Effect of long-term organic and mineral fertilizer on physical properties in root zone of a clayey Ultisol     

Mohamed Bassouny 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2016,62(6):819-828

To explore the effects of long-term organic and mineral fertilization practices on the physical properties in Ultisol of south China, a study was conducted since 1998 to investigate the effects of a control (CK), application of chemical fertilizers (NPK), application of organic manure (OM), and NPK fertilizer plus straw returning (NPK + straw). Results showed that OM significantly increased soil water retention capacity at all tensions but with larger increment in low tension at depths of 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm (p < 0.05) when compared with the CK. On the contrary, NPK and NPK + straw led to a decrease in soil water retention capacity under chemical treatments. In the field both in wet and dry periods, soil water content was significantly higher in OM than in NPK + straw and NPK (p < 0.05) since soil hydraulic conductivity (saturated and unsaturated) are lower in OM than in other treatments (p < 0.05). OM was also found to have the lowest soil bulk density and penetration resistance of the four treatments. A high negative correlation was observed between the soil organic carbon and the bulk density and the penetration resistance (p < 0.01). In this way, the application of OM improved the clayey soil physical properties.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides on growth,body composition and intestine of the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)          下载免费PDF全文

Mohamed Salem  Magdy Mohamed Gaber  Mohamed Ab‐dal Zaki  Abd Aziz Nour 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(11):3516-3525

The effect of Bio‐Mos incorporated into feed formulation on the growth, feed utilization, body composition and histological response of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) was investigated. Final fish weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein productive value (PPV) and energy utilization (EU) of sea bass feed Bio‐Mos supplemented diet and the control diet were determined at the end of experiment. Data present mean ± SD from triplicate determination (n = 3) for a 75‐day feeding trial. Different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0. 3.0 and 4.0 g kg diet^?1) of Bio‐Mos supplementation and a control without Bio‐Mos incorporation were fed to the fish, feed in the form of dry diets. Average final weight was significantly higher at 1.0 g kg diet^?1 of Bio‐Mos and lowest in control fish group; SGR significantly higher at the 1.0 g kg diet^?1 of Bio‐Mos. In addition,, PER, PPV and EU showed the same trend. The chemical body composition, crude protein, dry matter, crude fat and ash were significant (P ≤ 0.01) compared to control groups. We concluded that 1.0 g kg diet^?1 of Bio‐Mos improved the growth, feed efficiency, histology intestine and survival of sea bass.  相似文献   

Effect of some protein hydrolysates against gray mould of table and wine grapes     

Nihed Lachhab  Simona M. Sanzani  Mohamed Ali Bahouaoui  Maurizio Boselli  Antonio Ippolito 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2016,144(4):821-830

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Study of some resistance mechanisms to Orobanche spp. infestation in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) breeding lines in Tunisia     

Imen Trabelsi  Zouhaier Abbes  Moez Amri  Mohamed Kharrat 《Plant Production Science》2016,19(4):562-573

The behavior of seven faba bean breeding lines toward Orobanche foetida and Orobanche crenata infestation was examined under field, pots, and in vitro conditions and compared to reference cultivars. The breeding lines presented resistance reaction to Orobanche spp. in different experiment conditions. In infested field by O. foetida, the grain yield reduction ranged from 55.7 to 83% for the breeding lines compared to 97% for the susceptible cultivar Badï. Lines L6 and L7 were the less affected by Orobanche parasitism considering severity, number of emerged Orobanche, and yield. In pots, the number of attachments varied from .6 to 3.4 and from 1.4 to 6.4 for the breeding lines against 10.4 and 12.3 for Badï inoculated, respectively, by O. foetida and O. crenata. In Petri dish experiment, Orobanche germination reached the highest rates; 69.9 and 59.7%, respectively, with O. crenata and O. foetida for Badï. For the breeding lines, it ranged from 6.3 to 44.9% for O. crenata and from 4.8 to 40.8% for O. foetida. Moreover, all breeding lines showed low tubercles number and delay in Orobanche attachments as compared to Badï. All breeding lines, except L5, maintained an acceptable level of resistance to Orobanche species manifested by a reduced Orobanche germination rate, low Orobanche number and dry weight, delay of attachments, and higher grain production compared to Badï. L5 seems to be less resistant even it behaves better than Badï in different culture conditions. The studied breeding lines could be recommended as resistance sources or candidates for varieties registrations.  相似文献   

Dielectric relaxation phenomena in flax fibers composite     

Mayssa Karray  Asma Triki  Christophe Poilâne  Pascal Picart  Mohamed Gargouri 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(1):88-96

