Technical efficiency in tilapia farming of Bangladesh: a stochastic frontier production approach     

Md. Ferdous Alam  Md. Akhtaruzzaman Khan  A. S. M. Anwarul Huq 《Aquaculture International》2012,20(4):619-634

Genetically improved farmed tilapia is increasingly getting popular in Bangladesh. It has high production potential. Its dominant production technology ranges from extensive to improved extensive particularly in the rural areas. This study estimates levels and determinants of farm-level technical efficiency of tilapia farmers of Bangladesh using stochastic frontier production function involving a model for technical inefficiency effects. Data from fifty tilapia farmers of Jessore district are used in the analysis. The mean technical efficiency level of the tilapia farmers is 78%, and thus, the farmers operate 22% below the frontier production. Inefficiency effect is significant, and age, education, income, culture length, pond age, pond depth, water colour and pond tenure, as a group, are significant determinants of technical inefficiency. By operating at full technical efficiency levels, tilapia yield can be improved from the current level of 7.36–8.96?tons per hectare. The decision to add or not to add inputs is sometimes taken arbitrarily and not based on technology requirement. There is a lack of understanding of the technology practices. Fisheries extension efforts are required for proper understanding of the technology practices, further adoption and spread. For promotion of tilapia production, quality feed and seed at affordable price needs to be ensured.  相似文献   

Analysis of rice RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (OsRDR6) gene in response to viral,bacterial and fungal pathogens     

S. G. Wagh  M. M. Alam  K. Kobayashi  T. Yaeno  N. Yamaoka  T. Toriba  H.-Y. Hirano  M. Nishiguchi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2016,82(1):12-17

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Nitrogen transformation and carbon sequestration in wetland paddy field of Bangladesh     

Alam  Md. Ashraful  Rahman  Md. Mizanur  Biswas  Jatish Chandra  Akhter  Sohela  Maniruzzaman  M.  Choudhury  Apurba Kanti  Jahan  M. Abu Hena Sorwar  Miah  Md. Main Uddin  Sen  Ranjit  Kamal  M. Zia Uddin  Mannan  Md. Abdul  Shiragi  Humayun Kabir  Kabir  Wais  Kalra  Naveen 《Paddy and Water Environment》2019,17(4):677-688

Paddy and Water Environment - Rice-based cropping systems in Bangladesh have received little consideration of changing nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) in soil. Therefore, this study was conducted at...  相似文献   

Breeding for pre-harvest sprouting resistance in bread wheat under rainfed conditions     

Muhammad ZEESHAN  Waheed ARSHAD  Muhammad Imran KHAN  Shiraz ALI  Ali NAWAZ  Amina BATOOL  Muhammad TARIQ  Muhammad Imran AKRAM  Muhammad Amjad ALI 《农业科学与工程前沿(英文版)》2018,5(2):253

Pre-harvest sprouting in wheat is the germination of seeds within the spikes when rains occur after or during grain ripening, which occurs commonly in the barani tract of Pakistan. Therefore, 10 cultivars and five advanced lines of spring bread wheat were evaluated for pre-harvest sprouting resistance. After natural rainfall, seeds were immediately collected from the wet spikes and tested for germinating ability. Three different germination tests were applied to hand-threshed seed: (1) spikes threshed on the day of sampling and germination tested immediately, (2) spikes threshed on the day of sampling and germination tested 1 week later, and (3) spikes threshed 1 week after sampling and germination test immediately after threshing. Seeds and spikes kept for 1 week were place on blotting paper at room temperature. Cultivars BARS-09, 09FJ17, Doukkala-12, NARC-09 and Ouassou-20 exhibited higher sprouting resistance while other genotypes were susceptible to pre-harvest sprouting in each of the three tests. A diallel crossing was conducted with six susceptible and two resistant genotypes to assess the genetic behavior of pre-harvest sprouting resistance. The combining ability (CA) demonstrated a higher proportion of additive genetic effects for sprouting resistance, because of higher variance of general and specific CA for both parameters under study. Doukkala-12 and BARS-09 showed increased pre-harvest sprouting resistance in their F₁ descendants.  相似文献   

Antibody Prevalence and Risk Factors for Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Women from Multan,Pakistan          下载免费PDF全文

M. M. Nazir  M. Akhtar  A. Maqbool  A. Waheed  M. A. Sajid  M. A. Ali  M. Oneeb  M. A. Alam  A. N. Ahmad  N. Nazir  S. Fatima  D. S. Lindsay 《Zoonoses and public health》2017,64(7):537-542

Toxoplasma gondii infections are prevalent in humans and warm‐blooded animals. Maternal infections during pregnancy may have devastating consequences for transplacentally infected neonates. This study was conducted to examine the seroprevalence of antibodies to T. gondii in pregnant women of childbearing age and determine risk factors associated with pregnancy history, pet ownership, social and cultural factors at Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Samples were collected from 403 women and examined using a commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The overall prevalence of antibodies to T. gondii was 17.6% (71) in the 403 samples collected from women. Antibodies to T. gondii were present in 19.4% (45) of 232 pregnant women and 15.2% (26) of the samples from 171 non‐pregnant women. This study identified miscarriage history, pet ownership, type of residence, marital status, source of drinking water and eating habits as significant (P < 0.05) risk factors associated with the presence of antibodies to T. gondii infection. Seroprevalence was not significantly different (P > 0.05) in women from different ethnic groups based upon lifestyle and culture.  相似文献   

Assaying the allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in a nursery bed incorporated with leaf litter     

Romel Ahmed  Mohammad Shafioul Alam  Farid Uddin Ahmed  M.K.Hossain 《林业研究》2018,(3)

Allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. were confirmed in Petri dish and pot experiments in our previous studies. However, the degree to which such effects under controlled experiments exist in more complex ecological settings remains to be tested. Thus, the present study was carried out by incorporating different proportions of ground litter of E. camaldulensis in soil. The growth of three agricultural crops: falen(Vigna unguiculata(L.) Walp.), chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.), and arhor(Cajanus cajan(L.) Millsp.), and two tree species, kala koroi(Albizia procera(Roxb.) Benth.) and ipil ipil(Leucaena leucocephala(Lam.) de Wit) were tested. There were inhibitory effects of leaf litter on germination, shoot and root growth, leaf number, and collar diameter as well as a reduction of nodulation by legume crops(25–80%reduction). The extent of the effects was dependent on the proportion of leaf litter, the species and the type of traits. In contrast to shoot growth, the effect on root growth was more severe. No effect on germination was found with the agriculture crops while the two tree species showed reduced germination. The effect was greater in the presence of higher proportions of leaf litter mixed in soil while in some cases lower proportions stimulated growth. Not all species were suppressed; A. procera, C. cajan, V. unguiculata showed compatible growth while C. arietinum and L.leucocephala were found incompatible. This study provides evidence that E. camaldulensis has allelopathic potential under field conditions and a careful selection of associated crops in agroforestry systems is highly recommended.  相似文献   

Breeding for drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): constraints and future prospects     

Mueen Alam Khan  Muhammad Iqbal 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2011,5(1):31-34

This review article is based on different aspects of wheat breeding for drought tolerance. Drought is regarded as one of the most serious threats to agriculture in Pakistan. Therefore, breeding for drought tolerance must be given top priority. Here, we try to study various options available to wheat breeders exploring the underlying mechanisms of drought tolerance. The progress made in conventional and non-conventional (molecular) based approaches with potential findings and constraints are reviewed in this article. Equipped with such information, it will be possible for breeders to further explore the mysteries of drought tolerance and to select genotypes with an improved yield under water-deficit conditions.  相似文献   

Morphological and Genetical Variability among Rhizoctonia solani Isolates Causing Sheath Blight Disease of Rice     

Rahman Moni Zakiah  Ansar Ali Md  Shahidul Alam Md  Asif Rahman Md  Rejwan Bhuiyan Md  Salim Mian Md  Md Iftekharuddaula Khandakar  Abdul Latif Md  Ashik Iqbal Khan Mohammad 《水稻科学》2016,23(1):42

Eighteen isolates of Rhizoctonia solani collected from infected rice plants in four different locations of Bangladesh were studied by using morphological characters and molecular markers. Anastomosis study with a reference isolate confirmed that all the isolates belonged to R. solani. Significant variation was observed in sclerotial size, shape and distribution. Un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram constructed based on the Gower's general similarity coefficient showed that these isolates were grouped into four clusters at the 0.68 similarity coefficent according to morphological characters. Cluster I was a major cluster consisting of 13 isolates, while clusters Ⅱ to Ⅳ consisted of 1 or 2 isolates. Analyses by variable number of tandem repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers showed that the isolates were grouped into five and three clusters at a similarity coefficient of 0.64 and 0.69, respectively. Although most of the variability was found between isolates from different regions as expected, significant variation was observed within the isolates collected from similar agro-ecological regions. Our results suggest the presence of different races of R. solani within the same local geographic regions.  相似文献   

Finding heterosis for fiber traits in intervarietal crosses of cotton, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gossypium hirsutum</Emphasis> L.     

Mueen Alam Khan  Muhammad Iqbal  Moazzam Jamil 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2010,4(2):185-187

Raising yield and fiber quality of cotton through heterosis (hybrid vigor) has been an objective of plant breeders and scientists. Heterosis over mid parent for fiber-related traits was calculated in three crosses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) involving five cotton varieties, viz., CIM 506, CIM 702, CIM 443, FH 1000 and CIM 1100 being commercially grown in Pakistan. Heterosis was observed for all four characters. The cross CIM 443 × CIM 1100 showed maximum positive heterosis (8.57%) for ginning outturn (GOT) (%) followed by fineness (7.81%) and staple length (1.01%). Therefore, the cross CIM 506 × CIM 1100 appeared to be promising for providing potential breeding materials for further commercial exploitation of heterosis in Pakistan, and heterosis breeding has a great potential for increasing stagnant cotton yields around the world.  相似文献   

Effect of Different Dietary Protein and Lipid Levels on Growth Performance and Body Composition of Juvenile Southern Flounder,Paralichthys lethostigma,Reared in a Recirculating Aquaculture System     

Md. Shah Alam  Wade O. Watanabe  Harry V. Daniels 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2009,40(4):513-521

The effects of six formulated diets containing different protein and lipid levels on growth performance and body composition of juvenile southern flounder were evaluated. Test diets were prepared with a combination of three crude protein (CP) levels (45, 50 and 55%) and two crude lipid (CL) levels (10 and 15%). Diets (CP/CL) were as follows: 45/10, 45/15, 50/10, 50/15, 55/10, 55/15 and a commercial diet (50/15). Southern flounder (1.10 g) were fed the respective diets for 42 d in triplicate recirculating tanks (20 fish/tank). Percent body weight gain (BWG) for fish fed diet 45/10 (413%) and the commercial diet (426%) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than fish fed other diets (823–837%). Increasing protein level from 45 to 50% produced a significant increase in BWG for the 10% lipid diet (823%) but further increasing protein did not produce a significant effect on BWG irrespective of dietary lipid levels. Specific growth rate (SGR), feed intake, feed conversion efficiency (FCE), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and total lipid content in the whole body were significantly affected by different dietary protein and lipid levels. Results indicated that a combination of 50% protein and 10% lipid was optimal for the growth performance of southern flounder juveniles.  相似文献