Molekulare Regulation von Photosyntheseprozessen     

Hermann Bauwe 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1990,38(1):39-48

Zusammenfassung Nach einem kurzen historischen Überblick über wesentliche Entdeckungen auf dem Gebiet der Photosyntheseforschung werden Fragen der Regulation der Photosynthese höherer Pflanzen behandelt. Dabei wurden vor allem die an der Ribulose-1,5-biphosphat Carboxylase/Oxygenase angreifenden Regulationsprinzipien berücksichtigt.

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Molecular regulation of photosynthetic processes

Summary Following a short survey on the history of photosynthesis research some of the main principles of photosynthetic regulation are discussed. Especially, those mechanisms are considered which are involved in the regulation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.

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Präferenzielle Paarung der Chromosomen autotetraploider Gerste — Mathematisches Modell     

Armin Meister  Hermann Bretschneider 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1977,25(1):297-311

Zusammenfassung Ein mathematisches Verfahren wird beschrieben, mit dessen Hilfe auf mögliche, durch Translokationen bedingte Paarungspräferenzen der Chromosomen in der Meiose bei Autotetraploiden geschlossen werden kann. Bei Gerste konnte mit Hilfe von einfachen und multiplen Translokationen im duplex-heterozygoten Zustand gezeigt werden, daß die Strukturumbauten offenbar in gewissen Grenzen zu präferenzieller Paarung der an den Translokationen beteiligten Chromosomen führten.

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Preferential Pairing of the Chromosomes of Autotetraploid Barley — a Mathematical Model

Summary A mathematical method is described which can be used for ascertaining possible effects of translocations on chromosome pairing during meiosis in autotetraploids. Using single and multiple translocations in duplex-heterozygous condition in barley, it has been shown that the structural rearrangements apparently resulted in a certain amount of preferential pairing of the chromosomes involved in the interchanges.

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Herrn Prof. Dr. Drs. h. c.Hans Stubbe zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet.  相似文献   

Effects of Sulfur Dioxide and Ozone on Ion Uptake of Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) Seedlings     

Roswitha Jurat  Hermann Schaub 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1988,151(6):379-384

Shoots of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings grown in solution culture were fumigated with sulfur dioxide or ozone, or with a combination of both for 60 days. Dry weights of the shoots exposed to O₃ and SO₂/O₃ were increased over the controls. Uptake rates of calcium, magnesium, potassium and nitrate from the nutrient solutions were altered in dependence on fumigation, time of exposure and stage of plant development. Uptake rates of all ions by the seedlings fumigated with SO₂ first increased, but later on decreased as compared to the control. Fumigation with O₃, or O₃ in combination with SO₂ affected uptake of the various nutrients differently. The effects of the pollutants on the concentrations of calcium and magnesium in the various parts of the seedlings indicate that the changes are not only due to altered water and ion uptake but may be related to various effects in ion transport and plant metabolism.  相似文献   

Concentration levels of zearalenone and its metabolites in urine, muscle tissue, and liver samples of pigs fed with mycotoxin-contaminated oats     

Zöllner P  Jodlbauer J  Kleinova M  Kahlbacher H  Kuhn T  Hochsteiner W  Lindner W 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(9):2494-2501

The content of zearalenone and its metabolites in urine and tissue samples from pigs fed zearalenone-contaminated oats was established by analytical methods combining solid-phase extraction cleanup of the samples with highly selective liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS detection. Investigation of the urine samples revealed that approximately 60% of zearalenone was transformed in vivo to alpha-zearalenol and its epimer beta-zearalenol in a mean ratio of 3:1. Zeranol and taleranol as further metabolites could only be detected in trace amounts. Zearalanone was identified at considerable concentrations, though only in a couple of samples. In contrast, liver samples contained predominantly alpha-zearalenol, and to a minor extent beta-zearalenol and zearalenone, with a mean ratio of alpha-/beta-zearalenol of 2.5:1, while zeranol, taleranol, or zearalanone could not be identified in any of the investigated samples. The degree of glucoronidation was established for zearalenone as 27% in urine and 62% in liver; for alpha-zearalenol as 88% in urine and 77% in liver; and for beta-zearalenol as 94% in urine and 29% in liver. Analyses of muscle tissue revealed relatively high amounts of nonglucuronidated zeranol and alpha-zearalenol together with traces of taleranol and zearalenone, indicating that the metabolism of zearalenone and its metabolites is not restricted to hepatic and gastrointestinal metabolic pathways.  相似文献   

Influence of exercise on horses' limb volume, measured by an optoelectronic device     

Siewert C  Böttcher A  Hellige M  Beyerbach M  von Rautenfeld DB  Seifert H 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2011,124(5-6):257-264

