Changes in mRNA of immune factors expressed by milk somatic cells of Holstein cows with hypocalcemia after calving     

Hiromichi Ohtsuka  Misa Ohsawa  Kenji Murakami  Ryo Murata  Toshihide Kato  Motoshi Tajima 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2021,85(1):72

Changes in immune factors expressed by milk somatic cells from Holstein cows with hypocalcemia after calving were investigated in this study. Fourteen multiparous Holstein cows after their 3rd or 4th calving in one farm were used. The cows were divided into 2 groups: 7 cows needing treatment due to onset of hypocalcemia (hypocalcemia group; age = 5.53 ± 0.27 years, parity = 3.14 ± 0.14) and 7 cows without health problems (control group; age = 5.88 ± 0.31 years, parity = 3.57 ± 0.26). Milk samples were collected aseptically using a cannula and mRNA of immune factors expressed by milk somatic cells were analyzed. Milk samples (50 mL) were collected from the right rear mammary gland of cows before milking at day 1 and weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 after calving. All milk samples showed a negative reaction to the California Mastitis Test. Levels of relative interleukin (IL)-6 and cathelicidin in the hypocalcemia group were lower than those in the control group in weeks 1 to 8. A significant difference in relative IL-6 levels was found in week 4 (P < 0.05). These results suggest that levels of IL-6 expressed by milk somatic cells may be affected by hypocalcemia in dairy cows.  相似文献   

Validation of a phenol-sulfuric acid method in a microplate format for the quantification of soluble sugars in ruminant feeds     

Makoto Kondo  Randi Mulianda  Masaya Matamura  Toshiyuki Shibata  Takashi Mishima  Anuraga Jayanegara  Naoto Isono 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13530

Soluble sugars in feeds are important for ruminant production; however, performing numerous sugar analyses within a short period is a laborious task. Here, we developed a phenol-sulfuric acid (PSA) assay in a microplate format to quantify soluble sugars in ruminant feeds. This method is easy and quick and requires only a small quantity of harmful reagents. We found that assay measurements were not affected by the representative organic acids and sugar alcohol contained in feeds. The treatment of activated charcoal with ethanol extract prior to the PSA assay was effective in removing interfering compounds for a more accurate determination of soluble sugars in certain feeds. Furthermore, the inter-day and intra-day repeatability of the present method was acceptable. Hence, we conclude that the method developed in this study is suitable for routine analysis of soluble sugars content in ruminant feeds.  相似文献   

Prospects for multifunctionality of paddy rice cultivation in Japan and other countries in monsoon Asia     

Y. Matsuno  K. Nakamura  T. Masumoto  H. Matsui  T. Kato  Y. Sato 《Paddy and Water Environment》2006,4(4):189-197

This paper presents a study carried out by a group of Japanese researchers to critically review past researches and discussions on the multifunctionality of paddy rice cultivation, with the aim of describing the current status of the subject and providing options and potentials for future research and practices. The review was of over 200 documented articles on the major external functions. The results of this study revealed that the importance of multifunctionality is well perceived in Japan. The methodologies to measure and estimate the magnitude have been established for most functions. However, there is a need for more cases, to integrate all the functions at the local or regional scale to represent site-specific characteristics of multifunctionality. There is also a need to develop management practices to sustain and enhance the positive multifunctionality of paddy rice cultivation while minimizing negative effects to the environment, which may be brought into the agricultural policies. Except for Korea, Taiwan, and Japan, there are slightly different notions on multifunctionality in other monsoon Asia countries, but the gap in this notion is reducing following recent international activities.  相似文献   

Development of a water quality tank model classified by land use for nitrogen load reduction scenarios     

Tasuku Kato 《Paddy and Water Environment》2005,3(1):21-27

Water quality in the watershed mainly used for agriculture is degraded by nutrients from fertilizers and animal wastes. These diffuse (non-point) sources have accumulated in soils and been released into the river system for the long-term. In this paper, a water quality tank model classified by land use is modified for the accumulation, and total nitrogen (T-N) is simulated over 40 years in the Yamada River basin within the Lake Kasumigaura watershed, Japan. For considering the nitrogen balance, the model has a database comprising statistical data such as population, land use, rain, fertilizer, and animal waste; it calculates cumulative load in soils and dissolved load separately. The model simulated the measured data with relative error of 15% for runoff and 7% for T-N. Five scenarios for the reduction of cumulative load were developed as a countermeasure plan: soil washing, slow-release fertilizer, fertilizer application reduction, cover crop, and animal waste reduction. The results show that T-N first decreases and then increases after 30 years in the case of the slow-release fertilizer scenario and that T-N is reduced by 30% after 40 years in the case of the 100% animal waste reduction scenario.  相似文献   

Split luciferase complementation assay to detect regulated protein-protein interactions in rice protoplasts in a large-scale format     

Yukichi Fujikawa  Takahiro Nakanishi  Hiroko Kawakami  Kanako Yamasaki  Masa H Sato  Hiroyuki Tsuji  Makoto Matsuoka  Naohiro Kato 《Rice》2014,7(1):11

Background

The rice interactome, in which a network of protein-protein interactions has been elucidated in rice, is a useful resource to identify functional modules of rice signal transduction pathways. Protein-protein interactions occur in cells in two ways, constitutive and regulative. While a yeast-based high-throughput method has been widely used to identify the constitutive interactions, a method to detect the regulated interactions is rarely developed for a large-scale analysis.

