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31.
L. K. Bharathi Vinod A. D. Munshi T. K. Behera Shanti-Chandrashekaran J. J. Kattukunnel A. B. Das Vishalnath 《Euphytica》2010,176(1):79-85
Teasle gourd [Momordica subangulata Blume subsp. renigera (G. Don) de Wilde, 2n = 56] exhibits morphological characters found in both M. dioica (2n = 28) and M. cochinchinensis (2n = 28). Morphological analysis of M. subangulata subsp. renigera suggests an allopolyploid origin. We present evidence elucidating the genomic relationships between M. dioica, M. cochinchinensis and M. subangulata subsp. renigera. A triploid M. dioica × M. subangulata subsp. renigera hybrid had an average of 12.76 bivalents, 13.84 univalents and 0.88 trivalents at metaphase I, while the M. cochinchinensis × M. subangulata subsp. renigera hybrid had an average of 13.08 bivalents, 12.96 univalents and 0.96 trivalents. F1 hybrids of the two diploid species (M. dioica × M. cochinchinensis) showed an average of 9.12 bivalents and 9.76 univalents, suggesting that the genomes of these species are only partially
homologous. A higher number of bivalents in the triploid hybrids suggests that M. subangulata subsp. renigera is a segmental allopolyploid of M. dioica and M. cochinchinensis and that its genomes have diverged from the parental genomes. 相似文献
32.
Sponge gourd is a popular vegetable grown throughout India. Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, the causal virus of tomato leaf curl disease, has recently been reported to be associated with sponge gourd, causing up
to 100% crop loss under epidemic conditions. We have collected 30 genotypically diverse genotypes of sponge gourd from different
parts of India, screened these for resistance under natural epiphytotic conditions, and then confirmed the results through
challenge inoculation with a purified strain of the virus under insect-proof greenhouse conditions. The minimum vulnerability
index was recorded in genotype DSG-6 (3.33), followed by DSG 7 (6.0) under the challenge (whitefly-populated) inoculation
conditions. Two susceptible genotypes (‘Pusa Sneha’ and NSG-1-11), both possessing desirable fruit characters, were crossed
with the two most promising resistant lines (DSG-6 and DSG-7) and the disease reaction of segregating and backcross generations
studied through challenge inoculation with a purified strain of virus under insect-proof greenhouse conditions. A chi-square
(χ2) test of frequency distribution based on the vulnerability index of the F2 progenies of the two resistant × susceptible crosses revealed monogenic dominant Mendelian ratio 3(R):1(S) to be the best
fit in all crosses. This monogenic dominant model was further confirmed by the 1(R):1(S) ratio found to be best fit for the
test cross with the susceptible parent. These results reveal that resistance to Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus associated with yellow mosaic disease of sponge gourd is controlled by a single dominant gene in the genetic background of
the resistant parents (DSG-6 and DSG-7) and that these two lines can be effectively utilized for the development of high-yielding
and yellow mosaic disease-resistant varieties/hybrids of sponge gourd. This is the first conclusive identification of a resistant
source and the inheritance of resistance against Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus in sponge gourd. 相似文献
33.
Bhanushree Narayanswami Bhoopal Singh Tomar Jameel Akhtar Tusar Kanti Behera Ranjith Kumar Ellur Rama Mithra V. Sevanthi Jaiswal Sarika Partha Saha 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(5):700-710
The present investigation was carried out to decipher inheritance of resistance and to identify linked SSR markers for Phomopsis blight resistance in eggplant. An F2 population comprising 161 plants was developed from the cross of Pusa Kranti and BR-40-7. Genetic analysis was carried out using Chi square test. Artificial inoculation of fruits was carried out using pin prick method, and scoring was done as per the standard scoring scale. The F2 plants segregated into 92 susceptible (77—highly susceptible, 15—susceptible): 69 resistant (17—highly resistant, 27—resistant, 25—moderately resistant) suggesting complimentary epistasis with ratio of 9:7. To identify the putatively linked markers to resistance gene, parental polymorphic markers were subjected to bulk segregant analysis (BSA), and two markers (emk03O04 and emf11A03) could differentiate resistant and susceptible bulk and co-segregated with resistance gene. The genetic distance between the identified markers was found to be 18.12 cM using QTL IciMapping V3.2 software depicting two new QTLs on chromosome number 6. The identified QTLs have great significant importance in marker assisted breeding programme. 相似文献
34.
