Production and characterization of an amphidiploid line between Brassica rapa and a wild relative Diplotaxis tenuifolia     

B. H. Jeong    T. Saga    K. Okayasu    G. Hattori    Y. Kaneko    S. W. Bang 《Plant Breeding》2009,128(5):536-537

Intergeneric hybridization was performed between Brassica rapa and Diplotaxis tenuifolia following embryo rescue. Twenty-three F₁ hybrid plants were developed from the cross B. rapa  ×  D. tenuifolia and confirmed to be amphihaploids with 21 chromosomes in mitosis. Chromosome doubling of F₁ hybrids by colchicine treatment resulted into five amphidiploid plants which exhibited (20–21)_II + (0–2)_I at metaphase I (MI) of pollen mother cells. Sib-crossing and/or open-pollination among amphidiploid plants for more than four generations resulted in the development of an ADt-06 line with reproductive systems capable of maintaining an amphidiploid line. The ADt-06 line was intermediate in some morphological traits between two parental species, and was characterized by a slightly pungent taste as a physiological trait. Analyses for genomic DNA confirmed that this line was a hybrid between two species. This new amphidiploid ADt-06 line could be a useful genetic resource for the breeding of new leafy salad vegetables.  相似文献   

Integrated nutrient management for environmental-friendly rice production in salt-affected rice paddy fields of Saemangeum reclaimed land of South Korea     

Jae Young Cho  Jae Gwon Son  Chang Hoon Song  Seon Ah Hwang  Young Min Lee  Se Young Jeong  Byung Yeoup Chung 《Paddy and Water Environment》2008,6(3):263-273

This study was conducted in an attempt to determine the proper nitrogen and phosphorus application levels, nitrogen split application ratio, and application method for environmental-friendly rice production in a salt-affected rice paddy field, which was located in the Saemangeum reclaimed tidal belt on the western coast of South Korea, between April 1, 2003 and October 10, 2004. All treatments were replicated three times in a randomized block design (5 m × 4 m plot) with 11 treatments (total 33 plots). We designed three treatments for the evaluation of reasonable application levels of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (A1–A3); five treatments to evaluate the nitrogen split application system (T1–T5); and three treatments to determine the proper application for chemical fertilizer (M1–M3). There was no significant difference of amylose and protein content among the application levels, application methods, and nitrogen split application ratios (P < 0.05). No significant differences in grain yield and yield components of rice were observed among the different application levels, application methods, and nitrogen split application ratios (P < 0.05). In order to save labor in agricultural households, preserve or enhance the grain quality of rice, and reduce nutrient losses, we determined that the optimum application level of nitrogen fertilizer was 140 kg ha⁻¹; the application split ratio of nitrogen fertilizer at four different periods was 40% for basal fertilization, 20% for maximum tilling stage, 30% for the panicle formation stage, and 10% for the booting stage; and the best application methods were deep layer application and whole layer application.  相似文献   

The removal of heavy metals in aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite/cellulose composite     

Soohee Choi  Youngjin Jeong 《Fibers and Polymers》2008,9(3):267-270

Hydroxyapatite has an excellent ion-exchangeability and is expected to be used as an agent for the removal of heavy metal ions in wastewater. However, the pure hydroxyapatite is very difficult to use because it exists in the form of white powder. Thus, the pure hydroxyapatite was mixed with cellulose to utilize its ion-exchangeability. In this research, a method for dispersion of hydroxyapatite in cellulose matrix is described and its dispersion is observed with scanning electron microscopy. The removal ratios of some heavy metal ions with hydroxyapatite composite are examined with regard to reaction time and amount of hydroxyapatite composite. The ion-exchangeability of hydroxyapatite composite did not seem to be interfered by cellulose matrix during removing heavy metal ions.  相似文献   

A mixture of trans, trans conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells with reciprocal expression of Bax and Bcl-2     

Islam MA  Kim YS  Jang WJ  Lee SM  Kim HG  Kim SY  Kim JO  Ha YL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(14):5970-5976

