Intake and ingestive behavior of lambs fed diets containing ammoniated buffel grass hay     

Alexandre Fernandes Perazzo  Sansão de Paula Homem Neto  Ossival Lolato Ribeiro  Edson Mauro Santos  Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho  Juliana Silva de Oliveira  Higor Fábio Carvalho Bezerra  Fleming Sena Campos  José Esler de Freitas Junior 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(4):717-724

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diets with ammoniated buffel grass hay on the ingestive behavior of feedlot lambs. Thirty-two sheep of no defined breed with an average body weight of 17.7?±?1.8 kg were used. A completely randomized design with four treatments (0, 18, 36, and 54 g/kg dry matter (DM) basis) and eight repetitions was used. Ingestive behavior, rumination, and idle time were similar (P?>?0.05) among the diets containing ammoniated buffel grass hay, with mean values of 294.5, 554.44, and 594.25 min per day, respectively. Regarding the chews, all of the variables resulted in similar behavior (P?>?0.05). The quadratic effect (P?<?0.05) observed for daily intake can be explained based on the amount of DM and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) per meal per rumination. There was no effect of urea levels from the ammoniation (P?>?0.05) on the efficiency of DM and NDF consumption. However, the rumination efficiency of DM and NDF showed a quadratic effect (P?<?0.05). Thus, the use of ammoniated buffel grass hay with urea in lamb diet affects the ingestive behavior by increasing the rumination efficiency, increased intake, and feed utilization.  相似文献   

Comparison of Preoperative Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Assessment of Deep Pain Perception as Prognostic Tools for Early Recovery of Motor Function in Paraplegic Dogs with Intervertebral Disk Herniations          下载免费PDF全文

A. Wang‐Leandro  J.S. Siedenburg  M.K. Hobert  P. Dziallas  K. Rohn  V.M. Stein  A. Tipold 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2017,31(3):842-848

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Quantitative trait loci associated with trichomes in the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Solanum galapagense</Emphasis> accession LA1401     

Marcela Carvalho Andrade  Alex Antônio da Silva  Regis de Castro Carvalho  Juliana de Andrade Santiago  Alisson Marcel Souza de Oliveira  David Merrill Francis  Wilson Roberto Maluf 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2018,65(6):1671-1685

Pest resistance in Solanum galapagense has been associated with the presence of type IV glandular trichomes and allelochemicals. Knowledge of the genetic factors involved in determining the presence and type of trichomes may assist in the process of gene introgression for development of pest resistant tomato cultivars. In this study, we sought to identify QTLs associated with the presence of type IV trichomes in an F₂ population derived from the interspecific cross of Solanum lycopersicum TOM-684?×?S. galapagense accession LA1401. Two QTLs contributing to type IV trichome occurrence and density were detected, one major QTL (gal.IV-2), responsible for 35.22% of phenotypic variation, was located on chromosome 2. The other QTL (gal.IV-3) was located on chromosome 3, and explained 23.35% of the phenotypic variation in the F₂ population. These QTLs were responsible for 26.44 and 3.37% of the variation observed in a progeny derived from a backcross to TOM-684. The same QTLs were also associated with type II?+?III non-glandular trichomes, whose densities were negatively correlated to those of type IV trichomes, suggesting that the loci found may have pleiotropic effects for high type IV/low type II?+?III trichome densities. Our results indicate that the inheritance for type IV trichomes can be explained by a few genetic factors affecting the presence of a gland and the density of trichomes. These results further suggest a revision to trichome classification used for tomato may be appropriate.  相似文献   

Maize diversity in southern Brazil: indication of a microcenter of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Zea mays</Emphasis> L.     

Flaviane Malaquias Costa  Natália Carolina de Almeida Silva  Juliana Bernardi Ogliari 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2017,64(4):681-700

‘Microcenters of diversity’ are restricted geographical areas within which a significant diversity of genetic resources is accumulated. Maize genetic variability, one of the largest among cultivated species, particularly in far western Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, has shown a rich store of landraces, conserved on farm by small-scale farmers. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the diversity of Zea mays L. landraces in two municipalities of this micro-region in Santa Catarina, as well as its geographic distribution, developing the census of diversity as a methodological proposal. Diagnosis was made according to the farmers’ knowledge. The field survey was conducted in 70 rural communities involving 2049 farms. The methodology allowed identifying 136 populations of wild relatives, of which some belong to the species Zea luxurians (Durieu and Ascherson) Bird, and 1513 populations of maize landraces, comprising 1078 of popcorn, 337 of common maize, 61 of sweet maize and 37 of flour maize. The identification of 59 morphological groups, the high use, adaptive and agronomic values, and the Shannon index (H′), estimated according to the grain shape (0.79), endosperm type (0.73), size (0.87), color (1.40), and morphological group (3.16), showed at set a considerable diversity distribution conserved on farm in this micro-region. Landrace richness and the presence of wild relative species, associated with the local human activity and sociocultural aspects, allowed to characterize the far western Santa Catarina as a ‘microcenter of diversity’ of Zea mays L.  相似文献   

猪回肠表观、真、标准氨基酸消化的定义     

刘蓓一  施寿荣  于古月  H.H.Stein 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2007,27(6):13-15

猪回肠消化率(Ileal digestibility,ID)的测定常用来评估饲料原料中氨基酸(AA)的生物利用率。回肠消化率可以用回肠表观消化率(Apparent ileal digestibility,AID)、回肠标准消化率(Standardized ileal digestibility,SID)、回肠真消化率(True ileal digestibility,TID)来表示。AID值可通过日粮氨基酸摄入量减去总回肠氨基酸流失物(氨基酸内源性损失总量(IAAend)和未消化的日粮氨基酸)得到。氨基酸内源性损失(IAAend)可分为基础损失和特定损失,前者不受日粮组成的影响,后者会受饲料原料特性(如抗营养因子和日粮纤维含量)的影响。如果用总IAAend校正AID值,那么就得到TID值。AID值在饲料配方中不具有可加性,但可通过用基础IAAend值校正AID值得到克服,校正后的AID值即为SID值。如非有可靠方法可进行特定IAAend的常规测定,在进行饲料配制时一般建议使用SID值。最好在消化实验中测定基础IAAend并且用SID值反映出这些损失。  相似文献   

Demixing in Wheat Doughs—Its Influence on Dough and Gluten Rheology     

R. Kieffer  N. Stein 《Cereal Chemistry》1999,76(5):688-693

Reshaping of relaxed wheat doughs leads to an increase in firmness that significantly changes the results of rheological measurements involving large uniaxial deformations of the dough, whereas the gluten properties remain unaffected. Microscopic investigations reveal that directly after kneading, starch and gluten are thoroughly mixed. However, the shaping procedure of a relaxed dough or shear-flow during rheological measurements cause a separation of gluten and starch. The dilatant behavior of the starch granules and the capacity of gluten to aggregate account for the observed dough-hardening.  相似文献