A comparison of physical properties, oxalate-oxalic acid soluble substances, protein content, and in vitro protein digestibility of the blue-green algaNostoc commune Vauch. from the Philippines and Japan     

Maria Portia P. Briones  Kohji Hori  Milagrosa R. Martinez-Goss  Genji Ishibashi  Takuo Okita 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1997,50(4):287-294

The physical properties, amount of oxalate-oxalic acid soluble substances (OOSS), protein and in vitro protein digestibility ofNostoc commune from the Philippines and Japan were determined. The samples were the spherical type from the Philippines (PS), the dry field discoid type from the Philippines (PD), and the dry field discoid type from Japan (JD). The discoid types, PD and JD, regardless of origin showed higher settling volume in water (SV) and bulk density than PS. The OOSS values obtained for all samples were directly related to SV and bulk density. The WHC level was highest in PS. This desirable characteristic makes PS a technologically potential sample for large-scale food production applications in the future. Protein and in vitro protein digestibility varied significantly among all samples. In general, the algal samples examined posses desirable physical properties which are expected to be related to physiological functions.  相似文献   

Greenhouse production of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Désirée) seed tubers using in vitro plantlets and rooted cuttings in large propagation beds     

Regan D. Roy  V. Souza Machado  S. M. M. Alam  A. Ali 《Potato Research》1995,38(1):61-68

Summary Seed tuber production fromin vitro potato plantlets and cuttings was conducted in large propagation beds in a greenhouse. Propagules of wholein vitro plantlets (WIP), plantlets with apical (ACR) and lateral (LCR) cuttings removed, the rooted apical cuttings (RAC) and rooted lateral cuttings (RLC) were planted at three densities of 25, 49 and 100 plants per m². The plantlets from which cuttings were removed (ACR and LCR) produced more tubers than the rooted cuttings (RAC and RLC); however, the most tubers were produced by WIP. RAC produced highest tuber yields followed by WIP and RLC. Intact WIP and plantlets with cuttings removed (ACR and LCR) produced twice as many tubers <40 g as those from rooted cuttings (RAC and RLC). The yield (kg/m²) as well as the number of tubers per m² increased with the increasing planting density within the densities tested.  相似文献   

Diurnal and seasonal patterns of leaf gas exchange in bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge) growing in a subtropical climate     

R. V. Ribeiro†  G. B. Lyra†  A. V. Santiago†  A. R. Pereira†  E. C. Machado  R. F. Oliveira‡ 《Grass and Forage Science》2006,61(3):293-303

The objective of this study was to evaluate the seasonal and diurnal changes in leaf gas exchange in bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) plants grown in an irrigated lawn. Carbon dioxide assimilation, transpiration, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature and leaf‐to‐air vapour pressure difference were measured during the daylight period from April 2003 to March 2004. The monitored environmental variables were photosynthetic photon flux density, air temperature, air relative humidity, photoperiod and sunshine rate. Factor and cluster analyses were used to select variables and to group months with similar physiological and meteorological characteristics, and three distinct periods were identified: (i) May to July: with low energetic availability, low leaf temperatures and low photosynthetic activity; (ii) September to January: with high energetic availability, high leaf temperatures and high photosynthetic activity; and (iii) April–March–August: a transient period with environmental and physiological characteristics showing intermediate values. The reduced plant development and growth during the winter season was in accordance to the lower photosynthetic activity recorded from June to August, this variable being a potential indicator of reduced phytomass production. The relationships between leaf gas exchange and seasonal growth are discussed.  相似文献   

Resistance to the potato nematode Heterodera rostochiensis Woll. in clones derived from Solanum vernei     

Maria Mayer de Scurrah  R. L. Plaisted  M. L. Harrison 《American Journal of Potato Research》1973,50(1):9-18

Previous research had shown that the diploidS. vernei clone EBS181 contained at least two genes for resistance to the golden nematode. Resistant tetraploids obtained by backcrossing to tuberosum clones, with selection against Race A, possessed only one gene. Crosses between these tetraploids produced evidence that at least two genes exist within this set of tetraploids. Crosses between tetraploids with resistance from vernei EBS181 and tetraploids with resistance from andigena CPC1673 produced results that can be explained by one of the genes from EBS181 segregating at the same locus as the one from CPC1673.  相似文献   