In this work, a study of the dynamic dielectric analysis of the unidirectional epoxy composite: flax-fibre-reinforced epoxy (FFRE) was investigated. In this composite, three relaxation processes were identified. The first one is the water dipoles polarization imputed to the presence of polar water molecules in flax fiber. The second relaxation process associated with conductivity occurs as a result of the carriers charges diffusion. As for the third dielectric relaxation associated with the interfacial polarization effect is attributable to the accumulation of charges at the fibers/matrix interface. The analysis of the Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars (MWS) and the water dipoles polarizations using the Havriliak-Negami model revealed the high adhesion of flax fibers in the matrix. This analysis was supported by the thermal properties using a Differential Scanning Calorimety (DSC).  相似文献   

Genetic variation in target‐site resistance to pyrethroids and pirimicarb in Tunisian populations of the peach potato aphid,Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)          下载免费PDF全文

Kamel Charaabi  Sonia Boukhris‐Bouhachem  Mohamed Makni  Brian Fenton  Ian Denholm 《Pest management science》2016,72(12):2313-2320

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Scale insect species (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in Syria          下载免费PDF全文

A. M. Basheer  L. Asslan  A. Saleh  N. Diab  E. Mohamed 《EPPO Bulletin》2016,46(2):305-307

Scale insects in Syria were surveyed between 2009 and 2015. This study showed that Diaspididae and Coccidae were the most common families, comprising 5 and 8 species, respectively. The remaining families found comprised 1 species each. New records of Coccoidea fauna from Syria were Parlatoria blanchardi, Phoenicococcus marlatti, Coccus hesperidum, Coccus pseudomagnoliarum and Chionaspis etrusca.  相似文献   

Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp carotovorum causing soft rot disease of potatoes in Morocco     

Hind Faquihi  Meriam Terta  Mohamed Amdan  El Hassan Achbani  M. Mustapha Ennaji  Rajaa Ait Mhand 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2015,143(4):801-811

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Risk assessment of pesticide residues in South African raw wheat     

Mohamed Aqiel Dalvie  Leslie London 《Crop Protection》2009,28(10):864-869

The presence of pesticide residues in wheat produced and imported in South Africa was determined and their health risks assessed. Pesticides were detected in all local (median = 1, range: 1–3, n = 71) and imported (median = 1, range: 1–6, n = 13) samples. Multiple pesticides (>1 pesticide) were detected in about 30% local samples and 39% imported samples. Eight different pesticides were detected in total. The most frequently detected pesticides were mercaptothion (99%), permethrin (19%) and chlorpyrifos (17%). Nine (11%) samples exceeded the EU wheat MRL for permethrin (0.05 mg/kg) which included 7 (10%) local samples and 2 (15%) imported samples. The highest fenitrothion level (0.65 mg/kg) corresponds to an intake that was below but near the estimated short-term safety threshold. The results call for an investigation into the levels of pesticide residues in cereal-based food and for tighter regulation and regular monitoring by government and industry.  相似文献   

Effect of growth stage on the content and composition of the essential oil and phenolic fraction of sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.)     

Ibtissem Hamrouni Sellami  Emna Maamouri  Thouraya Chahed  Wissem Aidi Wannes  Mohamed Elyes Kchouk  Brahim Marzouk 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,30(3):395-402

The variation in the content and composition of Origanum majorana L. essential oil has been studied. Plant material has been harvested at four phenological stages (early vegetative, late vegetative, budding and full-flowering). Essential oil yield varied from 0.04 to 0.09% reached during the full-flowering stage. Analysis of the essential oils by GC and GC/MS revealed the presence of 38 components represented mainly by oxygenated monoterpenes (64.01–71.4%), monoterpene hydrocarbons (21.73–29.92%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (1.47–4.05%). The main components were terpinen-4-ol (29.13–32.57%), cis-sabinene hydrate (19.9–29.27%), trans-sabinene hydrate (3.5–11.61%), γ-terpinene (2.11–8.20%), bornyl acetate (1.52–2.94%) and linalool (1.05–1.39%). On the other hand, phenolic contents varied from 2.706 to 6.834 mg/g of dry weight obtained during the later vegetative stage. RP-HPLC analysis of the methanolic extract of O. majorana L. dried aerial parts showed the predominance of phenolic acids during the early vegetative stage whereas flavonoids predominate during the other stages of growth. The main phenolic acids identified were trans-2-hydroxycinnamic, rosmarinic, vanillic, chlorogenic, gallic and cinnamic whereas the main flavonoids were amentoflavone, apigenin, quercetin, luteolin, coumarin and rutin. Results obtained showed that later vegetative stage is characterized by the highest contents of bioactive compounds and therefore it could be considered as the best stage for harvesting marjoram plants.  相似文献