Distribution and secondary effects of EDDHA in some vegetable species     

H. Frits Bienfait  Josemaria Garcia-Mina  Angel Maria Zamareño 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(7):1103-1110

Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), pepper (Capsicum annuum), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) were grown on rockwool or perlite substrate with nutrient solution. Fe was administered as the Fe complex of the chelator ethylenediamine di-(o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) (EDDHA) or Fe(NH₄)₂(SO₄)₂ in the nutrient solution or as inorganic iron in the substrate. Roots and leaves of plants grown on Fe-EDDHA contained EDDHA in quantities up to 0.27 × the amount of Fe, which is interpreted as an indication of the contribution of passive chelate absorption to Fe uptake. Fruits of tomato and pepper, and leaves of lettuce contained only traces of EDDHA. Breakdown of the chelator in leaves of pepper and tomato is estimated to have been between 0.5 and 2% per day. In tomato fruits, lycopene content was lowered in plants growing on Fe-EDDHA. Cucumber growing on Fe-EDDHA suffered from serious infection by the mildew Sphaerotheca fusca; the plants growing on an inorganic source of iron were resistant. These results exemplify physiological effects of EDDHA other than those directly associated with iron nutrition.  相似文献   

Community level physiological profiles of microbial communities from forest humus polluted with different amounts of Zn,Pb, and Cd—Preliminary study with BIOLOG ecoplates     

Maria Niklińska  Marcin Chodak  Anna Stefanowicz 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(6):941-944

Abstract

Heavy metals may alter the structure and metabolic functions of soil microbial community. The objective of our study was to compare the community level physiological proffies (CLPPs) of microbial communities from forest humus polluted with different amounts of Zn, Pb, and Cd to test whether the addition of soluble Zn and Cd may affect the CLPPs of microbial communities. The samples were taken at 18 locations in southern Poland referred to as unpolluted (UP), slightly polluted (SP), and heavily polluted sites (HP). The contents of heavy metals were measured after wet digestions in concentrated HNO₃. Microbial communities were extracted using 0.96% NaCl solution. In order to test heavy metal tolerance of microbial communities from UP sites the extracts from these sites were additionally treated with Zn (50 mg L^-1; UP + Zn) and Cd (1 mg L^-1; UP + Cd). Metabolic functions of the microbial communities were analyzed using BIOLOG Ecoplates method. The contents of Zn, Pb and Cd were the highest at HP sites (4,740, 1,120, 41.0 mg kg^-1, respectively) followed by SP (830, 509, 9.2 mg kg^-1, respectively), and UP (173, 93, 2.1 mg kg^-1, respectively) sites. Principal components analysis (PCA) indicated that CLPPs at all sites were similar. This suggests that microbial community from SP and HP sites revealed tolerance to heavy metals. Addition of Zn affected CLPPs of microbial communities from UP sites as indicated by significantly (p < 0.05) higher value of PC1 score. The addition of Cd did not affect CLPPs of microbial communities from these sites.  相似文献   

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on growth,yield, nitrogen,and phosphorus nutrition of nodulating bean varieties in two soil substrates of contrasting fertility     

Maria Luisa Izaguirre‐Mayoral  O. Carballo  L. Carreño  María G. de Mejia 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(8):1117-1133

A pot experiment was conducted to study the response of nodulated bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), vars. Ceca and Montalbán, to inoculation with the arbuscular‐mycorrhizae (AM) Glomus spurcum strain IES‐3 and G. mosseae strain IES‐8 in two non‐sterilized non‐amended soil substrates (S‐l and S‐2) of contrasting fertility. S‐l was an acid soil (pH 5.0) with 77% exchangeable aluminum (Al), low available phosphorus (P) (3.5 ug g^‐1 dry soil) and 1.8% organic matter. S‐2 was a soil with pH 7.0, 7.9 μg P g^‐1 dry soil, 9.6% organic matter and no exchangeable Al. Plants growing in S‐1 (S‐1 plants) and S‐2 (S‐2 plants) soils were sampled at the beginning of the flowering stage. S‐1 and S‐2 plants were nodulated by the rhizobial populations native of each soil. S‐1 plants of both varieties did not respond to AM inoculation in term of shoot and root mass, P content, relative abundance of ureides (RAU) and seed yields. Only the total chlorophyll, chlorophyll‐a, chlrophyll‐a/b ratio and nodule mass were significantly enhanced in AM‐inoculated plants. Increased total reducing sugars concentration was detected in roots of S‐1 plants inoculated with G. mosseae. S‐2 plants displayed significantly higher shoot and nodule mass as well as increased total chlorophyll, chlorophyll‐a, chlorophyll‐a/b ratio and P content than S‐1 plants, regardless of the variety and AM inoculation. S‐2 plants of the var Ceca showed a two fold increase in seed yields but similar RAU values (>60%) when compared to S‐1 plants of the same variety. In contrast, the significant increase in RAU detected in S‐2 plants of the var Montalban was not translated into higher seed yields. In S‐2, the productivity of plants of the var Ceca doubled that of the var Montalban. For both bean varieties the highest significant P content and seed yield were observed exclusively in S‐2 plants inoculated with G. mosseae. This Glomelean strain enhanced the sink‐source ratio of the S‐2 plants as evidenced by the higher total reducing sugar concentration in the root mass. Arbuscular‐mycorrhizae inoculation significantly decreased the acid phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere of S‐1 and S‐2 plants, respectively, pointing toward a negative effect of foreign AM on the native microbial biomass. The effectiveness of the rhizobial populations native of each soil type and the weak response elicited by G. mosseae in S‐2 plants do not justify, at present, the inclusion of foreign inocula in the bean crops carried out at S‐1 and S‐2 soils of the Sucre State of Venezuela. Results also indicated the higher adaptability of var Ceca to conditions prevailing in S‐1 and S‐2.  相似文献   