Störung der Krebsresistenz der Kartoffel nach mutagener Behandlung     

Maria Effmert  E. Tellhelm 《Potato Research》1984,27(2):201-204

Zusammenfassung Knollen einer krebsresistenten Sorte wurden mit γ-Strahlen, Nitrosomethylharnstoff und mit beiden Mutagentien kombiniert behandelt. Im Ergebnis traten Nachkommen mit unterschiedlichem Anf?lligkeitsgrad auf. Bei einem Teil ‘normalisierte’ sich die Resistenz in der vM₃ bzw. vM₅. Unter 550 untersuchten Subklonen waren 3 Mutanten (0,55%), die noch nach 6 Prüfjahren (vM₈) Defekte im Resistenzmechanismus zeigten.  相似文献   

Ergebnisse einer Diallelanalyse zur Vererbung der Resistenz gegenSynchytrium endobioticum (Schilb.) Perc., Pathotyp 1 (Dl) bei Kartoffeln (Solanum tuberosum L.)     

H. Lellbach  Maria Effmert 《Potato Research》1990,33(2):251-256

Zusammenfassung Die Nachkommenschaften eines Diallels mit 10 Eltern, ohne reziproke Kreuzungen, wurden gegen Pathotyp 1 (Dl) des Kartoffelkrebses geprüft. Aufgrund der Aufspaltung in resistent und anf?llig lassen sich 5 genotypische Gruppen unterscheiden. Zwei Gruppen entsprechen in ihrer Resistenzvererbung dem einfaktoriellen Modell bei Autotetraploiden auf duplexer bzw. simplexer Basis. Der Nachweis von zwei weiteren Genotypen, die sich nicht einordnen lassen, l?\t eine h?here genetische Varianz erkennen, als nach dem autotetraploiden Modell theoretisht zu erwarten ist. Die M?glichkeit der Identifizierung weiterer Genotypen wird nicht ausgeschlossen.

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Summary The progeny of a diallel cross between 10 clones of table potatoes were tested for resistance toSynchytrium endobioticum Pathotype 1. Of the 10 parent clones, 9 were resistant, based on the characteristic defence necrosis, and one was very susceptible. In total 45 hybrid and 10 selfed progenies were tested with 60–100 genotypes in each case. The mean performance of each clone was assessed using the percentages of resistant genotypes for all 9 combinations with other clones, and the selfs. The 10 clones are arranged in Table 1 according to their rankings for this parameter. Five groups of genotypes (I–V) can be recognized; these are significantly different from one another. The mean values of the selfs for individual groups, and the combinations with the susceptible parent are also given. From these results it can be concluded that the clones in Groups I–III inherited resistance as if controlled by a single major dominant gene in the simplex or duplex condition in the autotetraploid. The susceptible parent gave a nulliplex-type. The corresponding test results given in Table 2 confirm these conclusions. According to Table 1, clones (4) and (9) do not fit into Groups I and III. They have another genotype. Since the parents used here cover only a small range of possible genotypes, no generally valid statements can be made about the number of groups and the frequency of the genotypes in the groups for all cultivars and clones ofSolanum tuberosum. Inheritance studies of wart resistance by other authors confirm the assumption that further genotype groups may be identified. Greater genetic variation can be expected than is theoretically possible in the single factor model of autotetraploidy.

