Tree regeneration and plant species diversity responses to vegetation control following a major windthrow in mixed broadleaved stands     

Marine Dodet  Catherine Collet  Henri Frochot  L��on Wehrlen 《European Journal of Forest Research》2011,130(1):41-53

By increasing resource availability, canopy opening enhances tree recruitment as well as the development of neighbouring vegetation. The proliferation of early successional and highly competitive vegetation may have dramatic consequences on seedling establishment. However, differences in competitive abilities have been shown among the plant growth forms commonly encountered in forests. We may thus expect that vegetation management leading to control of different plant growth forms would have different consequences on tree seedling growth and development. To test this hypothesis, we analysed the effects of an intensity gradient of four vegetation control treatments (untreated, coppice control, coppice and non-tree plant control, and coppice, non-tree and pioneer (tree) plant control) on plant species richness and natural tree regeneration in three post-storm sites. Higher plant species richness and a better natural tree regeneration were observed in the more intensive treatments that significantly improved the balance of the relative abundance of tree species. Suppressing the more competitive vegetation, mainly Rubus fruticosus and graminoids, led to the recruitment and growth of tree species sensitive to competition and good tree species diversity. Practical recommendations in terms of vegetation control relative to tree regeneration and plant species richness are given.  相似文献   

Feline leucocyte antigen class II polymorphism and susceptibility to feline infectious peritonitis     

Addie DD  Kennedy LJ  Ryvar R  Willoughby K  Gaskell RM  Ollier WE  Nart P  Radford AD 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2004,6(2):59-62

There are four outcomes to feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection: the development of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP, which is immune-mediated), subclinical infection, development of healthy lifelong carriers and a small minority of cats who resist infection (Addie and Jarrett, Veterinary Record 148 (2001) 649). Examination of the FCoV genome has shown that the same strain of virus can produce different clinical manifestations, suggesting that host genetic factors may also play a role in the outcome of infection. FIP is most prevalent amongst pedigree cats, although how much of this is due to them living in large groups (leading to higher virus challenge and stress which predisposes to FIP) and how much is due to genetic susceptibility is not known. If host genetics could be shown to play a role in disease, it may allow the detection of cats with a susceptibility to FIP and the development of increased population resistance through selective breeding. The feline leucocyte antigen (FLA) complex contains many genes that are central to the control of the immune response. In this preliminary study, we used clonal sequence analysis or reference strand conformational analysis (RSCA) to analyse the class II FLA-DRB of 25 cats for which the outcome of FCoV exposure was known. Individual cats were shown to have between two and six FLA-DRB alleles. There was no statistically significant association between the number of alleles and the outcome of FCoV infection. No particular allele appeared to be associated with either the development of FIP, resistance to FCoV, or the carrier status. However, the analysis was complicated by apparent breed variation in FLA-DRB and the small number of individuals in this study.  相似文献   

Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Marine Drugs in 2020     

Marine Drugs Editorial Office 《Marine drugs》2021,19(2)

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Intraocular pressure in the smallest primate aging model: the gray mouse lemur          下载免费PDF全文

Marko Dubicanac  Marine Joly  Julia Strüve  Ingo Nolte  Nadine Mestre‐Francés  Jean‐Michel Verdier  Elke Zimmermann 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2018,21(3):319-327

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Interbreed variation of DLA-DRB1, DQA1 alleles and haplotypes in the dog.     

L J Kennedy  S D Carter  A Barnes  S Bell  D Bennett  B Ollier  W Thomson 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1999,69(2-4):101-111

Although 36 DLA-DRB1 and 10 DLA-DQA1 allele sequences have been published to date, no data on individual allele frequencies exists, either for specific breeds or cross breeds, and the full extent of the polymorphism at each of these loci is still not known. We have used sequence-specific oligonucleotide probing (SSOP) to characterise a series of 367 dogs for their DRB1 and DQA1 alleles. These included individual animals from over 60 different breeds, with numbers per breed ranging from 1 to 39. DLA types were generated from 218 dogs for DRB1 and from 330 dogs for DQA1, while 181 dogs were characterised for both these loci. The frequency of individual DRB1 and DQA1 alleles showed considerable interbreed variation, e.g. 83% of West Highland White Terriers were DRB1*01 as opposed to 9% of Collies. No breed had >9 of the 22 DRB1 types defined in this study; several breeds had only two DRB1 types. DLA-DQA1 showed less variation in allele numbers per breed, but also showed considerable interbreed frequency variation. Haplotype analysis revealed over 44 different DRB1/DQA1 combinations. Of these, 25 were in a number of animals, and also in an animal that was homozygous for one or both of these loci. Some DRB1 alleles could be found in combination with several different DQA1 alleles, while others were only present in one haplotypic combination. DLA allele frequency data in normal dogs will be critical for disease association studies. It may also be possible to use haplotype data to establish the genetic relationships between different dog breeds.  相似文献   

2003年春季东海区浮性鱼卵和仔稚鱼种类组成及数量分布   总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13  