Fish processing wastewater as a platform of the microalgal biorefineries     

Maria Isabel Queiroz  Márcio Oliveira Hornes  Adriana Gonçalves da Silva Manetti  Leila Queiroz Zepka  Eduardo Jacob-Lopes 《Biosystems Engineering》2013,115(2):195-202

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Selection and validation of reference genes for gene expression studies in Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis subjected to abiotic stress     

Milena Petriccione  Anna Magri  Maria Gaudiano  Marco Scortichini 《Plant pathology》2021,70(6):1455-1466

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Biochar as a strategy to manage plant diseases caused by pathogens inhabiting the soil: a critical review     

de Medeiros  Erika Valente  Lima  Neyla Thayná  de Sousa Lima  José Romualdo  Pinto  Kedma Maria Silva  da Costa  Diogo Paes  Franco Junior  Cícero Luiz  Souza  Rodolfo Marcondes Silva  Hammecker  Claude 《Phytoparasitica》2021,49(4):713-726

Phytoparasitica - The current agricultural scenario faces a range of challenges, with phytosanitary ones being paramount. In most cases, plant diseases are treated with chemicals; however, they...  相似文献   

Lethal and sublethal effects of chemical constituents from essential oils on Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in cowpea stored grains     

Barbosa  Douglas Rafael e Silva  de Oliveira  José Vargas  da Silva  Paulo Henrique Soares  Santana  Mauricéa Fidelis  Breda  Mariana Oliveira  de França  Solange Maria  de Miranda  Vinícius Lima 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(6):1575-1586

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - The recent use of essential oils has been considered an important approach in pest management programs for stored products. Regarding essential oils, it...  相似文献   

Anastomosis groups and sensitivity to fungicides of Rhizoctonia solani strains isolated from potato in Russia     

Yarmeeva  Maria M.  Kokaeva  Lyudmila Y.  Chudinova  Elena M.  Kah  Masamba O.  Kurchaev  Michael L.  Zeyruk  Vladimir N.  Belov  Grigoriy L.  Bairambekov  Shamil B.  Elansky  Sergey N. 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(5):1253-1261

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - A survey of Rhizoctonia solani isolates from potato tubers and stems grown in European and Far Eastern regions of Russia in 2012–2020 was conducted....  相似文献   

A comparison of physical properties, oxalate-oxalic acid soluble substances, protein content, and in vitro protein digestibility of the blue-green algaNostoc commune Vauch. from the Philippines and Japan     

Maria Portia P. Briones  Kohji Hori  Milagrosa R. Martinez-Goss  Genji Ishibashi  Takuo Okita 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1997,50(4):287-294

The physical properties, amount of oxalate-oxalic acid soluble substances (OOSS), protein and in vitro protein digestibility ofNostoc commune from the Philippines and Japan were determined. The samples were the spherical type from the Philippines (PS), the dry field discoid type from the Philippines (PD), and the dry field discoid type from Japan (JD). The discoid types, PD and JD, regardless of origin showed higher settling volume in water (SV) and bulk density than PS. The OOSS values obtained for all samples were directly related to SV and bulk density. The WHC level was highest in PS. This desirable characteristic makes PS a technologically potential sample for large-scale food production applications in the future. Protein and in vitro protein digestibility varied significantly among all samples. In general, the algal samples examined posses desirable physical properties which are expected to be related to physiological functions.  相似文献   

Greenhouse production of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Désirée) seed tubers using in vitro plantlets and rooted cuttings in large propagation beds     

Regan D. Roy  V. Souza Machado  S. M. M. Alam  A. Ali 《Potato Research》1995,38(1):61-68

Summary Seed tuber production fromin vitro potato plantlets and cuttings was conducted in large propagation beds in a greenhouse. Propagules of wholein vitro plantlets (WIP), plantlets with apical (ACR) and lateral (LCR) cuttings removed, the rooted apical cuttings (RAC) and rooted lateral cuttings (RLC) were planted at three densities of 25, 49 and 100 plants per m². The plantlets from which cuttings were removed (ACR and LCR) produced more tubers than the rooted cuttings (RAC and RLC); however, the most tubers were produced by WIP. RAC produced highest tuber yields followed by WIP and RLC. Intact WIP and plantlets with cuttings removed (ACR and LCR) produced twice as many tubers <40 g as those from rooted cuttings (RAC and RLC). The yield (kg/m²) as well as the number of tubers per m² increased with the increasing planting density within the densities tested.  相似文献