Study of the Effect of Saline Solution on the Extraction of the Moringa oleifera Seed’s Active Component for Water Treatment     

Grasiele Scaramal Madrona  Geovanna Bordini Serpelloni  Angélica Marquetotti Salcedo Vieira  Letícia Nishi  Karina Cordeiro Cardoso  Rosângela Bergamasco 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,211(1-4):409-415

Several coagulants/flocculants have been studied in order to remove the color and turbidity of raw water, employing natural ones demonstrated advantages in relation to chemicals. Moringa oleifera Lam is a natural polymer that has been gaining prominence in water treatment. It acts as a clarifying agent, providing a cationic protein that destabilizes the particles contained in a liquid medium. The main objective of the present work is to study the efficiency in terms of removing color and turbidity of raw water in order to obtain drinking water. For this purpose, different coagulant solutions were obtained utilizing three solutions of KCl in different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, and 1 M) and pure water combined with M. oleifera Lam seed. Each coagulant solution obtained was studied with concentrations ranging from 50 to 600 ppm of Moringa in solution. The pH was varied (4.0, 6.0, and 8.0) with 25% and 50% sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl), respectively. The tests were conducted with the “Jar Test Device” and the efficiency of the process was evaluated regarding the reduction of color and turbidity. The best results were found employing the coagulant solutions extracted with 1 M salt solution, pH 8.0, and different concentrations of coagulant solution. It is important to explain that the best results were in various concentration ranges, as the concentration of protein in solution becomes higher, the greater is its power as a coagulant. The lowest content of protein was found in the solution extracted with water, which consequently had the lowest values of color and turbidity removal.  相似文献   

Fatal anemia and dermatitis in captive agoutis (Dasyprocta mexicana) infested with Echidnophaga fleas     

Cucchi-Stefanoni K  Juan-Sallés C  Parás A  Garner MM 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,155(3-4):336-339

Two captive agoutis (Dasyprocta mexicana) died of anemia with centrilobular hepatocellular necrosis (2/2), severe flea ectoparasitism (2/2), and cardiomegaly attributed to anemia (1/2). Other agoutis were similarly parasitized and one had anemia. Fleas were manually removed and all agoutis treated topically with propoxur and selamectin and moved to another enclosure. No additional cases of fatal anemia were seen. Cutaneous lesions suggestive of hypersensitivity were observed in three additional agoutis with dorsal alopecia (3/3), a penetrating wound associated with pruritus and self-mutilation in the flank (2/3), flea ectoparasitism at the time of morphologic diagnosis (1/3), and hyperplastic perivascular dermatitis (3/3). One of these died of bacterial infection of the wound. Similar but milder skin disease was seen in 3 out of over 30 maras (Dolichotis patagonum) housed in the same exhibit. Fleas collected from all the fatal agouti cases and maras were classified in the genus Echidnophaga based on the angular front margin of head, contracted thorax, absence of genal and pronotal combs, and the fact that fleas did not jump. These findings suggest that flea ectoparasitism may be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in captive rodents.  相似文献   

Exposure to cyantraniliprole causes mortality and disturbs behavioral and respiratory responses in the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei)     

Angelica Plata‐Rueda  Luis Carlos Martínez  Brenda Karina R Da Silva  Jos C Zanuncio  Maria Elisa de S Fernandes  Raul Narciso C Guedes  Flvio L Fernandes 《Pest management science》2019,75(8):2236-2241

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Errata     

Kell Kristiansen  Lars P. Christensen  Yurong Chen  Edward O. Kenaschuk  J. Doug Procunier 《Euphytica》1998,104(2):141-142

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Plant Extracts of Winter Savory, Purple Coneflower, Buckwheat and Black Elder Activate PPAR-γ in COS-1 Cells but do not Lower Blood Glucose in Db/db Mice In vivo     

Eva Schrader  Silvia Wein  Karsten Kristiansen  Lars P. Christensen  Gerald Rimbach  Siegfried Wolffram 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(4):377-383

