Synthesis and spectral characterization of novel azomethine disperse dyes derived from pyrazolone moiety and their dyeing performance on polyester fabrics     

Mohamed A. El-Borai  Hala F. Rizk  Gad B. El-Hefnawy  Seham A. Ibrahim  Samy S. Aser  Hatem F. El-Sayed 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(5):729-737

A series of new azomethine dyes based on pyrazolone system have been synthesized via different routes. The solvatochromism for the dyes was evaluated with respect to spectroscopic properties in various solvents. The dyes were applied as disperse dyes on polyester fabrics and gave shade poor to excellent light fastness, washing, perspiration, sublimation, and rubbing fastness properties. Also the position of color in CIELAB coordinates (L*, a*, b*) and K/S value were investigated.  相似文献   

Alzheimer's disease: current status of etiopathogenesis and therapeutic strategies     

Khairallah MI  Kassem LA 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(4):257-272

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is one of the most common age-related neurodegenerative diseases. It is the most prevalent form of dementia, a general term for memory loss. It is characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction, various behavioral and neuro-psychiatric disturbances that seriously interfere with daily life. Scientists have identified factors that appear to play a role in the development of AD but no definitive causes have been found for this complex disorder. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is highly complex. While several pathologies characterize this disease, amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are hallmark neuropathological lesions in AD brain. Current AD therapies are merely palliative and only temporarily slow cognitive decline and treatments that address the underlying pathologic mechanisms of AD are still lacking. In this review, we focus on the current aspects of AD ranging from the key risk factors for AD, the underlying pathogenic events and the novel medications including disease-modifying properties.  相似文献   

The effect of different levels of additional potassium on yield and industrial qualities of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in an irrigated arid region     

A. H. AbdelGadir  M. A. Errebhi  H. M. Al-Sarhan  M. Ibrahim 《American Journal of Potato Research》2003,80(3):219-222

Soils and irrigation waters in Saudi Arabia are naturally rich in potassium (K). In spite of this, farmers and large-scale agricultural companies usually add K fertilizers to various crops without soil and water testing and whether or not the crop requires high amount of K. The objective of these experiments was to study the response of fresh tuber yield, specific gravity, and frying quality of processed potato to different levels of additional K under farmer conditions. Two field experiments were conducted during the 2000–2001 and 2001–2002 growing seasons in Wadi Addawasir (latitude 20–21 N, longitude 45–46 E), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The experimental layout was a randomized complete block design with five K levels (0-100 kg K₂O ha^-1) and four replicates. Water and soils in this region contained more than 10 and 200 ppm K, respectively. Results indicated that there were no statistical differences (P<0.05) between the levels of K on fresh tuber yield, specific gravity, or frying quality. Similarly, K content of leaves at 45 or 60 days after emergence and of tubers at harvest was not significantly affected (P<0.05) by K rates. Potassium content in leaves was above optimum level. Results of this study indicated that current application rates of K are higher than the potato crop requirement for optimum yield obtained in this region. Results also indicated that farmers’ basic application of 215 kg K₂O ha^-1 along with soil native K and irrigation water K were sufficient to produce economic yield and high-quality potatoes.  相似文献   

The clinico-pathology and mechanisms of trypanosomosis in captive and free-living wild animals: A review     

A. W. Mbaya  M. M. Aliyu  U. I. Ibrahim 《Veterinary research communications》2009,33(7):793-809

Reports on the clinico-pathology and mechanisms of trypanosomosis in free-living and captive wild animals showed that clinical disease and outbreaks occur more commonly among captive than free-living wild animals. This is because the free-living wild animals co-exist with the disease until subjected to captivity. In exceptional cases however, draught, starvation and intercurrent diseases often compromised trypanotolerance leading to overt trypanosomosis in free-living wild animals. Meanwhile, in captivity, space restriction, reduced social interactions, change in social herd structure, reduced specie-to-specie specific behaviors, altered habitat and translocation were the major stressors that precipitated the disease. The cumulative effect of these factors produced severe physiological and somatic stress leading to diminished immune response due to increased blood cortisol output from adrenal cortex. The major symptoms manifested were pyrexia, innapetence, increased respiration, anaemia, cachexia and death. At necropsy, pulmonary oedema, splenomegally, hepatomegally, lympadenopathy and atrophy of body fats were the gross changes encountered. At the ultra-structural level, the tissues manifested degenerative changes, haemorghages, necrosis and mononuclear cellular infiltrations. The mechanisms of cellular and tissue injuries were primarily associated with physical and metabolic activities of the organisms. From the foregoing, it is evident that stress is the underlying mechanism that compromises trypanotolerance in wild animals leading to severe clinico-pathological effects.  相似文献   

Using indirect ELISA to assess different antigens for the serodiagnosis of Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle, sheep and donkeys     

