RM12 similar to substance P from tachykinin of freshwater murrel Channa striatus influence intracellular ROS in vitro fish erythrocytes and developmental toxicity and antioxidant enzymes in vivo zebrafish embryo     

Raju  Stefi V.  Mukherjee  Arnab  Sarkar  Purabi  Issac  Praveen Kumar  Lite  Christy  Paray  Bilal Ahmad  Al-Sadoon  Mohammad K.  Al-Mfarij  Abdul Rahman  Arockiaraj  Jesu 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2021,47(4):1073-1085

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A comparative study of selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in normal and breast cancer patients     

Moradi M  Hassan Eftekhari M  Talei A  Rajaei Fard A 《Public health nutrition》2009,12(1):59-63

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Effects of mixed cropping, earthworms (Pheretima sp.), and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae) on plant yield, mycorrhizal colonization rate, soil microbial biomass, and nitrogenase activity of free-living rhizosphere bacteria     

Mohammad Javad Zarea  Amir Ghalavand  Farhad Rejali 《Pedobiologia》2009,52(4):223-235

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Corms as a source of explants for the successful clonal propagation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Crocus cancellatus</Emphasis>     

Mahdi Ahouran  Ramin Hosseini  Reza Zarghami 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2012,15(1):47-51

The genus Crocus comprises plants with a potential to be developed as a new ornamental crop but to date, there are not many reports on in vitro propagation of many members of this genus. The present study involves in vitro propagation of Crocus cancellatus with ornamental and horticultural value. Two different types of corm explants (apical and basal halves of corms) were cultivated onto Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with different levels of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). One to five cormlets emerged from every responding explant through direct organogenesis. Apical halves of corms were more highly responsive than basal halves and produced a maximum multiplication rate with 3.45 ± 0.06 cormlets per explant in 95.33 ± 2.33% of the explants in MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and 2 mg L⁻¹ NAA and 1 mg L⁻¹ BAP. The effect of cold storage temperature on in vitro cormlets sprouting was studied. Cormlets stored at 4°C for 8 weeks had more statistically significant positive effects on cormlets sprouting from the controls. In vitro rooting of cormlets was induced on MS medium without plant hormones.  相似文献   

Parasitoids belonging to the genus Aphytis Howard (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) in Citrus orchards in Lattakia,Syria     

A. Basheer  L. Asslan  F. Abd Al‐razzaq  A. Saleh  B. Alshadidi  E. Mohammad 《EPPO Bulletin》2012,42(3):580-584

A survey of the common Aphytis spp. Howard (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) parasitoids was carried out at four citrus orchards (which were not treated with chemical pesticides) in AL‐Hanade, Stamo, Tarjano and Hmaiem in Lattakia Governorate from September 2010 to September 2011. Six parasitoid species of the genus Aphytis were reared from living armoured scale insects isolated in four states. They were Aphytis lepidosaphes (Compere), Aphytis lingnanesis (Compere), Aphytis chrysomphali (Mercet), Aphytis melinus (DeBach), Aphytis maculicornis (Masi) and Aphytis hispanicus (Mercet).  相似文献   

Inhibitory activity of proteinaceous α-amylase inhibitors from Triticale seeds against Eurygaster integriceps salivary α-amylases: Interaction of the inhibitors and the insect digestive enzymes     

Mohammad Mehrabadi  Reza MehrabadiHoushang Alizadeh 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2012,102(3):220-228

In many countries, the Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) is one of the most important insect pests of wheat. Chemical control of E. integriceps is not efficient making it essential to find other control methods. Plant α-amylase inhibitors expressed as transgenes have emerged as a promising way of controlling insect pests and several crop species expressing transgenic amylase inhibitors have been shown to be resistant to certain insect pest. Here we report inhibition of salivary α-amylases of E. integriceps by semi-purified proteinaceous α-amylase inhibitors from Triticale (TAI). A dose dependent trend of inhibition of the enzyme was observed using TAI with an I₅₀ value of 0.79 μg of TAI. At the highest concentration of the inhibitor used here, we found 87% inhibition of amylase activity. The inhibitory activity was maximal at pH at 5.0, which is in accordance with the pH optimum of the salivary gland enzymes. Kinetic studies of enzyme-inhibitor interaction revealed a kind of partial mixed inhibition with an apparent inhibitory constant value (K_i[app]) of 1.1 μg of TAI against salivary α-amylase in the assay medium. In gel inhibition assays showed that all isoforms of salivary glands α-amylase were sensitive to the TAI, although to different degrees. Moreover, the effectiveness of TAI was retained in different stages of pre-oral and oral digestion of E. integriceps, although some inhibitory activity was lost, possibly by the action of the insect proteases. These findings indicate that TAI shows promise for use in the management of this pest. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of inhibitor-insect digestive enzymes interaction, based on the insect feeding strategy and digestion process.  相似文献   

Pathological features of salivary gland cysts in a Shiba dog with GM1 gangliosidosis: a possible misdiagnosis as malignancy     

