Reverse leasing and power dynamics among blue agave farmers in western Mexico     

Sarah Bowen  Peter R. W. Gerritsen 《Agriculture and Human Values》2007,24(4):473-488

We examine changing production relations in the Mexican tequila industry to explore the ways in which large industrial firms are using “reverse leasing arrangements,” a form of contract farming, to extend their control over small agave farmers. Under these arrangements, smallholders rent their parcels to contracting companies who bring in capital, machinery, labor, and other agricultural inputs. Smallholders do not have access to their land, nor do they make any of the management decisions. We analyze the factors that have led some producers to participate in reverse leasing arrangements, while allowing other producers to continue farming independently. In addition, we look at the ways in which farmers are responding to these new production relations and constraints and the strategies that they are using to regain control over the production process.

Sarah BowenEmail:

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区域农地市场运行模型及其机制分析——以江苏省常熟市、南京市、宝应县为例   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

方鹏  黄贤金  曲福田  汪冰清 《南京农业大学学报》2004,27(1):111-116

在对江苏省常熟、南京以及宝应等地6个村庄进行调查和农户问卷调查的基础上，通过确立农地市场运行过程中的两个变量——农地流转方向和农地流转率，构建了不同区域农村土地市场运行模型；对农地市场运行机制以及影响因素进行了分析，提出了一些推进农地市场规范运行的政策建议。  相似文献   

不同施氮水平下深层土壤硝态氮淋失特征研究     

付玉芹  雷玉平  郑力  耿清国 《勤云标准版测试》2006,(6)

通过GeoprobeR深层取土18m,分析了不同施氮水平下厚不饱和层土壤中NO3--N的迁移变化。发现不同施氮处理下NO3--N在一个生育期的淋失变化主要体现在0～4m土体内,土壤中硝态氮累积峰下移深度为0.2～0.6m,高施肥土体中,深层土壤6.7～8m和13～15m土体中也有少量硝态氮淋失,施氮量越高,淋失量和累积量也越高;不同施肥处理下,厚不饱和层土壤中NO3--N累积量变化主要体现4m土体特别是根区土层中,在2m土体内,土体中NO3--N的累积量与施入的氮肥量呈极显著线性关系,根区以下不饱和层中NO3--N累积量超过1800kg/hm2。  相似文献   

气相蒸发有限固溶合金制备的超微粉末中相生成规律的研究     

严红革  陈振华  张福全  傅杰兴  陈刚 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,28(5)

采用感应电流加热蒸发了Pb-Sb,Fe-Cu和Al-Sn三种有限固溶合金系的母合金，制备出的超微粉末的粒度为纳米级，研究了超微粉末中的相生成规律和粉末颗粒的形貌及组织特征，得到如下结论：在制备的超微粒子中，组元间的相互作用关系遵循其在普通状态下的合金化原则，即若组元间在普通状态下不发生固溶或化合反应，则在超微粒子中也不会生成固溶体相或化合物相，制得的超微粉末为纯金属的混合物，但各个相的相对含量则随母合金成分的变化而改变。三种合金的超微粒子的形貌与其作为其组元的纯金属的超微粒子的形貌显著不同，存在不同衬度组织的粒子为两种纯金属相的混合物。  相似文献   

土壤—根系统养分迁移和吸收的数值模拟Ⅱ.模型验证及参数的敏感性分析     

张富仓  袁静  李元瑞 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,31(1):15-23

用盆栽试验对玉米幼苗磷吸收进行了分析 ,并结合土壤和玉米根系磷运移和吸收参数的测定 ,用稳态吸收模型进行了计算。结果表明 ,随着土壤施磷量的增加 ,玉米幼苗含磷量和吸磷量明显提高 ;对于同一施磷水平 ,随着生长时间的增加 ,玉米幼苗的吸磷量增加的幅度较快 ;不同施磷处理玉米幼苗磷吸收的计算值和实测值均线性相关 ;养分吸收模型的玉米幼苗磷吸收模拟值与实测值具有很好的一致性 ,能很好地反映出幼苗吸收磷的变化趋势。单因素敏感性分析表明 ,影响作物根系磷吸收因素的大小顺序为 L>Cav>r0 >α>Deb>v0 >rx;某些参数的变化可以影响其他一些参数的原有水平 ;用图型分析法能准确地反映 r0 ,Deb,Imax,Cav,v0 和 rx 等参数之间的两维和多维相互关系  相似文献   