T.K. Behera S.S. Dey A.D. Munshi Ambika B. Gaikwad Anand Pal Iqbal Singh 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009,120(1):130-133
Gynoecism has been used on a large scale in heterosis breeding of cucumber. Production of hybrid seeds in bitter gourd is highly expensive because it is done mainly through hand pollination. But utilization of a gynoecious line would be more economical and easier method. Since gynoecious parent has only female flowers, the open pollinated seeds it produces will be F1 hybrid. It will reduce the cost of male flower pinching and hand pollination. Two gynoecious lines, DBGY-201 and DBGY-202 were crossed with two monoecious cultivars, “Pusa Do Mausami” and “Pusa Vishesh” and their F2 populations were observed to determine the inheritance pattern of gynoecious sex form. Another experiment was conducted to determine magnitude of heterosis by utilizing nine inbred lines including one gynoecious line, DBGY-201 in diallel (without reciprocal) mating system. All the gynoecious hybrids showed significant heterosis in a desirable direction for traits like sex ratio (male:female), days to first picking, number of fruits per plant, yield per plant, and vine length. The segregation pattern in F2 suggested that gynoecious sex form in bitter gourd was governed by single recessive gene. The gynoecious hybrids DBGY-201 × “Pusa Vishesh” and DBGY-201 × “Pusa Do Mausami” were important for early harvest (～50 days after sowing) whereas DBGY-201 × “Priya” and DBGY-201 × “Arka Harit” were promising for higher yield. 相似文献
35.
3D woven composites provide efficient delamination suppression, enhanced damage tolerance, superior impact, ballistic and blast performance characteristics over 2D fabric laminates. At the same time, this type of composites, having practically straight in-plane fibers, show significantly better in-plane stiffness and strength properties than respective properties of conventional composites. But, how the in-plane elastic and strength characteristics of this type of fabrics compare with respective in-plane properties of equivalent 2D woven fabrics. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental study of the comparison of in-plane tensile, bending, crimp interchange properties of UD, 2D, 3D orthogonal, 3D angle-interlock and 3D warp interlock multi-layer structures woven from E-glass tow. The results depict that the 3D woven fabrics have considerably superior mechanical properties with much lesser crimp compared to 2D fabrics. 相似文献
36.
Shorea robusta Gaertn.f.(Sal)is one of the important timber-yielding plants in India,which dominates the vegetation of Terai landscape of Uttar Pradesh state in India forming various communities based on its associations.The present study deals with delineation,mapping and characterization of various communities of Sal(Shorea robusta)forests in Terai landscape of Uttar Pradesh,India ranging across over 16districts.Field survey and visual interpretation based forest vegetation type classification and mapping was carried out as part of the project entitled‘Biodiversity characterization at landscape level using remote sensing and GIS’.Indian Remote Sensing-P6(Resourcesat-1)Linear Imaging Self Scanner-III satellite data was used during the study.The total area covered by different Sal forests was found to be approximately2256.77 km2.Sal communities were identified and characterized based on their spectral properties,physiognomy and phytosociological characteristics.Following nine Sal communities were identified,delineated and mapped with reasonable accuracy viz.,Chandar,Damar,dry plains,moist plains,western alluvium,western alluvium plains,mixed moist deciduous,mixed dry deciduous and Siwalik.It is evident from the area estimates that mixed moist deciduous Sal is the most dominant community in the region covering around(1613.90 km2),other major communities were found as western alluvium plains Sal(362.44 km2),mixed dry deciduous Sal(362.44 km2)and dry plains Sal(107.71 km2).The Terai landscape of Uttar Pradesh faces tremendous anthropogenic pressure leading to deterioration of the forests.Community level information could be used monitoring the status as well as for micro level conservation and planning of the Sal forests in Terai Landscape of Uttar Pradesh. 相似文献
37.
