Paleontology. The feeding habits of ammonites     

Tanabe K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6013):37-38

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A new rapid and accurate method for the determination of carbon in soils     

Jiro Kosaka  Chikafumi Honda  Akira Iseki 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):77-83

The most reliable method for determining carbon in soils is the dry combustion method, the technique of which was established for the first time by JUSTUS von LIEBIG in 1831 and for nearly a century his combustion technique, essentially unmodified save for improvements in materials, constituted the standard method for determination of carbon and hydrogen. PREGL (1), in his publication on organic microanalyses in 1916, reported an excellent method in which a carbon determination could be carried out in an hour with a sample of only a few milligrams. After that, his method was improved in many respects by many investigators (2,3). Since these methods require, however, both complicated and expensive apparatus as well as trained personnel and are time-consuming, they are not considered to be suitable for practical use in soil research laboratories at all.  相似文献   

抗虫水稻品种上饲养的白背飞虱种群的致害性变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈君辉  王燕  寒川一成  服部诚  刘光杰 《中国水稻科学》2003,17(Z1):84-88

采用分别带有抗白背飞虱基因Wbph2和Wbph5的水稻品种ARC10239(ARC)和N'Diang(ND)作为选择寄主,获得第15代种群(ARC种群和ND种群),对这两个种群进行致害性检测.设RHT和TN1为抗感虫对照.结果表明这两个种群在其相应的寄主品种上分泌唾液和X波持续时间较短,而取食韧皮部的时间较长.ARC种群和ND种群分别在其相应的寄主品种和TN1上分泌的蜜露量没有显著差异,且明显大于其在RHT上分泌的蜜露量.在寄主品种和TN1上的产卵量明显高于RHT,发育卵率没有显著差异.ND种群在其寄主品种上的若虫存活率为45.0%,介于TN1(71.4%)和RHT(21.0%)之间,并与它们存在显著差异,ARC种群在其寄主品种上的若虫存活率为68.3%,与它在TN1上(77.5%)的若虫存活率之间没有显著差异,且明显高于RHT(22.6%).这两个种群若虫发育历期在其各自的选择寄主与TN1之间没有显著差异,且明显短于其在RHT上的发育历期.因此,这两个种群在取食和产卵方面已基本适应其相应的选择寄主品种,但ND种群的若虫存活率还较低.  相似文献   

Two histone marks establish the inner centromere and chromosome bi-orientation     

Yamagishi Y  Honda T  Tanno Y  Watanabe Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6001):239-243

For proper partitioning of chromosomes in mitosis, the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) including Aurora B and survivin must be localized at the center of paired kinetochores, at the site called the inner centromere. It is largely unknown what defines the inner centromere and how the CPC is targeted to this site. Here, we show that the phosphorylation of histone H3-threonine 3 (H3-pT3) mediated by Haspin cooperates with Bub1-mediated histone 2A-serine 121 (H2A-S121) phosphorylation in targeting the CPC to the inner centromere in fission yeast and human cells. H3-pT3 promotes nucleosome binding of survivin, whereas phosphorylated H2A-S121 facilitates the binding of shugoshin, the centromeric CPC adaptor. Haspin colocalizes with cohesin by associating with Pds5, whereas Bub1 localizes at kinetochores. Thus, the inner centromere is defined by intersection of two histone kinases.  相似文献   

Slow earthquakes linked along dip in the Nankai subduction zone     

Hirose H  Asano Y  Obara K  Kimura T  Matsuzawa T  Tanaka S  Maeda T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6010):1502

We identified a strong temporal correlation between three distinct types of slow earthquakes distributed over 100 kilometers along the dip of the subducting oceanic plate at the western margin of the Nankai megathrust rupture zone, southwest Japan. In 2003 and 2010, shallow very-low-frequency earthquakes near the Nankai trough as well as nonvolcanic tremor at depths of 30 to 40 kilometers were triggered by the acceleration of a long-term slow slip event in between. This correlation suggests that the slow slip might extend along-dip between the source areas of deeper and shallower slow earthquakes and thus could modulate the stress buildup on the adjacent megathrust rupture zone.  相似文献   

Sampling method for estimating neutral allele frequency in a pedigreed population     

Honda T  Sasazaki S  Oyama K  Mukai F  Nomura T 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2012,129(3):226-233

The estimated allele frequency at neutral DNA marker loci is a fundamental parameter for establishing a conservation scheme for a set of livestock breeds. In this study, we propose a novel 'minimum distance (MD) method' for estimating neutral allele frequencies, which minimizes the error by the use of pedigree information. Using computer simulation and actual microsatellite data for a pedigreed cattle population, the performance of the proposed method was compared with that of conventional random sampling (RND). MD manifests a promising superiority to RND, irrespective of the sample size and the depth of pedigree. It is theoretically demonstrated that the error of the estimates depends on both the sample size and the distance of founder allele frequencies between the sampled and the non-sampled individuals. MD samples individuals so as to minimize the latter source of estimation error.  相似文献   

Proteolytic digestive enzyme response in Japanese flounder larvae <Emphasis Type="Italic">Paralichthys olivaceus</Emphasis> fed two types of rotifers <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brachionus plicatilis</Emphasis> species complex     

