PCR positive results than testing of neat extract alone. Significant associations and correlations were shown between PCR results of p32 and Ikeda assays with PCV levels indicative of anaemia, and with the level of parasitaemia estimated by smears. A high proportion of samples had concurrent Ikeda and Chitose infection, and significantly more clinical cases of theileriosis were associated with the Ikeda MPSP type as the sole infection, compared with sole infection with types Chitose or Buffeli. The findings indicate Ikeda type organisms were significantly associated with clinical parameters of theileriosis in cattle herds in eastern Australia, and that this type is most likely to be responsible for outbreaks of theileriosis experienced in affected Australian herds. In New South Wales, 11 of 14 regulatory districts yielded Ikeda positive samples, with five (Mid-Coast, Cumberland, Central North, Hume and Lachlan) containing 234/307 (76%) of the Ikeda positive samples.  相似文献   

The effect of photoperiod on selected parameters of boar semen     

Damian Knecht  Sebastian Środoń  Karolina Szulc  Kamil Duziński 《Livestock Science》2013,157(1):364-371

The objective of the present research was to determine the effect of increasing and decreasing natural photoperiods on selected parameters of boar ejaculates. The study material consisted of 17 boars: six Polish Large White (PLW) breed, five Polish Landrace (PL) breed, and six Duroc×Pietrain (D×P) crossbreed, all aged between 8 and 12 months at the beginning of the research. Analyses were conducted on 612 ejaculates, which were collected in two experimental periods: an increasing photoperiod (IP) (January–June) and a decreasing photoperiod (DP) (July–December). A statistically proven impact of photoperiod on the volume of semen was observed in all the studied breeds (P=0.004). During the decreasing photoperiod the mean volume of semen was 261.16±75.20 ml and this was almost 17 ml higher than that for the increasing period. For boars involved in the experiment, day length also had a significant impact on the total number of motile spermatozoa (P=0.037). In the increasing photoperiod the mean number was 3.26×10⁹ lower. A decreasing photoperiod has a positive affect on both boars and the parameters of the collected ejaculates, which were observed in the higher number of insemination doses per ejaculate. Between the different breeds, the reactions of boars to photoperiod differed and the most significant influence of photoperiod on semen parameters was noted among D×P breed boars. Least susceptible to changes in day length were PLW breed boars.  相似文献   

Mobilization of Cu and Pb from multi-metal contaminated soils by dissolved humic substances extracted from leonardite and factors affecting the process     

Damian  Gianina Elena  Micle  Valer  Sur  Ioana Monica 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2019,19(7):2869-2881

Journal of Soils and Sediments - The aim of the research was to determine the potential of dissolved humic substances extracted from leonardite to mobilize Cu and Pb from multi-metal contaminated...  相似文献   

Principles and Practice of Managing Soilborne Plant Pathogens. Edited by Robert Hall.     

Damian P. Donnelly 《Integrated Pest Management Reviews》1999,4(1):75-77

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Coating Cellulosic Materials with Graphene for Selective Absorption of Oils and Organic Solvents from Water     

Damian Łukawski  Filip Lisiecki  Alina Dudkowiak 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(3):524-530

Development of efficient and eco-friendly sorbents used for selective oil removal after oil spill disasters is one of the main topics in environmental science. By using various cellulosic materials coated with graphene flakes, using simple, one-step dip-coating method, it was possible to manufacture environmentally friendly, selective oil sorbents. The cellulosic materials of different yarn size and distribution such as cotton roving, gauze, fabric, and cellulosic wipe and Whatman filter paper were chosen. The scanning electron microscopy showed that simple dip-coating of any cellulosic materials into graphene dispersion creates a uniformly distributed nanomaterial coating. The wetting tests confirmed that the coating endowed cellulosic materials with hydrophobic properties, regardless of their initial yarn distribution and purity. Moreover, the water repellent samples were simultaneously highly sorptive towards oils and organic solvents. Sorption tests performed for a representative group of organic solvents and oils have shown that depending on cellulosic material the oil sorption capacity varied from 4 g/g to 33 g/g for cotton fabric and roving, respectively. Moreover, the absorption selectivity of chloroform versus water exceeded 90 % for each sample and reached over 99 % for the graphene coated cotton roving and gauze. Finally, the recyclability tests have shown that graphene coated materials are less fragile for reuse than naturally hydrophobic sorbents.  相似文献   

The vascular plant colonization on decaying Picea abies logs in Karkonosze mountain forest belts: the effects of forest community type,cryptogam cover,log decomposition and forest management     

Monika Staniaszek-Kik  Jan Żarnowiec  Damian Chmura 《European Journal of Forest Research》2016,135(6):1145-1157

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Effects of the nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita and of venom from the endoparasitic wasp Pimpla hypochondriaca on survival and food consumption of the pest slug Deroceras reticulatum; implications for novel biocontrol strategies     

Richards EH  DeMarzo D  Port GR  Dani MP  Walters KF 《Pest management science》2008,64(7):711-719

BACKGROUND: Controlling pests through disruption of biochemical pathways by physiologically active compounds/factors from animals and plants represents an expanding field of research. The authors investigated whether such factors in venom from the wasp Pimpla hypochondriaca (Retzius) can affect the viability and food consumption of the slug Deroceras reticulatum (Müller), and whether they can improve the efficacy of nematode-induced slug mortality. RESULTS: Exposure of slugs to 4 mL of water containing 500, 1000 and 5000 Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita (Schneider) resulted in significant increases in mortality (with hazard ratios of 3.5, 3.9 and 5.8 respectively) and significant reductions in total food consumption and mean food consumption each day for 21 days. Injection of slugs with 4, 8 or 12 microL of P. hypochondriaca venom resulted in significant increases in mortality (with hazard ratios of 3.3, 4.5 and 9.0 respectively) and significant reductions in total food consumption compared with the controls. However, there was no significant effect of venom on the mean food consumption on individual days of the 21 day assay period, although significant reductions occurred for the 8 and 12 microL doses up to day 10. Injecting slugs with 4 microL of venom prior to exposure to 500 nematodes had no synergistic effect on either mortality or food consumption compared with either of the individual treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Pimpla hypochondriaca venom contains factors capable of killing and reducing food consumption by D. reticulatum. The utilization of these factors as components of integrated pest management strategies is discussed.  相似文献   

Comparison of the osteogenic potential of equine mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood, and umbilical cord tissue     

Toupadakis CA  Wong A  Genetos DC  Cheung WK  Borjesson DL  Ferraro GL  Galuppo LD  Leach JK  Owens SD  Yellowley CE 《American journal of veterinary research》2010,71(10):1237-1245

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Research funding. Sustaining the data and bioresource commons     

Schofield PN  Eppig J  Huala E  de Angelis MH  Harvey M  Davidson D  Weaver T  Brown S  Smedley D  Rosenthal N  Schughart K  Aidinis V  Tocchini-Valentini G  Hancock JM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6004):592-593

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