不同播期和密度对珍珠豆型花生品种远杂9307 经济性状和产量的影响     

吴继华张金民  肖召杰李可  刘水仙周帅 《勤云标准版测试》2005,(9)

研究了珍珠豆型花生品种远杂9307不同播期与种植密度对主要农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明,不同播期对远杂9307主要农艺性状和产量有显著影响,荚果产量最大差异达21.8%,籽仁产量最大差异达29.77%;不同种植密度对远杂9307部分农艺性状有显著影响,对产量的影响不明显。远杂9307适宜播期范围为5月1—25日,适宜密度范围为18.0￣21.0万穴/hm2。  相似文献   

Consumption strategies in Mexican rural households: pursuing food security with quality     

Kirsten Appendini  Ma. Guadalupe Quijada 《Agriculture and Human Values》2016,33(2):439-454

Food quality is an important issue on the global agenda, particularly in high- and middle-income economies, but of little concern in designing Mexico’s food policy. Food policy has focused on quantity and in the case of maize, on satisfying domestic demand by supporting large commercial agriculture and importing from abroad. However, and as argued in this paper, obtaining a food staple (maize-tortilla) of quality is also an important issue for rural households and contributes to motivating continued smallholder production. Based on case studies in the rural district of Atlacomulco, in the state of Mexico, as well as in two regions of the state of Chiapas, this paper analyzes the production and consumption strategies of rural households. We focus on goals of food security and quality and note differential trends among households of varying characteristics and local contexts. We find that the motivation of small-scale producers to grow maize should be supported by Mexico’s food policy.  相似文献   

一种具有实用价值的螺旋线     

刘虹霞  欧阳富 《吉林林学院学报》1997,13(4):219-222

介绍了一条新型螺旋线，该线有理论推导，可广泛应用于通风机，水泵壳体的型线设计上，有很高的实用价值。该螺旋线能够直接用仪器绘出，可以近似替代其它螺旋线。  相似文献   

Inv(13)(p12 q14)一家系报道     

李露霞  付建华 《新疆农业大学学报》1993,(4)

先证者女汉族24岁,身高1.61米.体重60.1公斤。因连续生两胎畸形儿夭折就诊。第一胎为足月顺产,唇裂、腭裂.双脚各为6趾,50天时因呼吸道感染而死亡。第二胎.足月顺产,体征似第一胎,生下两天死亡。外周血染色体检查,分别计数50个细胞,G 显带分析20个核型均为46,xx.Inv(13)(p12 q14)臂间倒位.患者父亲及其兄长核型与患者相同。其丈夫体征与核型均正常。其姐、妹及母亲因居住内地未查,患者哥及姐所生子女表形均无异常。  相似文献   

Action research on alternative land tenure arrangements in Wenchi,Ghana: learning from ambiguous social dynamics and self-organized institutional innovation     

Samuel Adjei-Nsiah  Cees Leeuwis  Ken E. Giller  Thom W. Kuyper 《Agriculture and Human Values》2008,25(3):389-403

This study reports on action research efforts that were aimed at developing institutional arrangements beneficial for soil fertility improvement. Three stages of action research are described and analyzed. We initially began by bringing stakeholders together in a platform to engage in a collaborative design of new arrangements. However, this effort was stymied mainly because conditions conducive for learning and negotiation were lacking. We then proceeded to support experimentation with alternative arrangements initiated by individual landowners and migrant farmers. The implementation of these arrangements too ran into difficulties due to intra-family dynamics and ambiguities regarding land tenure. Further investigations to find out how ambiguities could be tackled revealed that the local actors themselves had taken initiatives towards developing institutional innovations to reduce ambiguities. However, there is still considerable scope for further development of these self-organized innovations. The article ends with a reflection on inter-disciplinary action research, where it is argued that making “mistakes” is an inherent and necessary characteristic in action research that aims to address complex social issues.

Samuel Adjei-NsiahEmail:

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