胡芬 《海洋渔业》2004,26(2):79-85

本文分析研究了2003年春季东海区(27°00′～34°00′N)150m以浅海域浮性鱼卵、仔稚鱼的种类组成及数量分布。共鉴定49种鱼类的鱼卵、仔稚鱼,其中31种鉴定到种,隶属于26科、29属。优势种类为日本鳀、方氏云鳚、太平洋鲱。带鱼、小黄鱼等经济鱼类鱼卵、仔稚鱼数量少,鲱形目鱼类鱼卵、仔稚鱼数量较多。鱼卵、仔稚鱼分布主要在近海禁渔线附近海域。  相似文献   

Towards the development of a standardized method to monitor lakeshore hydromorphological restoration measures     

Coralie Garron  Althaea Pangaud  Marine Taubaty  Marlène Rolan-Meynard  Christine Argillier  Jean-Claude Raymond  Julien Dublon  Samuel Westrelin 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2024,34(4):e4152

Non‐spherical pearl layers in the Polynesian ‘black‐lipped’ Pinctada margaritifera: The non‐nacreous deposits compared to microstructure of the shell growing edge     

Jean‐Pierre Cuif  Yannicke Dauphin  Gilles Luquet  Oulfa Belhadj  Stphan Rouzire  Murielle Salom  Marine Cotte  Andrea Somogyi  Kadda Medjoubi  Cedrik Lo  Denis Saulnier 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(2):506-522

Cultivated pearls frequently exhibit morphological irregularities making obvious that mineral deposition was irregularly distributed onto nucleus surface. Taking advantage of experimental cultivations with short durations (from 10 days to few months), these irregular deposits predating occurrence of the nacre were investigated in Polynesian pearls by biochemical characterizations and a series of physical methods. Diversity in the resulting data suggests that various in‐depth alterations of the biomineralization mechanism may have occurred during the grafting process, leading to diversity in the biochemical pathways to nacreous deposition. This allows a precise discussion of current views about pearl formation. The “reversed shell theory” is formally disproved through point to point comparison with development of the shell growing edge. Similarity of pearl formation with “regeneration” or “shell repair” is also discussed, emphasizing the differences between these concepts.  相似文献   

投喂频率对星斑川鲽幼鱼生长和体组成影响的初步研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

孙丽慧  王际英  丁立云  崔丽娇  帅继祥  孙永智  张利民 《上海海洋大学学报》2010,(2)

研究了不同投喂频率1次/d、2次/d(周日不投)、2次/d和3次/d对星斑川鲽幼鱼生长、摄食率、饲料利用情况和全鱼及其组织组成的影响。结果表明:随着投喂频率的增加,星斑川鲽幼鱼的增重率、特定生长率和摄食率显著升高,2次/d(周日不投)组增重率和特定生长率显著高于1次/d组(P<0.05),但与2次/d和3次/d组无显著性差异(P>0.05);2次/d(周日不投)组饲料转化率和蛋白质效率稍高于2次/d和3次/d组,但各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);全鱼水分和粗蛋白含量不受投喂频率的显著影响(P>0.05),全鱼粗脂肪含量2次/d(周日不投)组显著低于2次/d组(P<0.05),全鱼灰分含量1次/d组显著高于2次/d(周日不投)组和3次/d组(P<0.05),其余各组差异不显著(P>0.05);肌肉水分含量随投喂频率增加而显著降低(P<0.05),肌肉粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量与水分含量呈负相关,肌肉灰分含量1次/d组显著高于2次/d组(P<0.05),其余各组无显著性差异(P>0.05);肝脏水分和粗脂肪含量各组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05),肝脏粗蛋白含量1次/d组显著低于其余各组(P<0.05),其余各组之间...  相似文献   

鱿鱼类资源量变化与海洋环境关系的研究进展   总被引：13，自引：6，他引：7  

曹杰  陈新军  刘必林  田思泉  钱卫国 《上海海洋大学学报》2010,(2)

近几十年随着传统渔业资源量的下降,短生命周期的鱿鱼类产量出现持续增加,并已成为重要的渔获对象。由于鱿鱼类为短生命周期鱼类,对环境变化极为敏感,这一特点使得传统基于种群动力和生物学过程的资源量评估模型并不能很好地估算其资源量,为了了解环境因子和鱿鱼类资源量变化的关系,从研究方法和内容上对其研究现状进行了回顾,目前的研究已经能够在一定程度上解释环境因子对鱿鱼类资源量变化的影响机制,但是还不能完全利用环境变量来预测资源量的变化;本文还归纳了主要经济鱿鱼类栖息环境的特点,以及环境因子对其生活史各个阶段(孵化、仔稚鱼、成鱼和产卵)和资源补充量的影响,总结了目前研究遇到的问题和不足,并提出了今后研究重点应放在环境因子如何影响鱿鱼类生活史阶段中的孵化到仔稚鱼过程,从而能够提高对鱿鱼类补充量大小的估测精度,为其资源评估的进一步发展提供全面的理论基础。  相似文献