The present investigation was carried out to assess the erythrocytic oxidative stress indices such as lipid peroxides level
and activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, and some hematological parameters after treatment
of subclinically ketotic lactating cows with antioxidants, vitamin E and selenium, incorporated in conventional treatment
regimen. The study was carried out using lactating cows reared in small dairy herds in and around Bhubaneswar. Out of 250
urine samples examined, 42 cows were diagnosed positive for subclinical ketosis with an overall incidence of 16.8%. Blood
samples were collected on day 0 (before treatment) and treatment was initiated on day 1 and the second sampling was carried
out on day 7. The hematological parameters improved significantly following treatment as compared to pre-treatment level (day
0). A significant (P < 0.05) improvement was observed on day 7 with respect to hemoglobin level (8.66 ± 0.23 vs. 9.12 ± 0.14 gm/dl)
and packed cell volume (29.7 ± 0.56 vs. 31.1 ± 0.50%) in the group given routine treatment along with antioxidants. The comparison
of mean lipid peroxides level before (day 0) and after treatment (day 7) revealed a significant difference in group I (routine
treatment, P < 0.05) and group II (routine treatment plus antioxidants, P < 0.01). The maximum reduction in SOD activity was
recorded in group II animals after treatment with conventional regimes along with supplemented antioxidants (1.29 ± 0.08 against
1.89 ± 0.15 units/ mg of Hb, P < 0.01). The mean value of SOD activity recorded in group III animals kept as non-treated positive
control (PC) on day 7 (2.59 ± 0.14 units/mg of Hb) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the mean level recorded on day
0 (1.91 ± 0.31 units/mg of Hb). An almost similar trend was observed in erythrocytic catalase activity where there was a significant
(P < 0.05) reduction in catalase activity in the group II (RT+A) but there was no significant increase in catalase activity
in non-treated positive control (PC) animals. 相似文献
38.
Xenobiotics-mediated environmental stress is an important determining factor in the maintenance of fish health as fishes are
frequently exposed to such components. Increasing evidences indicate that acute and chronic xenobiotic exposure modulates
ROS production, suppresses immune response and increase the incidence of fish diseases. In the present context an attempt
has been made to study the in vivo effect of different concentrations of CuSO4 (0.5, 1.00 or 2.00 ppm) on lipid peroxidation (an index of oxidative stress) and non enzymatic antioxidant status (glutathione
and Ascorbic acid), in the muscle of a widely consumed freshwater fish Labeo rohita. From the out come of this study it is concluded that comparatively low dose of copper (0.5 ppm) induce mild oxidative stress
in the experimental fish with concomitant elevation of GSH and AsA content of the muscle. However, high concentration of CuSO4 (2.00 ppm) in the ambient water leads to severe oxidative stress manifested in the form of LPX and morphoanatomical alteration. 相似文献
39.
Behera Lalita Mohan Hembram Padmalochan 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2021,24(2):117-126
Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Plant productivity is significantly affected by several environmental stresses. Excess amount of salt in the soil is one of the environmental stresses... 相似文献
40.
We investigated the effects of converting forest to savanna and plough land on the microbial biomass in tropical soils of India. Conversion of the forest led to a significant reduction in soil organic C (40–46%), total N (47–53%), and microbial biomass C (52–58%) in the savanna and the plough land. Among forest, savanna, and plough land, basal soil respiration was maximum in the forest, but the microbial metabolic quotient (qCO2 was estimated to be at a minimum in the forest and at a maximum in the plough land. 相似文献