Orf virus immuno-modulation and the host immune response     

Haig DM  Thomson J  McInnes C  McCaughan C  Imlach W  Mercer A  Fleming S 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2002,87(3-4):395-399

Orf virus encodes a range of immuno-modulatory genes that interfere with host anti-virus immune and inflammatory effector mechanisms. The function of these reflects the pathogenesis of orf. The orf virus interferon resistance protein (OVIFNR) and virus IL-10 (vIL-10) inhibit interferon production and activity. In addition the vIL-10 suppresses inflammatory cytokine production by activated macrophages and keratinocytes. The virus GM-CSF inhibitory factor (GIF) is a novel virus protein that binds to and inhibits the biological activity of GM-CSF and IL-2. Together, these immuno-modulators target key effector mechanisms of host anti-virus immunity to allow time for virus replication in epidermal cells.  相似文献   

Systemic autoimmune disease and concurrent nematode infection in a dog     

D S McVey  R Rudd  K Toshach  W E Moore  K S Keeton 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1989,195(7):957-960

Systemic lupus erythematosus was diagnosed in a dog with concurrent nematode infection. The clinical signs of disease were unusually severe and included multiple neurologic deficits, polyarthritis, and weight loss. The dog was thrombocytopenic, and serotest results included positive lupus erythematosus test, positive rheumatoid factor test, positive antinuclear antibody test, hypergammaglobulinemia, and high platelet-associated IgG concentration. After treatment of hookworm, whipworm, and heartworm infections concurrently with corticosteroid and empiric treatment, the dog's condition improved. However, 10 days later, cyclophosphamide administration was necessary for continued immunosuppression. The dog was euthanatized because of progressive deterioration and development of canine coronavirus diarrhea. Serotest data generated from the dog's serum obtained at the time of referral suggested that autoantibodies and circulating immune complexes may have included IgE isotypes.  相似文献   

COMPARISON OF FLUOROSCOPY AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR TRACHEAL LUMEN DIAMETER MEASUREMENT AND DETERMINATION OF INTRALUMINAL STENT SIZE IN HEALTHY DOGS          下载免费PDF全文

Jackie M. Williams  Ingar A. Krebs  Elizabeth A. Riedesel  Qianqian Zhao 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(3):269-275

Tracheal collapse is a progressive airway disease that can ultimately result in complete airway obstruction. Intraluminal tracheal stents are a minimally invasive and viable treatment for tracheal collapse once the disease becomes refractory to medical management. Intraluminal stent size is chosen based on the maximum measured tracheal diameter during maximum inflation. The purpose of this prospective, cross‐sectional study was to compare tracheal lumen diameter measurements and subsequent selected stent size using both fluoroscopy and CT and to evaluate inter‐ and intraobserver variability of the measurements. Seventeen healthy Beagles were anesthetized and imaged with fluoroscopy and CT with positive pressure ventilation to 20 cm H₂O. Fluoroscopic and CT maximum tracheal diameters were measured by three readers. Three individual measurements were made at eight predetermined tracheal sites for dorsoventral (height) and laterolateral (width) dimensions. Tracheal diameters and stent sizes (based on the maximum tracheal diameter + 10%) were analyzed using a linear mixed model. CT tracheal lumen diameters were larger compared to fluoroscopy at all locations (P‐value < 0.0001). When comparing modalities, fluoroscopic and CT stent sizes were statistically different. Greater overall variation in tracheal diameter measurement (height or width) existed for fluoroscopy compared to CT, both within and among observers. The greater tracheal diameter measured with CT and lower measurement variability has clinical significance, as this may be the imaging modality of choice for appropriate stent selection to minimize complications in veterinary patients.  相似文献   

OUTCOME OF DOGS WITH INTRANASAL LYMPHOMA TREATED WITH VARIOUS RADIATION AND CHEMOTHERAPY PROTOCOLS: 24 CASES          下载免费PDF全文

Rebecca George  Annette Smith  Stephanie Schleis  William Brawner  Gregory Almond  Michael Kent  Jackie Wypij  Juan Borrego  Antony Moore  Michele Keyerleber  Sarah Kraiza 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(3):306-312

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Ultrasound-Guided Atlanto-Occipital Puncture for Myelography in the Horse     

Fabrice Audigié  DVM  PhD    Jackie Tapprest  DVM  PhD    D. Didierlaurent  J.-M. Denoix  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(4):340-344