The growth inhibitory effect of a mixture of trans, trans conjugated linoleic acid isomers (t, t CLA) was investigated in a human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, with references to c9, t11 CLA, t10, c12 CLA, and linoleic acid. The t, t CLA treatment effectively induced a cytotoxic effect in a time-dependent (0-6 days) and concentration-dependent (0-40 microM) manner, as compared to the reference and control treatments. The apoptotic parameters were measured on cells treated with 40 microM t, t CLA for 4 days. The occurrence of the characteristic morphological changes and DNA fragmentation confirmed apoptosis. The t, t CLA treatment led to an increase in the level of p53 tumor suppressor protein and Bax protein, but suppressed the expression of Bcl-2 protein. In addition, cytochrome c was released from the mitochondria into the cytosol, and the activation of caspase-3 led to the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Moreover, the composition of the linoleic and arachidonic acids was decreased in cellular membranes. These findings suggest that incorporation of t, t CLA in the membrane induces a mitochondria-mediated apoptosis that can enhance the antiproliferative effect of t, t CLA in MCF-7 cells.  相似文献   

Preparation and crystallization behavior of polylactide nanocomposites reinforced with POSS-modified montmorillonite     

Jong Hyun Lee  Young Gyu Jeong 《Fibers and Polymers》2011,12(2):180-189

We herein report the preparation and crystallization behavior of polylactide (PLA) nanocomposites reinforced with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-modified montmorillonite (POSS-MMT), which is prepared by exchanging sodium cations of pristine sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) with protonated aminopropylisobutyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS-NH₃ ⁺). PLA nanocomposites with 1–10 wt% POSS-MMT contents are manufactured via melt-compounding, and their structures and melt-crystallization behavior are investigated. It is characterized that POSS-MMT nanoparticles in the nanocomposites have an exfoliated structure of MMT silicates with POSS-NH₃ ⁺ and partial POSS-NH₂ crystals. DSC cooling thermograms suggest that the overall melt-crystallization rates of the nanocomposite with only 3 wt% POSS-MMT are remarkably enhanced in comparison with the neat PLA. From the isothermal crystallization analysis based on the Avrami model, the overall melt-crystallization of PLA/POSS-MMT nanocomposites is found to be dominated by the heterogeneous nucleation and three-dimensional spherulite growth. Isothermal melt-crystallization experiments using a polarized optical microscope show that the spherulite nucleation density of PLA/POSS-MMT nanocomposites is much higher than that of the neat PLA, whereas the spherulite growth rates of all the nanocomposites are almost identical with the rate of the neat PLA. It is concluded that the highly enhanced melt-crystallization rates of PLA/POSS-MMT nanocomposites stem from the dominant nucleation effect of POSS-MMT nanoparticles for PLA crystals.  相似文献   

Antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effect of methanol extracts of Petasites japonicus Maxim leaves     

Hwan-Goo Kang  Sang-Hee Jeong  Joon-Hyoung Cho 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2010,11(1):51-58

The methanol extract from the leaves of Petasites japonicus Maxim (PJ) was studied for its (anti-)mutagenic effect with the SOS chromotest and reverse mutation assay. The (anti-)carcinogenic effects were evaluated by the cytotoxicity on human cancer line cells and by the function and the expression of gap junctions in rat liver epithelial cell. PJ extracts significantly decreased spontaneous β-galactosidase activity and β-galactosidase activity induced by a mutagen, ICR, in Salmonella (S.) typhimurium TA 1535/pSK 1002. All doses of the extract (0.08-100 mg/plate) decreased the reversion frequency induced by benzo (α)pyrene (BaP) in S. typhimurium TA 98. It decreased not only the spontaneous reversion frequency but also that induced by BaP in S. typhimurium TA 100. PJ extract showed greater cytotoxic effects on human stomach, colon and uterus cancer cells than on other cancer cell types and normal rat liver epithelial cells. Dye transfers though gap junctions were significantly increased by PJ extracts at concentrations greater than 200 µg/mL and the inhibition of dye transfer by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorobol-13-acetate (TPA) was obstructed in all concentrations of PJ. PJ significantly increased the numbers of gap junction protein connexin 43, and increased the protein expression decreased by TPA in a dose-dependent manner. Based on these findings, PJ is suggested to contain antimutagenic and anticarcionogenic compounds.  相似文献   

Tensile behavior and structural evolution of poly(lactic acid) monofilaments in glass transition region     

Il-Hwan Kim  Sang Cheol Lee  Young Gyu Jeong 《Fibers and Polymers》2009,10(5):687-693

