Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding N-terminal region of scallop myosinVIIA-like protein     

Yasuhiro Endo  Takahiro Araki  Masaaki Honda  Yasushi Hasegawa 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(1):188-190

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Sex and age differences in meat composition of Yeso sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) reared for a short period after capture in the wild          下载免费PDF全文

Maki Hayashida  Kousaku Souma  Kazuki Sugo  Shin‐ichi Araki  Fumiaki Ishizaka  Masami Ueda  Takamasa Kasai  Takayoshi Masuko 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(2):207-213

Yeso sika deer captured in winter around Lake Akan in Hokkaido were reared for 8–10 months at Tokyo University of Agriculture in Abashiri. Six 1‐year‐old females and males and six 2‐year‐old or older (adult) females and males were slaughtered and their carcasses were processed. The chemical composition, mineral contents and fatty acid composition of the loin were measured. No marked influence of gender or age was noted in the chemical composition of loin. In the mineral contents, significant differences were noted. The potassium and sulfur contents were lower and the sodium content was higher in adult deer meat (P < 0.05, respectively) and the potassium content was higher in male deer meat (P < 0.05). Arsenic, cadmium or lead were not detected. In the unsaturated fatty acid, a significant interaction was detected (P < 0.05), and it was high in 1‐year‐old female deer meat and low in 1‐year‐old male deer meat. Significant gender or age differences were noted only in the mineral contents in the loin of deer reared for a short period after capture.  相似文献   

A pair of related genes with antagonistic roles in mediating flowering signals   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Kobayashi Y  Kaya H  Goto K  Iwabuchi M  Araki T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5446):1960-1962

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Nitrogen flux patterns through Oxisols and Ultisols in tropical forests of Cameroon,Central Africa     

Makoto Shibata  Soh Sugihara  Antoine David Mvondo-Ze  Shigeru Araki  Shinya Funakawa 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):306-317

We lack an understanding of nitrogen (N) cycles in tropical forests of Africa, although the environmental conditions in this region, such as soil type, vegetation, and climate, are distinct when compared with other tropical forests. Herein, we simultaneously quantified N fluxes through precipitation, throughfall, and 0-, 15-, and 30-cm soil solutions, as well as litterfall, in two forests with different soil acidity (Ultisols at the MV village (exchangeable Al³⁺ in 0–30 cm, 126 kmol_c ha^–1) and Oxisols at the AD village (exchangeable Al³⁺ in 0–30 cm, 59.8 kmol_c ha^–1)) over 2 years in Cameroon. The N fluxes to the O horizon via litterfall plus throughfall were similar for both sites (MV and AD, 243 and 273 kg N ha^–1 yr^–1, respectively). Those values were remarkably large relative to other tropical forests, reflecting the dominance of legumes in this region. The total dissolved N flux from the O horizon at the MV was 28 kg N ha^–1 yr^–1, while it was 127 kg N ha^–1 yr^–1 mainly as NO₃^–-N (~80%) at the AD. The distinctly different pattern of N cycles could be caused by stronger soil acidity at the MV, which was considered to promote a superficial root mat formation in the O horizon despite the marked dry season (fine root biomass in the O horizon and its proportion to the 1-m-soil profile: 1.5 Mg ha^–1 and 31% at the MV; 0.3 Mg ha^–1 and 9% at the AD). Combined with the published data for N fluxes in tropical forests, we have shown that Oxisols, in combination with N-fixing species, have large N fluxes from the O horizon; meanwhile, Ultisols do not have large fluxes because of plant uptake through the root mat in the O horizon. Consequently, our results suggest that soil type can be a major factor influencing the pattern of N fluxes from the O horizon via the effects of soil acidity, thereby determining the contrasting plant–soil N cycles in the tropical forests of Africa.  相似文献   

Characteristics of brown forest soils developed on the paleozoic shale in northern Kyoto with special reference to their pedogenetic process     

Hideaki Hirai  Shigeru Araki  Kazutake Kyuma 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):157-170

Abstract

Morphological and chemical properties of brown forest soils and podzolic soils developed on paleozoic shale under beech and/or cryptomeria have been studied with special reference to the eluviation-illuviation characteristics of Fe and Al.

Mobilization of Al was observed even in brown forest soils and its pattern was similar to that in podzolic soils. Its intensity was higher in the brown forest soils developed on the ridge under cryptomeria than in those on the slope under beech. Hence, podzolization is considered to be one of the genetic processes involved in the brown forest soils in question.

Furthermore, the value of (Fep+Alp)/clay that is employed to define a podzolic B or spodic horizon indicated the presence of a podzolic B horizon even in the brown forest soils studied, while no spodic horizon was found even in the podzolic soils with a clearly recognizable albic horizon. Moreover, the examination of the degree of podzolization showed that the brown forest soils almost corresponded to Ochreous brown earths.  相似文献   

Development of a Novel Staining Procedure for Visualizing the Gluten–Starch Matrix in Bread Dough and Cereal Products     

Tatsuro Maeda  Mito Kokawa  Makoto Miura  Tetsuya Araki  Masaharu Yamada  K ji Takeya  Yasuyuki Sagara 《Cereal Chemistry》2013,90(3):175-180