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Changes of the lipid catabolism in potato tubers from cultivars differing in susceptibility to autolysis during the storage     

Ewa Łojkowska  Maria Hołubowska 《Potato Research》1989,32(4):463-470

Summary The activities of lipolytic acyl-hydrolases (LAH) and lipoxygenases (LOX) were compared in stored tubers of potato cultivars resistant (Acresta, Eba, Pentland Envoy) and susceptible (Kastor, Pana, Tasso) to post-wounding autolysis. In most cultivars, LAH activities had reached a maximum by the end of December but in cv. Kastor activity continued to increase throughout the storage period. LOX activities increased during most of the storage period except in cv. Tasso. The level of the fatty acid hydroperoxides, assumed from determinations of the malonaldehyde level, also increased during storage. This work was supported by Project CPBP 05.02.2.10 financed by the Polish Academy of Science.  相似文献   

More about the potato nematode,Heterodera rostochiensis Woll., in Peru     

Maria Mayer de Scurrah  W. F. Mai  R. L. Plaisted 《American Journal of Potato Research》1973,50(2):58-61

Thirteen resistant selections ofS. tuberosum hybrids bred in the U.S.A. and Europe and 44 diploid clones derived fromS. vernei, S. spegazzinii, S. neohawkesii, andS. sanctaerosae each with resistance to one or more pathotypes ofH. rostochiensis were tested for their resistance to three Peruvian populations of this nematode. Only one diploid clone ofS. sanctatrosae was found to be resistant to the three populations of nematodes, but several clones were resistant to one or another of the nematode populations. More clones were found to resist the nematode population collected near Cuzco than those populations collected near Huancayo or Otuzco. Morphometric measurements of body length, stylet length, and distance of median valve to excretory pore, of second stage larvae showed great variation and no clear difference among the three populations. The measurements obtained were closer to pathotype E from England than to any other recognized pathotypes.  相似文献   

Genetics components of rice root architecture and carbon isotopic fractionation parameters: a tracer for breeding in a water-saving irrigation management     

Brito  Giovani G.  Concenço  Germani  Costa  Vladimir E.  Fagundes  Paulo Ricardo R.  da Silva-Filho  João Luis  Parfitt  José Maria B.  Magalhães  Ariano  Silva  Giovana T.  Jardim  Thaís M.  Luccas  Nathália Furtado  Scivittaro  Walkyria B. 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2022,25(1):19-32

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Phenotyping is the major bottleneck in the effort to develop varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) suitable for growing under a water-saving irrigation...  相似文献   

Resistance of Corynespora cassiicola from soybean to QoI and MBC fungicides in Brazil     

Flávia E. de Mello  Valéria S. Lopes-Caitar  Sheila A. Xavier-Valencio  Helen P. da Silva  Sören Franzenburg  Andreas Mehl  Joseph-Alexander Verreet  Maria I. Balbi-Peña  Francismar C. Marcelino-Guimaraes  Cláudia V. Godoy 《Plant pathology》2022,71(2):373-385

Fungicide sprays on soybean in Brazil have contributed to the selection of less sensitive isolates of Corynespora cassiicola. We collected 59 isolates of C. cassiicola from three Brazilian states and two isolates from Paraguay. We investigated their EC₅₀ to quinone outside inhibitors (QoI) and methyl benzimidazole carbamate (MBC), any cross-resistance to compounds within QoI and MBC groups, and characterized the polymorphisms in their cytb and β-tubulin genes. Local associations of polymorphisms identified in each gene were statistically correlated with assays results. In total, 79% and 74% of the isolates were classified as resistant to QoI and MBC fungicides, respectively. There was positive cross-resistance to active ingredients within QoI and MBC groups. For QoI, all isolates presented heteroplasmy in G143A of cytb gene; the mutations F129L and G137R were not found. For MBC, 63% of isolates possessed E198A and 21% possessed F200Y mutations, associated with reduced control by MBC fungicides. Heteroplasmy was identified in two and one isolates from Brazil with E198A and F200Y mutations, respectively. The resistance factor for isolates with E198A (10.9) was statistically similar to the isolate with F200Y (8.8) mutation. Genic association analysis of the in vitro assays using discriminatory doses proved them to be accurate. Reduced sensitivity of C. cassiicola to QoI and MBC was also identified in isolates from Paraguay and resistance to QoI and MBC was widely present in C. cassiicola isolates from the main soybean-producing states in Brazil. Thus, integrated management measures should be adopted to manage soybean target spot in these countries.  相似文献