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排序方式: 共有108条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
81.
Akira Fujinami Takeo Satomi Akihiko Mine Toshio Fujita 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1976,6(3):287-295
N-Chloroacetyl-N-phenylglycine esters were shown to exert various degrees of growth inhibiting activity against young shoots of annual grasses. The activity against the rice plant and barnyard-grass was determined for 58 derivatives where either the aromatic substituent or ester moiety was modified. The structure-activity relationships were analyzed using physicochemical parameters of the molecule such as log P, σ, and Es, and regression analysis. By comparing the correlations derived for the rice plant and barnyard-grass, the selectivity in herbicidal activity is discussed. 相似文献
82.
Sener Kurt Sibel Dervis E. Mine Soylu F. Mehmet Tok Halit Yetisir Soner Soylu 《Phytoparasitica》2008,36(2):107-116
Systematic surveys forFusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum (Fon) were conducted in a total of 141 fields in the watermelon-growing areas of the Mediterranean and southeastern Anatolia regions
of Turkey in 2004 and 2005. The mean incidence and prevalence of the disease were higher in the southeastern Anatolia region
than in the Mediterranean region. Maximum disease incidence during the 2-year survey was 46.3%. However, mean disease prevalence
ranged from 27.3% to 63.6% in southern Turkey. Of the 33 isolates ofFon recovered, 19 were recovered from Adana, two from Mersin, one from Gaziantep, four from Sanlıurfa, five from Adıyaman, one
from Batman, one from Diyarbakır. The physiological race of each isolate was determined by the disease reaction in five differential
watermelon cultivars (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai). Of the isolates recovered from the Mediterranean region, 47.6% were identified as race 0, 38.1%
as race 1, and 14.3% as race 2. Among the 12 isolates recovered from the southeastern Anatolia region, four isolates were
identified as race 0, and eight isolates as race 1. Race 2 was not detected in this region. This is the first report ofFon races 0 and 1 in southeastern Anatolia. The population density ofFon in both the Mediterranean and southeastern Anatolia regions ranged from 116.1 to 4444.7 CFU g−1 of soil. The mean inoculum density was much higher in watermelon-growing areas in the southeastern Anatolia region in comparison
with the Mediterranean region, with a mean inoculum density of 1547.2 CFU g−1. Race 0 and race 1 were the most prevalent races in the fields with the mean highest and lowest inoculum density, respectively.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting March 10, 2008. 相似文献
83.
Liriomyza cicerina (Diptera: Agromyzidae) is an important pest on chickpea in Turkey. The objective of this study was to determine the parasitoids and rates of parasitism ofL. cicerina on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) during the 2005 and 2006 seasons in ?anl?urfa province, Turkey. Leaves with mines were sampled weekly and kept in the laboratory to observe and count emerging leafminer and parasitoid adults. Eight parasitoid species were collected: the braconidsOpius monilicornis Fischer andOpius tersus Foerster and the eulophidsDiaulinopsis arenaria (Erdös) andNeochrysocharis formosa (Westwood), which occurred in both the winter and summer seasons;Diglyphus crassinervis Erdös,Neochrysocharis ambitiosa Hansson,Neochrysocharis sericea (Erdös) andPediobius metallicus (Nees), which occurred only in the summer growing areas.Diaulinopsis arenaria was the predominant parasitoid with 4–7.7% parasitism rate whileN. ambitiosa andO. monilicornis were the second and third most predominant species. The results of these trials show that sinceDia. arenaria occurred throughout every season, it could potentially be used for control of the leafminerL. cicerina. 相似文献
84.
This paper focuses on the assessment of the relation among constructional properties, fractional reflectances and cover factors
of fabrics woven from polyester yarns. A novel equation for the calculation of the relation between fractional reflectance
and fabric cover factor was proposed and the usage of the equation was assessed by reflectance measurements. 48 polyester
fabrics having different constructional parameters were used and the fabrics differed from each other by their cover factors.
The warp yarn type and count, warp density and warp yarn twist were the same but weft yarn count, weft yarn fiber count and
weft density were different for the fabrics in the experimental sub-groups. The reflectance measurements were conducted on
the pretreated but undyed fabric samples as well as on the individual yarn systems of the same fabrics. Fabrics with the same
cover factors exhibited different fractional reflectances. Reflectances were found to be dependent on the cover factor as
well as on yarn fiber fineness, yarn count, yarn density and fabric weave. The changes in crimp of the yarns according to
different construction parameters also governed the changes in fractional reflectances of fabric surfaces. The proposed equation
was tested according to different fabric construction parameters and it was concluded that fiber fineness and weave pattern
were among the most important parameters which govern the total light reflectances from the fabric surfaces, although they
are not incorporated in the calculation of the fabric cover factors. The proposed equation was used to explain the effects
of these components on the reflectance behavior of the fabric surfaces and on fabric cover. 相似文献
85.