Rahman MM  Kawaguchi H  Miyoshi N  Yabuki A  Nakamoto Y  Ozawa T  Yamato O 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(4):485-489

Salivary gland cysts are often concurrent with GM1 gangliosidosis in Shiba dogs. Although the etiology is unknown, these cysts may be misdiagnosed as malignant due to the accumulation of foamy cells. The present study investigated the cytological, histopathological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic characteristics of salivary gland cysts in a Shiba dog affected with GM1 gangliosidosis. The salivary gland masses were surgically enucleated and examined clinicopathologically and pathologically in a 7-month-old Shiba dog with GM1 gangliosidosis. Many large cells with rich cytoplasm including vacuoles of various sizes, i.e., foamy cells, were observed in stamp smears from the cut-surface of the masses and histopathologically in major parts of the cyst wall. Some of these foamy cells presented features similar to a spider-web appearance. The foamy cells were confirmed to have originated from macrophages based on marked immunohistochemical expression of vimentin, HLA-DR, lysozyme and Iba1. An ultrastructural study demonstrated electron-dense vesicular structures in the vacuolated cells. Therefore, the masses were diagnosed pathologically as benign salivary gland cysts with accumulation of foamy cells. In conclusion, the histopathological features of the salivary gland cysts in this Shiba dog were similar to those of lipoma and/or liposarcoma. In such cases, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examinations were useful in the differential diagnosis. Practitioners, clinical pathologists and pathologists should take GM1 gangliosidosis into consideration when they encounter salivary gland cysts in Shiba dogs.  相似文献   

Effect of RNA interference of BID and BAX mRNAs on apoptosis in granulosa cell-derived KGN cells     

Sai T  Matsuda F  Goto Y  Maeda A  Sugimoto M  Gao HM  Kabir AK  Li JY  Manabe N 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2012,58(1):112-116

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Comparative mutant prevention concentration and mechanism of resistance to veterinary fluoroquinolones in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius     

Awji EG  Tassew DD  Lee JS  Lee SJ  Choi MJ  Reza MA  Rhee MH  Kim TH  Park SC 《Veterinary dermatology》2012,23(4):376-80, e68-9

Background – The problem of antibacterial drug resistance is increasing worldwide, in part due to the therapeutic concentrations currently used based on the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) as a measure of potency are often the very concentrations required to selectively enrich the resistant mutant portion of the population. A mutant prevention concentration (MPC)‐based dosing strategy is suggested to improve the therapeutic outcome based on the MIC. Objective – Our aim was to investigate the MPC and mechanism of resistance to various fluoroquinolones using recent Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from canine pyoderma. Methods – The broth microdilution method for MIC and a series of agar plates containing different concentrations of fluoroquinolones were inoculated with ～10¹⁰ colony‐forming units of the bacterial culture for MPC were used. PCR was used to identify mutation in the resistant isolates. Results – The rank order of potency based on MIC and MPC was ciprofloxacin = enrofloxacin ≥ marbofloxacin > difloxacin ≥ orbifloxacin. Integrating our data with reported pharmacokinetic data at the recommended dose ranges revealed that only high doses of ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin could achieve a maximal plasma concentration (C_max) greater than the MPC of 90% of isolates (C_max/MPC₉₀). The overall rank of potency against S. pseudintermedius, based on C_max/MIC, C_max/MPC, the area under concentration–time curve (AUC)/MIC and AUC/MPC values, was in decreasing order: enrofloxacin > ciprofloxacin ≥ marbofloxacin ≥ orbifloxacin = difloxacin. Sequencing of the quinolone resistant determining region of gyrA, gyrB, grlA and grlB of resistant strains showed a base‐pair substitution in both gyrA and gyrB that resulted in Ser‐84 to Leu and Ser‐80 to Arg amino acid changes, respectively. Conclusions and clinical importance – High doses of ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin could minimize the selection of resistant mutants, whereas the possibility of selecting mutants with the conventional doses of difloxacin and orbifloxacin, and low clinical doses of all fluoroquinolones, seems high.  相似文献   

Molecular characterization of a recent Newcastle disease virus outbreak in Jordan     

Ababneh MM  Dalab AE  Alsaad SR  Al-Zghoul MB  Al-Natour MQ 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(3):1512-1514

Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious viral disease and is a continuous threat to the poultry industry worldwide. In the early months of 2011, several devastating ND outbreaks occurred in Jordan affecting broilers, layers and breeders. The fusion gene of the isolated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was partially amplified by RT-PCR, then directly sequenced. The NDV isolates were found to have the motif(112)RRQKRF(117). This motif and a mean death time (MDT) of 46h are indicative of the velogenic nature of these NDV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the new NDV strain belongs to the lineage 5d (Aldous et al., 2003) and is closely related to the Chinese strain SG/Liaoning/2009. NDV outbreaks in 2010 and 2011 have been noted in neighboring countries. Based on the high nucleotide similarity between our isolated NDV isolates and the Chinese NDV strain, the origin of these recent NDV isolates might be from China.  相似文献