Awad WS  Ibrahim AK  Salib FA 《Research in veterinary science》2009,86(3):466-471

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) was evaluated for its diagnostic capability in detecting antibodies against Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle, sheep and donkeys sera using crude worm, excretory–secretory and glutathione S-transferase antigens prepared from adult liver fluke. Presence of F. gigantica worms at post-mortem examination of cattle, sheep and donkey’s livers was taken as a gold standard for the evaluation of the assay. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy percentages of iELISA were determined for each antigen. Excretory–secretory antigen gave the best results for the serodiagnosis of F. gigantica infection in cattle, sheep and donkeys using iELISA with diagnostic sensitivity percentages of 93.3%, 94.9% and 93.3%, respectively, while the specificity percentages were 96.7%, 97.2% and 96.3%, respectively, whereas the accuracy percentages were 95%, 96% and 95.7%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity percentages of iELISA using crude worm antigen were 96.7%, 100% and 93.3%, respectively, while the specificity percentages were 80%, 83.3% and 85.2%, respectively, whereas the accuracy percentages were 88.3%, 86.7% and 87%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity percentages of iELISA using glutathione S-transferase antigen were 66.7%, 71.8% and 60%, respectively, while the specificity percentages were 70%, 77.8% and 77.8%, respectively, whereas the accuracy percentages were 68.3%, 74.7% and 73.9%, respectively. Conclusively, excretory–secretory antigen dependent iELISA can be used as a reliable serodiagnostic test for F. gigantica infection in cattle, sheep and donkeys.  相似文献   

Growth and carcass characteristics of lambs in relation to plasma IGF-I and some histological traits of Longissimus lumbarum and Biceps femoris as affected by breed and age at slaughter     

A.H. Barkawi  Amal K. El-Asheeri  Y.M. Hafez  M.A. Ibrahim  M.M. Ali 《Livestock Science》2009,124(1-3):9-14

Ten male lambs of each of Rahmani (R) and Ossimi (O) were used to study the growth and carcass characteristics within their first year of age (360 days). After suckling period (4 months), lambs were fed on the regular ration. During the course of the experiment, body weight (BW) was recorded monthly accompanied by blood sampling to determine IGF-I. Four lambs from each breed were slaughtered at 270 and 360 days of age, and Longissimus lumbarum (L. lumbarum) at the 9th, 10th and 11th ribs and Biceps femoris (B. femoris) muscles were separated to be used for chemical analysis and histological study.Breed had no effect on the growth curve of the two studied breeds. Chemical analysis indicated that (O) had higher fat (0.9%, P < 0.0001) and lower (0.3%, P < 0.01) moisture compared to (R), with no difference in protein and ash contents. The concentration of IGF-I was almost similar in both breeds up to day 270 of age, and then it was higher in (R). Number of fibers per bundle was higher (P < 0.05) in (O) than in (R) by 6.1%, while, the other histological traits were similar in the two studied breeds.Chemical analysis indicated that lambs slaughtered at 360 days of age had lower (0.7%, P < 0.0006) moisture and higher fat (17.3%, P < 0.0001) compared to day 270. Up to day 270 of age, IGF-I concentration was < 500 ng/ml before increasing to > 500 ng/ml up to the end of the experiment. No effect of age was observed on the studied histological traits.L. lumbarum muscle contained higher protein (4.2%, P < 0.0001), fat (104%, P < 0.0001) and ash (10%, P < 0.001), while moisture was less (5.6%, P < 0.0001) compared to B. femoris muscle. B. femoris muscle was higher (P < 0.0001) in number and diameter of fibers, bundle and stroma sectional areas relative to L. lumbarum by 38.2, 78.8, 53.2 and 23.8%, respectively.  相似文献   

Waste‐grown phototrophic bacterium supports culture of the rotifer,Brachionus rotundiformis          下载免费PDF全文

Poh L Loo  Ving C Chong  Sabaratnam Vikineswary  Shaliza Ibrahim 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(10):3029-3041

The present and commonly used batch culture system (BCS) as adopted by many small‐scale tropical hatcheries is beset by poor rotifer production and sudden crashes. This study aimed to produce nutritive rotifers and evaluate their performance based on the BCS by using phototrophic bacteria (PB) that can be easily and cheaply cultured from palm oil mill effluent (POME), an agro‐industrial byproduct usually discarded as waste. Brachionus rotundiformis given a sole diet of POME‐grown PB (Rhodovulum sulfidophilum) grew as well as on the commercially produced microalgae, Nannochloropsis. Production, growth rate and fecundity of rotifers fed condensed bacterial cells (bPB) and culture broth of bacteria grown in POME (cPB) were evaluated. The best performance in terms of the stated parameters was obtained for rotifers fed 200 mL of cPB in 3 L of culture water; this media sustained a mean rotifer density of 600–900 individuals mL^?1 after 3–6 days of culture. The biochemical composition of rotifers fed PB was comparable to those fed microalgae, except that the former contained more polyunsaturated fatty acids.  相似文献   

Effect of Bay (Laurus nobilis L.) Essential Oil on Surimi Gels Nutritionally Enhanced with Salmon and Flaxseed Oils     

Ugochukwu Anyanwu  Fatimah Alakhrash  Seyed Vali Hosseini  Salam A. Ibrahim 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(4):431-446

Bay essential oil (BEO) at 0.5 and 1 g/100 g was added to surimi gels fortified with omega (ω)-3 rich oils. Although the fortification resulted in increased (P < 0.05) susceptibility of surimi to lipid oxidation, 0.5 g/100 g BEO significantly reduced TBARS (P < 0.05). Addition of ω-3 rich oil or BEO improved the texture. Color values of the surimi seafood were improved particularly when BEO was added. Sensory properties, water activity, and pH values were generally within the acceptable range. These results suggest that the incorporation of BEO may allow food manufacturers to nutritionally enhance surimi seafood with beneficial ω-3 rich oils.  相似文献