Persistent Hematuria as a Result of Chronic Renal Hypertension Secondary to Nephritis in a Stallion     

Luis Alfonso Gracia-Calvo  María Esther DuránMaría Martín-Cuervo  DVM  MS  Verónica VieítezJoaquín Jiménez  DVM  PhD  Luis Javier Ezquerra  DVM  PhD  dip ECVS 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

A 13-year-old Lusitano stallion was referred to our institution with a history of severe hematuria for 8.5 months. The origin of the hematuria was determined to be the left kidney. The diagnostic workup failed to identify obstructive, infectious, or neoplastic conditions. The history and ultrasonographic examination suggested a chronic condition. The stallion was subjected to left nephrectomy because of the persistent hematuria and anemia. A histopathological examination detected lesions, which were compatible with chronic nephritis and vascular renal hypertension. It is hypothesized that changes in the normal parenchymal architecture produced a vascular aberration that led to renal hypertension, with subsequent blood extravasation and hematuria. The horse recovered completely after nephrectomy.  相似文献   

Neospora caninum infection as a cause of reproductive failure in a sheep flock     

Marta González-Warleta  José Antonio Castro-Hermida  Javier Regidor-Cerrillo  Julio Benavides  Gema álvarez-García  Miguel Fuertes  Luis Miguel Ortega-Mora  Mercedes Mezo 《Veterinary research》2014,45(1)

Neospora caninum has been detected only sporadically in cases of ovine abortion, and it has therefore traditionally been considered as an unimportant parasite in small ruminants. This study was carried out with the aim of identifying the pathogen causing serious reproductive problems on a commercial sheep farm. Sera from all rams and ewes tested negative for antibodies against Border disease virus, Schmallenberg virus and Coxiella burnetii, and infections by these agents were therefore ruled out. Nevertheless, seropositivity to N. caninum and/or Toxoplasma gondii was detected, although the seroprevalence was higher in the case of N. caninum. The percentage of lambings and the number of lambs per dam were significantly lower in ewes that were seropositive to N. caninum while no effect on these parameters was detected in ewes that were seropositive to T. gondii. There was also no evidence of infection by T. gondii in the foetal/lamb tissues analyzed by PCR and/or immunohistopathological techniques. On the contrary, the DNA of N. caninum was detected in 13 out of 14 foetuses/lambs descendant from dams seropositive to this parasite. Characteristic lesions caused by N. caninum and/or its antigen were also detected. Genotyping of the N. caninum DNA revealed only two closely related microsatellite multilocus genotypes. The results clearly demonstrate that infection by N. caninum was the cause of the low reproductive performance of this sheep flock.  相似文献   

Resin tapping in Pinus pinaster: effects on growth and response function to climate     

Mar Génova  Leocadia Caminero  Javier Dochao 《European Journal of Forest Research》2014,133(2):323-333

Pinus pinaster is of great ecological and economic importance and has traditionally been subjected to intensive uses such as wood and resin extraction. In the last decade, dendrochronological methods are increasingly being used to analyze the effects of climatic factors on the growth of the maritime pine, although tapped trees were generally avoided because it was thought that their growth was affected by resin extraction. In Spain, however, it is hard to find a long-lived forest of P. pinaster that has not been subjected to tapping for resin. In the present paper, we performed dendrochronological analyses of this species from wood cores and cross sections taken from both resin-tapped trees and resin-untapped trees killed by a fire in 2008 in the central Iberian region. On the one hand, we reconstructed the history of forest management by means of analysis of resin scars in the cross sections of resin-tapped trees. This facet of dendrochronological dating had not heretofore been developed, and little is therefore known about it. We dated 46 scars, which indicate a history of intensive resin extraction in the 1920–1950 period. Moreover, we attempted to answer the question: Have the old resin extractions in P. pinaster precluded the use of their growth rings for dendrochronological and dendroclimatic studies? We found that resin extraction did not alter general short-wavelength variability, and we developed a local chronology with all synchronized series, and the response function with respect to climate is similar to other oldest P. pinaster forests studied in Spain. The information we have recorded can be of use for providing tools to land managers for interpreting forest dynamics in resin-tapped regions.  相似文献   