A novel staining procedure has been developed to visualize the gluten– starch matrix in wheat flour dough. Dough samples mixed to the final stage were stained with 26 fluorescent reagents, and each stained sample was observed with three sets of fluorescence filters (blue, green, and red). Of all the combinations of reagents and filters, the combination of acid magenta and the blue fluorescent filter set was the most effective in distinguishing starch granules from gluten network structure. Its effectiveness was further demonstrated with gluten and starch granule samples, in which the contrast was clearer when observed with the blue fluorescent filter set than without any fluorescent filter. Visualizing the gluten–starch matrix in dough samples at four mixing stages with the same procedure resulted in clear identification of the changes in gluten network structure because of the differences in mixing stages. The same procedure also enabled us to distinguish starch from gluten in white salted noodles, baked cookies, and flour particles. The proposed procedure is quicker, simpler, and has a lower risk of altering the sample than other conventional ones, and it is expected to become a useful tool in cereal studies.  相似文献   

Design and synthesis of peptide-cellulose conjugate molecules —Aspects from energy/steric profiles—     

Kousaku Ohkawa  Masakazu Hachisu  Kesavan Devarayan  Jun Araki 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(12):1970-1974

A multipurpose chemical modification of cellulose to yield soluble cellulose derivatives was investigated on the basis of (i) O-acylation of the parent cellulose using N-Boc-protected Gly, αAla, and βAla, and subsequent Boc-removal, (ii) N-acylation of amino acid-modified cellulose in homogenous solution reaction system using Boc-oligopeptides with multiple types of the side-chain functionalities, and (iii) N-acylation of βAla-Cellulose using 10 kinds of simple Boc-oligopeptides. As for the (i), Thermochemical computation to estimate ΔG transition was well coincided with the observed yields in Oacylations. In the case of (ii), beside the similar ΔG-schemes, a strain energy profile, which is coupled with the preferred conformer transition of the amino acid-modified cellulose, was involved to rule out the N-acylation. The symmetric anhydrate in the N-acylating agents in the (iii) are tend to be in torsions due to the β-strand-like steric stabilizations in the peptides, resulting in the highest N-acylation yields as much as 98 %.  相似文献   

Total Synthesis and Absolute Configuration of the Marine Norditerpenoid Xestenone     

Koichiro Ota  Takao Kurokawa  Etsuko Kawashima  Hiroaki Miyaoka 《Marine drugs》2009,7(4):654-671

Xestenone is a marine norditerpenoid found in the northeastern Pacific sponge Xestospongia vanilla. The relative configuration of C-3 and C-7 in xestenone was determined by NOESY spectral analysis. However the relative configuration of C-12 and the absolute configuration of this compound were not determined. The authors have now achieved the total synthesis of xestenone using their developed one-pot synthesis of cyclopentane derivatives employing allyl phenyl sulfone and an epoxy iodide as a key step. The relative and absolute configurations of xestenone were thus successfully determined by this synthesis.  相似文献   

Comet 81P/Wild 2 under a microscope     

Brownlee D  Tsou P  Aléon J  Alexander CM  Araki T  Bajt S  Baratta GA  Bastien R  Bland P  Bleuet P  Borg J  Bradley JP  Brearley A  Brenker F  Brennan S  Bridges JC  Browning ND  Brucato JR  Bullock E  Burchell MJ  Busemann H  Butterworth A  Chaussidon M  Cheuvront A  Chi M  Cintala MJ  Clark BC  Clemett SJ  Cody G  Colangeli L  Cooper G  Cordier P  Daghlian C  Dai Z  D'Hendecourt L  Djouadi Z  Dominguez G  Duxbury T  Dworkin JP  Ebel DS  Economou TE  Fakra S  Fairey SA  Fallon S  Ferrini G  Ferroir T  Fleckenstein H  Floss C  Flynn G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5806):1711-1716

The Stardust spacecraft collected thousands of particles from comet 81P/Wild 2 and returned them to Earth for laboratory study. The preliminary examination of these samples shows that the nonvolatile portion of the comet is an unequilibrated assortment of materials that have both presolar and solar system origin. The comet contains an abundance of silicate grains that are much larger than predictions of interstellar grain models, and many of these are high-temperature minerals that appear to have formed in the inner regions of the solar nebula. Their presence in a comet proves that the formation of the solar system included mixing on the grandest scales.  相似文献   

Cetacean Toll-like receptor 4 and myeloid differentiation factor 2, and possible cetacean-specific responses against Gram-negative bacteria     

Reiko Shishido  Kazue Ohishi  Rintaro Suzuki  Kiyotaka Takishita  Dai Ohtsu  Kenji Okutsu  Koji Tokutake  Etsuko Katsumata  Takeharu Bando  Yoshihiro Fujise  Tsukasa Murayama  Tadashi Maruyama   《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2010,33(6):e89-e98

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2) are essential for recognizing the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria. We determined the sequences of cDNAs encoding TLR4 and MD-2 from cetaceans and generated three-dimensional (3D) models for a better understanding of their modes of interaction and LPS recognition. The 3D reconstructions showed that cetacean TLR4 and MD-2 formed a horseshoe-like structure comprised of parallel β-strands and a β-cup structure consisting of two anti-parallel β-sheets, respectively. The (TLR4-MD-2)₂ duplex-heterodimer was shown to form a symmetrical structure. Comparison with the interfaces of the complexes in other mammals revealed that cetacean TLR4s have some amino acid residue substitutions involved in duplex-heterodimer formation and in species variation for LPS recognition. These substitutions in the changed amino acid residues may alter the interaction among TLR4, MD-2, and LPS and modify the TLR4/MD-2 immunological responses.  相似文献