G protein-coupled receptor-dependent development of human frontal cortex     

Piao X  Hill RS  Bodell A  Chang BS  Basel-Vanagaite L  Straussberg R  Dobyns WB  Qasrawi B  Winter RM  Innes AM  Voit T  Ross ME  Michaud JL  Déscarie JC  Barkovich AJ  Walsh CA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5666):2033-2036

The mammalian cerebral cortex is characterized by complex patterns of anatomical and functional areas that differ markedly between species, but the molecular basis for this functional subdivision is largely unknown. Here, we show that mutations in GPR56, which encodes an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) with a large extracellular domain, cause a human brain cortical malformation called bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria (BFPP). BFPP is characterized by disorganized cortical lamination that is most severe in frontal cortex. Our data suggest that GPCR signaling plays an essential role in regional development of human cerebral cortex.  相似文献   

Earth's free oscillations excited by the 26 December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Park J  Song TR  Tromp J  Okal E  Stein S  Roult G  Clevede E  Laske G  Kanamori H  Davis P  Berger J  Braitenberg C  Van Camp M  Lei X  Sun H  Xu H  Rosat S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,308(5725):1139-1144

At periods greater than 1000 seconds, Earth's seismic free oscillations have anomalously large amplitude when referenced to the Harvard Centroid Moment Tensor fault mechanism, which is estimated from 300- to 500-second surface waves. By using more realistic rupture models on a steeper fault derived from seismic body and surface waves, we approximated free oscillation amplitudes with a seismic moment (6.5 x 10(22) Newton.meters) that corresponds to a moment magnitude of 9.15. With a rupture duration of 600 seconds, the fault-rupture models represent seismic observations adequately but underpredict geodetic displacements that argue for slow fault motion beneath the Nicobar and Andaman islands.  相似文献   

A genome-wide assessment of the genetic diversity,evolution and relationships with allied species of the clonally propagated crop Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews     

Favre  F&#;licien  Jourda  Cyril  Grisoni  Michel  Piet  Quentin  Rivallan  Ronan  Dijoux  Jean-Bernard  Hascoat  J&#;r&#;my  Lepers-Andrzejewski  Sandra  Besse  Pascale  Charron  Carine 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(6):2125-2139

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - The Vanilla genus is a complex taxonomic group characterized by a vegetative reproduction mode combined with intra- and inter-specific hybridizations, and...  相似文献   

Application of mixed-effects modelling and rule-based models to explain copper variation in soil profiles of southern Germany     

Bernard Ludwig  Petra Wölfel  Isabel Greenberg  Hans-Peter Piepho  Peter Spörlein 《European Journal of Soil Science》2022,73(3):e13258

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A survey of the transmission of infectious diseases/infections between wild and domestic ungulates in Europe     

Martin C  Pastoret PP  Brochier B  Humblet MF  Saegerman C 《Veterinary research》2011,42(1):70

ABSTRACT: The domestic animals/wildlife interface is becoming a global issue of growing interest. However, despite studies on wildlife diseases being in expansion, the epidemiological role of wild animals in the transmission of infectious diseases remains unclear most of the time. Multiple diseases affecting livestock have already been identified in wildlife, especially in wild ungulates. The first objective of this paper was to establish a list of infections already reported in European wild ungulates. For each disease/infection, three additional materials develop examples already published, specifying the epidemiological role of the species as assigned by the authors. Furthermore, risk factors associated with interactions between wild and domestic animals and regarding emerging infectious diseases are summarized. Finally, the wildlife surveillance measures implemented in different European countries are presented. New research areas are proposed in order to provide efficient tools to prevent the transmission of diseases between wild ungulates and livestock.  相似文献   

Bartonellae in animals and vectors in New Caledonia     

Mediannikov O  Davoust B  Cabre O  Rolain JM  Raoult D 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2011,34(6):497-501

Bartonellae are gram-negative facultative intracellular alpha-proteobacteria from the family Bartonellaceae. The natural history of bartonellae consists of a reservoir/host, which is a vertebrate with chronic intravascular infection with sustained bacteremia, and a vector (usually an arthropod) that transfers the bacteria from the reservoir to a susceptible yet uninfected host. In order to reveal the sources and reservoirs of Bartonella infection in animals and vectors in New Caledonia, we collected the blood samples of 64 dogs, 8 cats, 30 bovines, 25 horses and 29 wild deer Cervus timorensis russa and 308 associated blood-sucking parasites (14 keds Hippobosca equina, 258 ticks (22 Rhipicephalus microplus, 235 Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and 1 Haemaphysalis longicornis), 12 fleas Ctenocephalides felis and 24 dog lice Trichodectes canis). We isolated ten strains of Bartonella: four Bartonella henselae from cats and six Bartonella chomelii from cattle. The strains were characterized by sequencing of five genes (16S, ITS, rpoB, gltA and ftsZ). The six strains isolated from cattle were close to the reference strain of B. chomelii and were, probably, imported from France with cattle of Limousin race. PCR showed that 35% of keds collected from deer and 31% of deer were infected by B. aff. schoenbuchensis; all other samples were negative. Our data confirmed that in New Caledonia, as in other regions of the world, cats are the major reservoirs of B. henselae. We also confirmed that Hippoboscidae flies may serve as the vectors of ruminant-associated bartonellae.  相似文献   