Reproductive performance of cultured brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) in Chile     

Francisco Javier Estay  Rodrigo Noriega  Jose Pedro Ureta  Werner Martín  & Nelson Colihueque 《Aquaculture Research》2004,35(5):447-452

Data on reproductive traits in a cultured population of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) in southern Chile were collected over three consecutive reproductive seasons: 1999, 2000 and 2001, corresponding to the first (at 3 years), second and third spawnings in females. Data were collected from individual females (n=238, 273 and 169 respectively). The reproductive season lasted mainly from June to August. The peak (July) tended to increase with each season (55.46%, 62.27% and 80.81% of total spawning fish respectively). Female body weight (470.8±102.5, 735.0±150 and 1263.9±263.4 g), total fecundity (1182±344, 1904±595 and 2744±605) and egg diameter (4.64±0.11, 4.67±0.27 and 5.24±0.12 mm) increased significantly (P<0.01) over successive reproductive seasons, particularly between the second and third spawnings. Relative fecundity, on the other hand, decreased significantly with each season (3577±471, 2591±900 and 2181±360). Following analysis of the variables over the three seasons, the correlation pattern of female body weight with total fecundity (r=0.91, n=458; P<0.001) and relative fecundity (r=?034, n=451; P<0.001) proved similar to that described in other salmonid females. Fertilization rate and survival to the eyed egg stage were also positively correlated (r=0.73, n=453; P<0.001). The systematically high values obtained for these latter variables over the seasons evaluated (consistently above 90%) are clearly greater than those we registered in other species of salmonids bred in Chile under similar conditions and suggest highly efficient biological variables that determine the gamete fertilization of this species. The brown trout is, therefore, an interesting potential aquaculture resource in Chile.  相似文献   

Genetic structure and genetic relatedness of a hatchery stock of Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis) inferred by microsatellites     

Javier Porta  Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,251(1):46-55

Solea senegalensis is a fish species in an early stage of domestication. A commercial hatchery in southern Spain experienced a dramatic failure in spawning and embryo survival, after incorporation into the broodstock of fish reared in their hatchery. To assess the impact of management on the stock quality, a population genetics study was made of adult broodstock present at this hatchery in 2000. The broodstock was composed of a group of fish of wild origin and two more groups from F₁ progeny. A set of eight microsatellite loci was used to compare genetic variability among the three groups and to establish the relationships between pairs of individuals within each group.Individuals from F₁ origin showed a substantial reduction in genetic variability when compared to those from the wild. There was a greater than 50% decrease in the number of alleles per locus corrected by sample size and 16% and 26% reductions in H_e values in the two F₁ groups, respectively. The degree of genetic relationship between individuals, evaluated by the relatedness estimator, rxy, and by graphical approaches, revealed a high proportion, almost 75%, of full-sibs and half-sibs in both F₁ groups, which might account for the reduction in overall variability. The high proportion of siblings also suggests a reproductive pattern in this stock in which few individuals breed successfully. This mating behaviour, along with factors inherent to selection and management systems, might be responsible for the negative effects on the reproductive capacity of the stock.  相似文献   

Biosynthetic Modularity Rules in the Bisintercalator Family of Antitumor Compounds     

Javier Fernández  Laura Marín  Raquel álvarez-Alonso  Saúl Redondo  Juan Carvajal  Germán Villamizar  Claudio J. Villar  Felipe Lombó 《Marine drugs》2014,12(5):2668-2699

Diverse actinomycetes produce a family of structurally and biosynthetically related non-ribosomal peptide compounds which belong to the chromodepsipeptide family. These compounds act as bisintercalators into the DNA helix. They give rise to antitumor, antiparasitic, antibacterial and antiviral bioactivities. These compounds show a high degree of conserved modularity (chromophores, number and type of amino acids). This modularity and their high sequence similarities at the genetic level imply a common biosynthetic origin for these pathways. Here, we describe insights about rules governing this modular biosynthesis, taking advantage of the fact that nowadays five of these gene clusters have been made public (thiocoraline, triostin, SW-163 and echinomycin/quinomycin). This modularity has potential application for designing and producing novel genetic engineered derivatives, as well as for developing new chemical synthesis strategies. These would facilitate their clinical development.  相似文献   

