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Katsuhiko Fukai Sachiko Miyazaki Fumio Nanjo Yukihiko Hara 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):567-571
Abstract Yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia) plants originating from Andean highlands are known to accumulate a large amount of oligofructans in their tubers and tuberous roots (Ohyama et al. 1990; Asami et al. 1992). Asami et al. (1992) have reported that tubers and tuberous roots which were harvested in late fall contained about 57 and 66% respectively (on a dry matter basis) of oligofructans. However, the tubers, tuberous roots and shoots of the yacon contained only a small amount of starch and inulin. The tuberous roots of yacon which resemble those of sweet potato in appearance are usually eaten raw and are expected to become commercially valuable as a source of oligofructans. 相似文献
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Nine 2-arylbenzofurans isolated from Morus species were tested for their antimicrobial activities against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among these compounds, chalcomoracin (a leaf phytoalexine of mulberry tree) exhibited considerable antibacterial activity against MRSAs (MICs 0.78 μg/ml). 相似文献
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为了探索有效监测和防控甜菜夜蛾的产品,结合性信息素在甜菜夜蛾监测和防控中的应用,利用性诱捕技术监测秋茬露地花椰菜田甜菜夜蛾发生规律,对比甜菜夜蛾性诱捕技术和信息素智能监测系统的监测情况、甜菜夜蛾迷向丝的应用效果和不同诱捕器诱芯载体的效果等。结果表明：2017—2019年秋茬露地花椰菜田甜菜夜蛾发生的高峰期为秋茬露地花椰菜定植到结球初期;信息素智能监测系统较人工调查性诱捕器诱蛾量更加准确、高效;甜菜夜蛾迷向应用的迷向率达100%;甜菜夜蛾不同载体诱芯中聚乙烯管材质较橡皮头材质诱集效果更好,单日诱蛾量高,诱蛾谱更清晰。 相似文献
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Pichayanun Suwanmontri Boonrat Jongdee Shu Fukai Hirohisa Kishino 《Plant Production Science》2013,16(4):287-301
ABSTRACTTo assess the extent of improvement of rainfed rice production by using a participatory approach, we compared research project participants and non-participants (total of 206 rice-growing households) with regard to yield variability and their perspective on climate change at seven sites in Northeast Thailand. The participants were characterized by membership in local groups, an active learning attitude, and confidence in their farming. Compared to non-participants, the participants produced crops with higher yield and had more knowledge about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) message and advanced farming technologies. Both groups had similar reactions to past climatic damage experiences, but the participants tended to have a more positive attitude about adaptation to climate change and mitigation by refraining from residual straw burning than the non-participants. The farmers’ attitude about adaptation to climate change was positively associated with their active learning and close relationship with researchers. There was a large yield gap between the bottom 10 percentile farmers (0.63 t/ha) and the top 10 percentile farmers (4.05 t/ha), with an average yield of 2.18 t/ha. Yield was associated with the level of market orientation, with the market-oriented farmers attaining higher yield, including yield from broadcast seeding (2.71 t/ha), than the subsistence farmers (1.66 t/ha). Our findings suggest that technical improvement of rice production in the region by using the participatory approach could be enhanced by selecting participants who are linked with local groups, tend to be market orientated, and are willing to learn with researchers. 相似文献
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Fukai K Morioka K Yoshida K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(9):1207-1210
In this study, we carried out an experimental infection in pigs using a foot-and-mouth disease virus isolated from the 2010 epidemic in Japan to analyze the clinical manifestation, antibody response and virus shedding patterns in pigs. We found that the virus was virulent in pigs, producing a synchronous disease in the inoculated pigs and efficient spread to direct contact pigs. These results are useful for epidemiologically investigating the 2010 epidemic in Japan and improving the measures for controlling possible future FMD outbreaks in Japan or elsewhere. 相似文献
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Cryopreservation of shoot tips of Caryophyllaceae ornamentals 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary Shoot tips of 5 genera 38 species and cultivars of the Caryophyllaceae ornamentals were cryopreserved. Excised shoot tips were cooled at a rate of 0.5°C/min down to -40°C in the presence of 10% dimethyl sulphoxide and 3% glucose prior to immersion into liquid nitrogen. The shoot tips of all species and cultivars were viable after thawing. Little variation among species was observed in shoot regeneration. High viability of the cryopreserved shoot tips was maintained for up to 4 years. The plants derived from the cryopreserved shoot tips grew and flowered normally.Abbreviations BA
6-benzylaminopurine
- DMSO
dimethyl sulphoxide
- MS
Murashige & Skoog
- NAA
1-naphtalenacetic acid 相似文献
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Boonrat Jongdee Grienggrai Pantuwan Shu Fukai Ken Fischer 《Agricultural Water Management》2006,80(1-3):225-240
A large portion of the world's poor farm in rainfed systems where the water supply is unpredictable and droughts are common. In Thailand there are approximately 6.2 million ha of rain fed lowland rice, which account for 67% of the country's total rice-growing area. This rice system is often characterised by too much and too little water in the same season. Farmers’ estimates of their annual losses to drought are as high as 45% in the upper parts of the toposequence. In contrast to irrigated rice systems, gains from crop improvement of rainfed rice have been modest, in part because there has been little effort to breed and select for drought tolerance for the target rainfed environments. The crop improvement strategy being used in Thailand considers three mechanisms that influence yield in the drought prone targets: yield potential as an important mechanism for mild drought (where yield loss is less than 50%), drought escape (appropriate phenology) and drought tolerance traits of leaf water potential, sterility, flower delay and drought response index for more severe drought conditions. Genotypes are exposed to managed drought environments for selection of drought tolerant genotypes. A marker assisted selection (MAS) scheme has been developed and applied for selection of progenies in the backcrossing program. The plant breeding program uses rapid generation advance techniques that enable early yield testing in the target population of environments (TPE) through inter-station (multi-location yield testing) and on-farm trials. A farmer participatory approach has been used to identify the TPE for the breeding program. Four terrace paddy levels have been identified, upper (drought), middle (drought prone to favorable) and lower (flooded). This paper reports the change in the breeding program for the drought prone rainfed lowland rice environments of North and Northeast Thailand by incorporating our knowledge on adaptation and on response of rice to drought. 相似文献