Viliame Waqalevu  Akinobu Honda  Hideaki Matsui  Kazuhiro Shiozaki  Tomonari Kotani 《Fisheries Science》2018,84(6):1037-1049

Two common live feeds, the Brachionus plicatilis species complex SS-type and L-type were used to assess whether there were any differences in protein hydrolysis and digestive trypsin activity in first feeding Japanese flounder. There were no significant differences in hydrolysis activity at 2, 3 and 7 days after hatching (DAH). At 5 DAH, hydrolysis activity was significantly higher in larvae fed SS-type (p?<?0.05) at 50 kDa in 1.5- and 3-h incubation whereas L-type treatment had not completely hydrolyzed the proteins after 3 h at the same molecular weight. Larvae fed SS-type had significantly higher (p?<?0.05) trypsin activity at 3, 5, 6, 7 DAH. Contribution of live prey to trypsin fraction in larvae showed significantly higher (p?<?0.05) fraction for SS-type at 5 DAH (2.18?±?0.44%) and 6 DAH (2.04?±?0.29%) and the effect of exogenous trypsin from live prey was relatively low when compared to the total trypsin activity in larvae. This study discusses the differences in ability to digest proteins in Japanese flounder when fed different rotifer morphotypes and highlights the adaptability of this species to alternative rotifer morphotypes during its early developmental stages.  相似文献   

Serum C-reactive protein and immune responses in dogs inoculated withBordetella bronchiseptica (phase I cells)     

S. Yamamoto  T. Shida  M. Honda  Y. Ashida  Y. Rikihisa  M. Odakura  S. Hayashi  M. Nomura  Y. Isayama 《Veterinary research communications》1994,18(5):347-357

Eight Beagle dogs were inoculated intrabronchially with 5×10⁹ live, avirulent cells ofBordetella bronchiseptica L-414 strain (phase I cells) (B. bronchiseptica) to investigate the serum levels of their C-reactive protein, the white blood cell counts, the antibody responses toB. bronchiseptica in the sera and tracheal secretions, and the effects of prednisolone given to four of the dogs on C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cells (WBC) and immune responses. In two Beagle dogs inoculated intrabronchially with sterile physiological saline, the concentrations of CRP and the WBC counts did not increase. CRP was markedly increased one day after inoculation in the dogs inoculated withB. bronchiseptica to 385.0–720.0 µg/ml (mean 498±132 µg/ml) in the group given theB. bronchiseptica inoculation only, and to 372.0–649.0 µg/ml (mean 551±106 µg/ml) in the group treated with prednisolone following inoculation ofB. bronchiseptica, as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The CRP levels were 23–95 times the pre-inoculation values, which indicated that prednisolone had no effect on the production of CRP. In the prednisolone-treated group, the WBC count increased and stayed at an increased level for approximately 12 days. An indirect fluorescent antibody test led to the detection of anti-B. bronchiseptica IgM and IgG antibodies in the sera from 5 days afterB. bronchiseptica inoculation and S-IgA and IgG anti-B. bronchiseptica antibodies in the tracheal secretions on the day after the challenge exposure toB. bronchiseptica. The increase in CRP after challenge exposure toB. bronchiseptica was significantly (p<0.05) smaller than that found after the first inoculation ofB. bronchiseptica.Abbreviations CRP C-reactive protein - ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay - FHA filamentous haemagglutinin - IFA indirect fluorescent antibody - WBC white blood cell(s)  相似文献   

The multiplication of transmissible gastroenteritis viruses in several cell lines originated from porcine kidney and effects of trypsin on the growth of the viruses   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E Honda  H Takahashi  K Okazaki  T Minetoma  T Kumagai 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1990,52(2):217-224

Plaque formation, replication and related cytopathic function of 9 strains of transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus were examined in primary cells and cell lines such as CPK, IB-RS-2, ESK, and PK-15 originated from porcine kidney and the effects of trypsin on the replication of TGE virus were examined in CPK cells. All strains produced a cytopathic effect and grew well in CPK cells as well as in primary porcine kidney cells. The effect of trypsin on the plaque formation was different from strains. The number of plaques produced by strains TO-163, Ukiha and Niigata increased from 2.6 to 3.52 times when trypsin was present in the medium during incubation at 37 degrees C for 1 hr after adsorption of the virus at 4 degrees C for 2 hr. The plaque sizes of TO-163, h-5, Ukiha and Niigata became larger from 1.4 to 1.7 times, when trypsin was present in the agar MEM overlay.  相似文献   

Attachment of Corynebacterium renale to tissue culture cells by the pili.     

E Honda  R Yanagawa 《American journal of veterinary research》1975,36(11):1663-1666

One or more cells of Corynebacterium renale strains (serologic types, I, II and III), which possessed numerous pili, frequently were attached to BHK-21 cells, primary dog kidney cells, and primary rabbit kidney cells. The percentage of the cultured cells to which C renal cells were attached was about 70%. The percentage was less with cells of C renale possessing fewer pili, around 30%. After C renale was treated with the homologous anti-pili serum, the percentage of BHK-21 cells to which bacterial cells were attached was even less (22%). In electron micrographs, the pili of C renale were observed to attach themselves to the membranes of BHK-21 cells. The adhesive property of the pili of C renale to tissue culture cells was thus demonstrated.  相似文献