How well does a botanical garden collection of a rare palm capture the genetic variation in a wild population?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sandra Namoff  Javier Francisco-Ortega  Larry R. Noblick  M. Patrick Griffith 《Biological conservation》2010,143(5):1110-1117

Conservation is increasingly central to the botanic garden mission. Living plant collections are important components of conservation. Critical evaluation of living conservation collections with population genetic analysis can directly inform ex situ conservation strategy. Here, we quantify the degree of genetic variation captured through a population-based collection protocol, and explore optimal sampling for ex situ conservation. An extensive living collection derived from one population of Leucothrinax morrisii (Arecaceae) provided a model system. We compared 58 specimens from the ex situ collection with 100 individuals from throughout the parent population via 6 ISSR loci. Random bootstrapped resamples of the data were made to model differently structured ex situ collections. Mean diversity (He) differed little between the collection (0.204) and the population (0.216), and genetic distance (D) was very close (0.036). Very few private alleles were found between the collection and the population. Allelic capture, as measured by percent of private alleles, was greater than 94%. Resampled collections of different sizes captured from 48% to 94% of alleles. Pairwise comparison of bootstrapped resamples suggests that increasing the representation of half-sibling groups does not significantly increase allele capture. Increase in allele capture with increasing sample size is greatest at low resample sizes, and showed diminishing returns as resample size increased. No appreciable increase in allele capture was gained through maintaining different half-sibling groups. These data inform sampling for ex situ conservation purposes, and recommend sample sizes of at least 15 individuals, with the upper limit based on resources.  相似文献   

Embolism induced by winter drought may be critical for the survival of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus sylvestris</Emphasis> L. near its southern distribution limit     

José Javier Peguero-Pina  José María Alquézar-Alquézar  Stefan Mayr  Hervé Cochard  Eustaquio Gil-Pelegrín 《Annals of Forest Science》2011,68(3):565-574

Introduction   

Scots pine populations in the SE “Sistema Ibérico” range suffered a severe defoliation in the S face of the crown in isolated trees of thinned stands. This process was detected at the end of the winter 2001–2002.  相似文献   

Estimating balanced structure areas in multi-species forests on the Sierra Madre Occidental,Mexico   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Christian Wehenkel  José Javier Corral-Rivas  José Ciro Hernández-Díaz  Klaus von Gadow 《Annals of Forest Science》2011,68(2):385-394

• Introduction   

This study presents a method for estimating the minimum area which exhibits a balanced diameter distribution, and the corresponding number of trees, for different tree species and forest types in the Santiago Papasquiaro region in the State of Durango, Mexico. The balanced structure area is defined as the minimum contiguous area that is required for sustainable management of a multi-sized selection forest. A multi-sized forest represents a balanced structure unit if the relationship between harvest and growth can be maintained, using a defined target diameter distribution and disregarding major natural disturbances. The study is based on 17,577 sample plots in uneven-aged forests, which are selectively harvested by local communities.  相似文献   

Volatile components and key odorants of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) oil extracts obtained by simultaneous distillation-extraction and supercritical fluid extraction     

Díaz-Maroto MC  Díaz-Maroto Hidalgo IJ  Sánchez-Palomo E  Pérez-Coello MS 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(13):5385-5389

Volatile oil extracts of fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and thyme leaves (Thymus vulgaris L.) were obtained by simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In general, fennel oil extracted by SDE and SFE showed similar compositions, with trans-anethole, estragole, and fenchone as the main components. In contrast, thymol and p-cymene, the most abundant compounds in thyme leaves, showed big differences, with generally higher amounts of monoterpenes obtained by SDE. However, in this case, the differences between the extracts were higher. Key odorants of fennel seeds determined by gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) showed similar patterns when applying SDE and SFE. trans-Anethole (anise, licorice), estragole (anise, licorice, sweet), fenchone (mint, camphor, warm), and 1-octen-3-ol (mushroom) were the most intense odor compounds detected in fennel extracts. Thymol and carvacrol, with oregano, thyme, and spicy notes, were identified as key compounds contributing to the aroma of thyme leaves.  相似文献