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of levamisole and levamisole-trichlorfon combination on isolated sheep trachea. Contraction was achieved with levamisole concentrations (10(-8)-10(-3) M) on tracheal strips of adult sheep (> 1 year of age). Pretreatment with trichlorfon (10(-7) M)-levamisole (10(-7) M) decreased the pD2 and E(max) of Ach when compared to levamisole pretreatment (p < or = 0.01). Pretreatment with levamisole (10(-7) M), decreased the E(max) (p < or = 0.01) and pD2 (p < 0.05) of bethanechol concentrations (10(-8)-10(-3) M) significantly. Pretreatment with atropine (10(-6) M) decreased the E(max) of levamisole (10(-4) M) significantly (p < 0.05). To conclude, levamisole acted mainly on the muscarinic receptors of the sheep trachea and this effect was partly inhibited by atropine. Adverse interaction was present between levamisole and trichlorfon. 相似文献
86.
Weed control is a major concern for organic farmers around the world and non-chemical weed control methods are now the subject
of many investigations. Field studies were conducted in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) from 2004 to 2006 at the Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute experiment field to determine the weed suppressive
effects of winter cover crops. Treatments consisted of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), gelemen clover (Trifolium meneghinianum Clem.), Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.), common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) and a control with no cover crop. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications.
To determine the weed suppressive effects of the cover crops, weed density and total weed dry biomass were assessed at 14,
28, and 56 days after termination (DAT) of the cover crops from all plots using a 50 × 50 cm quadrat placed randomly in each
plot. After cover crop kill and incorporation into soil, tomato seedlings variety ‘H2274’ were transplanted. Broadleaved weed
species were the most prominent species in both years. Total weed biomass measured just prior to cover crop incorporation
into the soil was significantly lower in S. cereale plots than in the others. The number of weed species was lowest at 14 DAT and later increased at 28 and 56 DAT, and subsequently
remained constant during harvest. This research indicates that cover crops such as L. multiflorum, S. cereale, V. sativa and V. villosa could be used in integrated weed management programs to manage some weeds in the early growth stages of organic tomato. 相似文献
87.
Mai Tanokami Wei Qin Wang Meimi Yamamoto Tomomi Hagiwara Mari Yumoto Aika Tomiyama Satoru Mine Yukiko Tamura Shunichi Kobayashi Yoshiko Nakazawa Tsuneo Kato Tomohide Natsuaki Hisashi Nishigawa 《Breeding Science》2021,71(4):484
The soil-borne plasmodiophorid Polymyxa graminis is a vector for Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV), which can severely damage barley plants. Although 22 disease resistance genes have been identified, only a few have been used for breeding virus-resistant cultivars. Recently, BaYMV strains capable of overcoming the effects of some of these genes have been detected. In this study, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing BaYMV was constructed and used to examine viral dynamics in inoculated barley plants. Leaf inoculations resulted in higher infection rates than root or crown inoculations. Additionally, inoculations of some resistant cultivars produced infections that were similar to those observed in a field test. The results of this study indicate that the GFP-expressing virus is a useful tool for visualizing virus replication and dynamics, and for understanding resistance mechanisms. 相似文献
88.
N Qiu M Ma L Zhao W Liu Y Li Y Mine 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(31):7746-7753
Although the effect of storage temperature was suggested to be a more important factor than that of storage time on changes in unfertilized egg white proteins, no comprehensive analysis of the thermally induced egg white protein changes was carried out. This study presents a proteomic analysis of the changes in unfertilized egg white proteins after 15 days of storage at 4, 20, and 37 °C. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by MALDI-TOF MS/MS, 32 protein spots representing 8 proteins were identified with significant differences in abundance when stored at different temperatures. An accelerated degradation of ovalbumin, possibly resulting from the reduction of antiprotease, was observed after the storage at higher temperature. In addition, an increase in the formation of ovalbumin complexes and a decrease in lipocalin family proteins were detected with increasing storage temperature, which may indicate a thermally promoted change in chicken eggs. The decrease of clusterin during the high-temperature storage was suggested to be an effective biomarker for egg quality evaluation. These findings will give insight into the effects of storage temperature on changes in unfertilized egg white proteins during storage and provide a better understanding of the thermally induced biochemical changes that may affect the egg deteriorative process. 相似文献
89.
90.
Sibel Dervis Latife Erten Soner Soylu Fatih M. Tok Sener Kurt Mehmet Yıldız E. Mine Soylu 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,119(4):437-447
Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae, is the most serious disease in olive cultivation areas in western Turkey. Two hundred and eight isolates of V. dahliae from olive (Olea europea var. sativa) trees were taken for vegetative compatibility analysis using nitrate non-utilizing (nit) mutants. One isolate did not produce a nit mutant. Nit mutants of 207 isolates were tested against tester strains of internationally known vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) 1A, 2A, 2B, 3, 4A and 4B, and also paired in many combinations among themselves. One hundred and eighty nine of the isolates (90.9%) were strongly compatible with T9, the tester strain of VCG1A, and thus were assigned to VCG1A. Eight isolates were assigned to VCG2A and four isolates to VCG4B. One isolate was heterokaryon self-incompatible (HSI) and five isolates could not be grouped to any of the VCGs tested. Pathogenicity assays were conducted on a susceptible olive cultivar (O. europea cv. Manzanilla) and a susceptible local cotton cultivar (Gossypium hirsutum cv. Çukurova 1518). Both cotton and olive inoculated with all VCG1A isolates showed defoliating symptoms in greenhouse tests. This is the first report on VCGs in V. dahliae from olive trees in Turkey which demonstrates that VCG1A of the cotton-defoliating type is the most commonly detected form from olive plants in the western part of Turkey. 相似文献