Results

A split luciferase complementation assay was applied to detect the regulated interactions in rice. A transformation method of rice protoplasts in a 96-well plate was first established for a large-scale analysis. In addition, an antibody that specifically recognizes a carboxyl-terminal fragment of Renilla luciferase was newly developed. A pair of antibodies that recognize amino- and carboxyl- terminal fragments of Renilla luciferase, respectively, was then used to monitor quality and quantity of interacting recombinant-proteins accumulated in the cells. For a proof-of-concept, the method was applied to detect the gibberellin-dependent interaction between GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 and SLENDER RICE 1.

Conclusions

A method to detect regulated protein-protein interactions was developed towards establishment of the rice interactome.  相似文献   

Species-specific thermal denaturation pattern of fish myosin when heated as myofibrils as studied by myosin subfragment-1 and rod denaturation rates     

Masayuki?Takahashi  Takeshi?Yamamoto  Sanae?Kato  Kunihiko?KonnoEmail author 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(2):405-413

Thermal denaturation of myofibrils from various species of fish was investigated by measuring ATPase inactivation, myosin aggregation, myosin subfragment-1 (S-1) and rod denaturation rates as studied by chymotryptic digestion. Decrease in monomeric myosin (myosin aggregation) was always faster than the ATPase inactivation for all myofibrils tested. The relative denaturation rate of rod to that of S-1 differed from species to species. Preceded denaturation of rod was observed with some species, and the opposite was true with other species. The denaturation pattern was explained by the different magnitude of S-1 stabilization by F-actin in myofibrils at low salt medium. Myofibrils which receive a great stabilization by F-actin as studied by ATPase inactivation showed the preceded rod denaturation pattern, and vice versa. S-1 portion, not F-actin, determined the different stabilization of S-1 by F-actin in myofibrils.  相似文献   

Ca<Superscript>2+</Superscript> transport activity of scallop divalent metal transporter at the concentration of seawater level     

Masaya Takagi  Junko Takiya  Kenji Nakao  Syuji Kaneko  Haruhiko Toyohara 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(3):741-743

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Ontogeny of immune system organs in northern bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis, Temminck and Schlegel 1844)   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

M Watts  K Kato  B L Munday  & C M Burke 《Aquaculture Research》2003,34(1):13-21

Serial sections, prepared from 0.5 to 30 days posthatch (dph) larval and juvenile Thunnus orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel 1844), were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and examined by light microscopy for immune organ development. The early kidney was present at 0.5 dph, undifferentiated stem cells began to appear at 2 dph, and by 7 dph occasional small lymphocytes were present. The thymus was first obvious at 5 dph, located above the fourth branchial arch, small lymphocytes appeared at 7 dph, and by 15 dph an outer thymocytic zone and an inner epithelioid zone were visible. The progenitor spleen was present at 2 dph, located close to the gut, and by 12 dph it consisted of a mass of sinusoids filled with red blood cells, and remained mainly erythroid throughout the period studied. These results suggest that development of immune organs in this species is precocious relative to other marine teleosts.  相似文献   

Immunocytochemical detection of the class A macrophage scavenger receptor CD204 using air‐dried cytologic smears of canine histiocytic sarcoma     

Yuki Kato  Risa Funato  Akihiro Hirata  Mami Murakami  Takashi Mori  Koji Maruo  Tokuma Yanai  Hiroki Sakai 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2014,43(4):589-593

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Surgical and Localized Radiation Therapy for an Intranasal Adenocarcinoma in a Rabbit     

Makoto NAKATA  Yasutsugu MIWA  Masaya TSUBOI  Kazuyuki UCHIDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(12):1659-1662

An 8-year-old spayed female Netherland Dwarf rabbit presented with a two-month history of dyspnea and snoring. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the head revealed mass lesions in the right nasal cavity. Surgical exenteration of the lesions was performed, and the histopathological diagnosis was an intranasal adenocarcinoma. On the basis of this diagnosis, radiotherapy was planned and consisted of eight fractions of 6 Gy administered once a week. After the completion of radiation therapy, the soft tissue density in the right nasal cavity, as detected by CT, significantly decreased. The prognosis has remained good for over 3 years after treatment. This paper is the first to describe the clinical and pathological features of an intranasal tumor in a rabbit.  相似文献