Interaction of the attenuated recombinant rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP virus with macrophages from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)     

Romero A  Dios S  Bremont M  Figueras A  Novoa B 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,140(1-2):119-129

One of the most important threats to the salmonid aquaculture industry is infection caused by novirhabdoviruses such as infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) or viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV). Using reverse genetics, an avirulent recombinant rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP strain was generated, which was able to replicate as effectively as wild type IHNV in a fish cell line and in macrophages. Although this recombinant virus induced protective responses against IHNV and VHSV, the response did not involve the production of antibodies or modulate the expression of some antiviral genes. To determine the immune mechanisms underlying the protection conferred by the rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP virus, different immune parameters (NO production, respiratory burst activity and the induction of apoptosis) were assessed in the macrophage population. The results obtained in the present work may indicate that the Nv protein could be important in the modulation of NO and ROS production. rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP did not appear to have a clear effect on nitric oxide production or apoptosis. However, an increased respiratory burst activity (with levels induced by the recombinant virus significantly higher than the levels induced by the wild type virus), suggests a stimulation of the macrophage population, which could be related to the protection against virulent viruses.  相似文献   

Active surveillance of bat rabies in France: a 5-year study (2004-2009)     

Picard-Meyer E  Dubourg-Savage MJ  Arthur L  Barataud M  Bécu D  Bracco S  Borel C  Larcher G  Meme-Lafond B  Moinet M  Robardet E  Wasniewski M  Cliquet F 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,151(3-4):390-395

Active surveillance of bats in France started in 2004 with an analysis of 18 of the 45 bat species reported in Europe. Rabies antibodies were detected in six indigenous species, mainly in Eptesicus serotinus and Myotis myotis, suggesting previous contact with the EBLV-1 rabies virus. Nineteen of the 177 tested bats were shown serologically positive in seven sites, particularly in central and south-western France. Neither infectious viral particles nor viral genomes were detected in 173 and 308 tested oral swabs, respectively. The presence of neutralising antibodies in female bats (18.6%) was significantly higher than in males (5.6%).  相似文献   

Determination and application of cut points for accelerometer-based activity counts of activities with differing intensity in pet dogs     

Michel KE  Brown DC 《American journal of veterinary research》2011,72(7):866-870

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Acid invertase as a serious candidate to control the balance sucrose versus (glucose + fructose) of banana fruit during ripening     

Bernard Fils-Lycaon  Philippe Julianus  Marc Chillet  Colette Galas  Olivier Hubert  Dominique Rinaldo  Didier Mbéguié-A-Mbéguié 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Six banana varieties: 3 ‘dessert’ ones: ‘IDN 110’; ‘Kirun’; and ‘Grande Naine’, and 3 ‘cooking’ ones: ‘Galéo’; ‘Sowmuk’; and ‘French’ were used to investigate the relationship between sugar profiles and activities of sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS, EC 2.4.1.14), sucrose synthase (SuSy, EC 2.4.1.13) working in the hydrolytic way, invertases (EC 3.2.1.26) (neutral (NIV) and acid (AIV)). Expression of a Musa cell-wall invertase (MaCwINV1/pBANUU103) gene was additionally studied during fruit development and ripening ex planta after ethylene treatment of two of these varieties. Close amounts of soluble sugars (sucrose + glucose + fructose) were measured in the different varieties at ripe stage. SPS activity was either almost constant or increased continuously or transitorily during ripening of all varieties, concomitantly to total soluble sugar (sucrose + glucose + fructose) accumulation. Together with previous data obtained from ‘Cavendish’, our data lead us, (i) to strengthen the hypothesis that this enzyme is likely to have a major role in the synthesis of sucrose during ripening of banana and (ii) to underline the complexity of the mode of SPS activity regulation already pointed out. Interestingly, for the first time in banana, two diploid and cooking varieties: ‘Galéo’ and ‘Sowmuk’ were found almost sucrose-free, in good agreement with a 6.4-fold higher mostly vacuolar AIV activity than that of the two desserts and diploid ones. Otherwise, expression of a MaCwINV1/pBANUU103 (cell wall) gene was followed in the two most contrasted varieties in matter of sucrose content: ‘Sowmuk’ almost sucrose-free, and ‘IDN 110’ accumulating high level of sucrose. Compared to ‘IDN110’, the mRNA level of MaCwINV1/pBANUU103 gene was higher (up to 173-fold) in ‘Sowmuk’ concomitantly with the low level of sucrose of ‘Sowmuk’. Our data let us to conclude that the AIV is probably one of the main determinants involved in the regulation of sucrose level during banana fruit ripening, even if the form, vacuolar or cell wall-linked is not determined yet. Otherwise, the MaCwINV1/pBANUU103 gene appears as a putative candidate gene that could contribute to regulate this level.  相似文献