The aim of this study was to investigate possible blood glucose-lowering effects of plant extracts in vivo for which prior to this a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ activity in vitro was observed. The ability of extracts of winter savory, purple coneflower, buckwheat and black elder to dose-dependently activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ was determined in a reporter gene assay in COS-1 cells. For evaluation of glucose-lowering effects in vivo, db/db mice were fed a diet containing either rosiglitazone (0.02 g/kg diet, positive control) or one of the plant extracts (0.1 and 1 g/kg diet) for four weeks. Apart from glucose, insulin, triacylglycerols, non-esterified fatty acids, cholesterol and adiponectin were determined in plasma. All plant extracts showed a dose-dependent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ-activating effect in vitro. In db/db mice none of the plant extracts exerted glucose-lowering effects at the used dosages compared to rosiglitazone. Non-esterified fatty acids, triacylglycerols, cholesterol, insulin and adiponectin in plasma were not altered by the plant extracts as well. Although dose-dependent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ activity could be shown in COS-1 cells, the experiments in db/db mice lacked to confirm any anti-diabetic effect of the plant extracts in vivo and emphasizes the importance of verifying cell culture data using an appropriate in vivo model.  相似文献   

Effect of Marcela Extract (Achyroclines satureiodes) on the Shelf Life of Minced Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Sausages     

Silvério Nepomuceno de Lima  Cintia Cristina de Oliveira  Edevane Alves Castilho  Karina Aparecida Damasceno  Patrícia Leal de Almeida  Simone Cristina de Oliveira 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(2):140-147

The effect of marcela extract (ME) on the shelf life of minced tilapia sausages was evaluated in this study. The level of phenolic compounds in the ME was 114.1 ± 2.9 mg GAE/g extract, and the DPPH free radical scavenging activity was 94.95 ± 1.34%. The ME protected the samples from color changes during storage. The addition of 0.5 and 0.75% ME significantly decreased lipid oxidation and microbial growth. The ME did not impact the sausages’ sensory quality, and the addition of 0.75% prevented sensory rejection during storage.  相似文献   

Behaviour of European sea bass,Dicentrarchus labrax L., in cages – impact of early life rearing conditions and management     

Nikos Papandroulakis  Konstandia Lika  Tore S Kristiansen  Frode Oppedal  Pascal Divanach  Michael Pavlidis 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(9):1545-1558

European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L., groups reared under different conditions during larval stages (mesocosm and intensive rearing) were monitored during on‐growing in sea cages until marketable size (350–400 g). Four caged groups were followed for a period of 17 months each at a pilot scale farm, where vertical distribution behaviour was monitored. This was performed while fish were under calm conditions, during feeding and when stress events occurred. Also during two specific periods: (i) spawning and (ii) high water temperature. Clear differences in the behavioural pattern of swimming depth, displacement and used space between the groups were observed. The individuals from the mesocosm rearing were more sensitive to human presence, showing stronger reactions (speed of displacement and vertical distribution). Most pronounced differences were observed during the ‘extreme’ warm period and the reproductive season. Within the seasons, European sea bass responded during feeding and stress showing a tendency to move deeper compared to calm conditions. The increased displacements were longer during feeding and stress.  相似文献   

An extender solution for the short‐term storage of Litopenaeus vannamei sperm to be used in artificial insemination     

Karina Morales‐Ueno  Hugo H Montaldo  Alfonso Martínez Ortega  Carmen G Paniagua‐Chávez  Héctor Castillo‐Juárez 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(8):1254-1258

Some shrimp hatcheries use artificial insemination (AI) to improve the male to female ratio in their breeding populations. We describe a sperm extender solution, which allows the short‐term storage of diluted sperm in Litopenaeus vannamei, and its use in an artificial insemination process. We also evaluate its fertilization capacity. An AI experiment was designed using two, one, or half spermatophore segments. We tested four treatments involving three different male:female ratios: Natural mating (1:1), Regular and Regular diluted (1:2) and Half diluted (1:4). Data analysis revealed that the number of nauplii produced per mating was affected by treatment, with Regular (158 420) performing better than Half diluted (112 864) (P < 0.05), but with no differences between the latter and Regular diluted (130 340) (P > 0.05). A binomial variable named female success (FS) was defined as successful when the number of nauplii obtained per mate was ≥25 000. Analysis showed differences for FS across treatments (P < 0.001), but not between Regular (79.2%), the hatchery conventional AI technique and Half diluted (60.4%), maybe due to sample size. Since the number of nauplii per mate is crucial to consider AI successful, it is necessary to improve this AI technique before it can be used in the shrimp industry.  相似文献   

Eimeria infection of angora goats     

A F Korkin  A D Bakaeva  R A Karina  Z G Serova 《Veterinariia》1979,(12):42-43

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Heart structure and coronary blood supply of the Giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)     

Nathany Ribeiro Lima dos Santos  Edson José Benetti  Kleber Mirallia de Oliveira  Max Vinicius Malmann Medeiros  Karina Simões 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(1):15-22

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