This study tested for the first time an optoelectronic device (Perometer*) measuring limb volume of horses. An analysis of its application was performed regarding the influence of different types of physical exercise on the volume of the extremities. 40 horses were divided into four groups often horses, each group being exposed to exercise, differing in kind and duration of lunging, horse-ridden and riderless. The volume measurement was performed by determining the inactive value (I) after a twelfe-hour standing period, the load value (II) immediately after exercise and recovery value (III) one hour after exercise. The results showed a highly significant decrease in limb volume of 5.7% between values (I) and (II), as well as a highly significant increase of 68% between (II) and (III). The volume changes observed in male horses were significantly higher than in female horses. Volume changes in horse-ridden groups were higher than riderless ones, but not significant. There were fewer leg volume changes at low ambient temperatures (1-12 degrees C) compared to high temperatures (23-31 degrees C), but these were not statistically significant. Well-trained horses showed lower volume changes than less trained horses (not statistically significant). The Perometer is a fast and reliable tool for measuring limb volume of horses. The ICC (Interclass Correlation Coefficient) calculated a high measurement reproducibility of 0.996. A variance analysis showed no significant differences between the three repeated leg measurements. Thus, the Perometer can be used for monitoring and quantifying edema and documenting limb volume changes resulting from training, wearing compression stockings or bandages, manual lymph drainage.  相似文献   

MicroRNA (miRNA): seminal biomarkers for disease diagnostics in swine?     

Reiner G  Willems H 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2011,124(3-4):102-107

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An investigation of the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in random populations of Swiss horses     

V Bracher  R von Fellenberg  C N Winder  G Gruenig  M Hermann  A Kraehenmann 《Equine veterinary journal》1991,23(2):136-141

The incidence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Switzerland was determined in three groups of horses selected at random. Group A (97 horses) and Group B (93 horses) had no history of respiratory disease, but Group C (113 horses) had a history of lower respiratory tract disease. All horses were examined by auscultation of the respiratory tract under forced breathing, endoscopic examination of the upper and lower respiratory tract, arterial blood gas analysis at rest and cytological examination of respiratory secretions (RS). Fifty-four per cent of the horses in Group A and 54.8 per cent of Group B were diagnosed as suffering clinical COPD and only 12.4 per cent of horses in Group A and 8.6 per cent in Group B had no detectable abnormalities in their lower respiratory tracts. In Group B, 19.4 per cent were considered to be suffering from parasitic pulmonary disease indicated by elevated numbers of eosinophils in their RS. Pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia was exhibited in 70.1 per cent of Group A and 74.2 per cent of Group B. Cytological examination of RS was useful to determine if the secretions found in the trachea originated from the upper or lower respiratory tract. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed no significant differences between healthy horses and those with subclinical or mild COPD.  相似文献   

Eosinophilic granulocytes in tracheobronchial secretions of horses: evidence of parasitic lung disease?     

M Hermann  G Grünig  V Bracher  B Howald  C Winder  J Hürlimann  R von Fellenberg 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》1988,130(1):19-28

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Experiences with the QBC-V hematology system at the veterinary hospitals of Zurich and Bern     

D Meister  P Tschudi  M Hermann  H Lutz 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》1990,132(5):261-266

The QBC V hematology system was tested with respect to its application in veterinary medicine. PCV's and counts of total leukocytes, granulocytes, lympho/monocytes and platelets collected from 435 horses, dogs and cats were determined and compared with conventionally measured values. Precision and accuracy were found to be good for the majority of parameters. In the authors' opinion the QBC V hematology system is well suited for use in veterinary practice.  相似文献   

Effect of temperature and relative humidity on the stability of infectious porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in aerosols     

Hermann J  Hoff S  Muñoz-Zanzi C  Yoon KJ  Roof M  Burkhardt A  Zimmerman J 《Veterinary research》2007,38(1):81-93

The objective of this experiment was to describe the stability of airborne infectious porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) as a function of temperature and relative humidity. A cloud of infectious PRRSV was aerosolized using 24-jet Collison nebulizer into a dynamic aerosol toroid (DAT) maintained at a specific temperature and relative humidity. The PRRSV cloud within the DAT was sampled repeatedly over time using SKC BioSampler impingers and the total viral RNA (RT-PCR) and concentration of infectious PRRSV (TCID50) in the air samples was determined. As measured by quantitative RT-PCR, PRRSV RNA was stable under the conditions evaluated in this study. Thus, a comparison of viral RNA and Rhodamine B dye, a physical tracer, found no significant difference in the slopes of the lines. Titers of infectious virus were plotted by time and the half-life (T1/2) of infectious PRRSV was calculated using linear regression analysis. An analysis of the results showed that aerosolized PRRSV was more stable at lower temperatures and/or lower relative humidity, but temperature had a greater effect on the T1/2 of PRRSV than relative humidity. Based on these results, an equation was derived to predict the T1/2 of infectious airborne PRRSV for any combination of environmental temperature and relative humidity.  相似文献