A series of amorphous poly(lactic acid) (PLA) monofilaments with various D-isomer contents of 1∼9 mol% have been prepared and then elongated uniaxially at 25∼65 °C in the glass transition region. Both initial modulus and maximum strength of PLA monofilaments are appreciably decreased with increasing the temperature, especially at ∼50 °C, and they were somewhat lower for the monofilament with higher D-isomer content. Structural evolution, chain orientation, and thermal properties of PLA monofilaments drawn uniaxially with various draw ratios at 65 °C were then investigated by using wide-angle X-ray diffraction, polarized Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. X-ray diffraction patterns clearly exhibited the development of chain orientation and stain-induced crystallization of the monofilaments as a function of draw ratio (DR). The dichroic ratio, a measure of the chain orientation, was quantitatively evaluated from the polarized Raman spectra. It was revealed that the dichroic ratios increased up to DR=4 and decreased slightly at DR>4 owing to the strain-induced crystallization for PLA monofilaments with D-isomer contents of 1 and 4 mol%. The glass transition and cold-crystallization temperatures of PLA monofilaments increased and decreased, respectively, with the increment of DR. The strain-induced enthalpy relaxation endothermic peak appearing in glass transition region became intense with increasing the DR.  相似文献   

Superhydrophobic PET fabrics achieved by silica nanoparticles and water-repellent agent     

Geun Yeol Bae  Young Gyu Jeong  Byung Gil Min 《Fibers and Polymers》2010,11(7):976-981

We report herein a superhyrodrophobic poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabric prepared through a biomimetic method of the Lotus effect. To attain the Lotus effect on the PET fabrics, physical roughness and chemical hydrophobicity were controlled by adopting silica nanoparticles and a commercial water-repellent agent, respectively. For this, narrow-size distributed silica nano-particles were prepared by a sol-gel process. The water contact angle on PET fabric treated with both silica nanoparticles and water-repellent agent reached 158°, which was much higher than 137° reached by the fabric treated with the water-repellent agent only.  相似文献   

3D pattern development of tight-fitting dress for an asymmetrical female manikin     

Soyoung Kim  Yeonhee Jeong  Yejin Lee  Kyunghi Hong 《Fibers and Polymers》2010,11(1):142-146

Tight-fitting clothing pattern reflecting the accurate information of the 3D body shape has been one of the challenges for garment industry especially for those who have an abnormal body shape. The objective of the paper is to develop the process of making a final 2D pattern from 3D scanned surface with minimum errors that fit tightly to an asymmetrical female manikin and secondly, to verify the proposed pattern development process from the free drawn design line on the specific 3D body. On the continuum of the previous methodology which provided the precise flattening algorithm on the local 3D surface, total pattern making process was investigated step by step. Final 2D pattern was constructed using non-extensible fabric and the accuracy of the pattern was investigated by shell-shell deviation of original 3D nude and clothed image. Area of each pattern block and corresponding 3D surface block was compared, and the detailed view of the triangle arrangements for the final pattern examined, confirming the topology of the concave and convex surface reflected correctly in the pattern. As results, the accuracy of the tight-fit dress pattern was satisfactory even for the asymmetrical female manikin with prominent curvature.  相似文献   

Dispersion polymerization of acrylonitrile using a poly(ethylene glycol)-b-polyacrylonitrile macro-RAFT agent     

Jin Sook Kim  Hyun Jeong Jeon  Kyung Min Lee  Jung Nam Im  Ji Ho Youk 《Fibers and Polymers》2010,11(2):153-157

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanoparticles were successfully prepared by dispersion polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) in water using 10 and 20 wt% of the poly(ethylene oxide)-b-PAN macromolecular RAFT (PEO-b-PAN macro-RAFT) agent (M _n=5,600 g/mol, PDI=1.15). The degrees of polymerization of the PEO and PAN blocks were 113 and 16, respectively. The PAN nanoparticles had a crumpled spherical appearance and their sizes ranged from 50–80 nm. The degree of crystallinity of the PAN particles was 23 %. The M _n values of the PAN nanoparticles prepared with 10 and 20 wt% of the PEO-b-PAN macro-RAFT agent were 33,900 and 25,800 g/mol, respectively. The existence of the PEO block on the surface of the PAN nanoparticles was confirmed by ¹H NMR spectroscopy and XPS.  相似文献