Complications of cervical myelography arising from the puncture of the subarachnoid space to collect the cerebrospinal fluid and to inject the contrast medium have been described in humans and animals. In this study, 2 ultrasound-guided procedures were developed for puncture of the atlanto-occipital subarachnoid space, collection of cerebrospinal fluid, and injection of contrast medium. Myelography was performed on 6 ataxic horses using these procedures. The first attempt to puncture the subarachnoid space was successful in 5 horses and in one horse, a second attempt was necessary. Collection of cerebrospinal fluid and injection of contrast medium were achieved without difficulty. Ultrasound-guided myelography allowed reduction of potential complications associated with blind percutaneous puncture of the subarachnoid space. Methods described in this study should be tried-at least initially in an experimental setting--to collect cerebrospinal fluid from the atlanto-occipital site in standing horses where it may represent an alternative method when lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid collection has been unsuccessful or contaminated with blood.  相似文献   

Fractures of the radius and ulna.     

R G Rudd  J G Whitehair 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1992,22(1):135-148

Fractures of the radius and ulna are common in the dog and cat. If treated inappropriately, complications may result. These include delayed union, nonunion, malunion, and growth deformities. ESF is a versatile method of fixation for fractures of the radius and ulna. Types that are applicable range from the simple type I to the complex type III fixator. In general, the more unstable the fracture, the more rigid the assembly must be to counteract fracture forces. There are three basic phases to consider when using ESF: (1) preoperative planning, (2) application of the ESF, and (3) long-term management. A deficiency in any one of these phases can lead to complications and an unsatisfactory clinical outcome. Although ESF can be used on many types of fractures, the technique is especially well suited for open or highly comminuted fractures when internal fixation is not applicable. In these cases, close attention must be paid to the integrity of the soft tissues. In addition, cancellous bone grafts should be placed either at the time of initial repair or in a delayed fashion after adequate vascularity has been established. Staged or complete removal of the ESF should be individualized to each fracture case. In general, staged disassembly or "dynamization" can begin when the bone and fixator begin to function as a composite as determined by radiographs. Complete fixator removal should be considered when the fracture exhibits clinical and radiographic evidences of union.  相似文献   

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to ovine corticotropin-releasing-hormone stimulation tests in healthy and hospitalized foals     

Katheryn Johnson  Jackie Peterson  Jamie Kopper  Katarzyna Dembek 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2023,37(1):292-301

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Suspected primary hematomyelia in 3 dogs     

Andrew Barker  Jackie M. Williams  Annie Chen  Rod Bagley  Nick D. Jeffery 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2015,56(3):278-284

Primary hematomyelia refers to hemorrhage occurring within the spinal cord without an identifiable etiology. Clinical signs, magnetic resonance imaging characteristics, and histopathological findings are described. Diagnosis was made through histological analysis and rule-outs for underlying factors. Following removal of the hematoma, neurologic deficits improved, although some residual deficits persisted.  相似文献   

Comparison of Veterinary Student Ability to Learn 1‐Handed and 2‐Handed Techniques for Surgical Knot Tying          下载免费PDF全文

Angharad C.J. Thomas MA  VetMB  Graham M. Hayes MA  VetMB  CertSAS  Diplomate ECVS  Jackie L. Demetriou BVetMed  CertSAS  Diplomate 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(6):798-802

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PREFERENCES FOR HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES OF FARMED SALMON AMONGST SOUTHERN ONTARIO SALMON CONSUMERS     

Murray A. Rudd  Nathan Pelletier  Peter Tyedmers 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2013,17(1):18-45

The goal of this research was to shed light on the trade-offs that salmon consumers make between five types of production and health attributes of farmed salmon. In Canada, the major southern Ontario market cleaved into five distinct consumer segments that varied according to age and income, ‘tastes’, and threat perceptions. There was strong consumer aversion to increased levels of PCBs, even when increased contamination levels were well within Health Canada guidelines. Both contaminant avoidance and polyunsaturated fatty acid health benefits were generally more important to consumers than improved environmental performance in salmon farming production practices. The strong consumer preferences for reduced levels of PCBs in salmon flesh suggest that there could be a substantial market premium for farmed salmon produced using reduced levels of fish meal and fish oils in salmon feed. This could, by association, increase the environmental sustainability of salmon farming.  相似文献