Improvement in estimation of soil water retention using fractal parameters and multiobjective group method of data handling     

Mohammad Reza Neyshaburi  Hossein Bayat  Kourosh Mohammadi  Nader Nariman-Zadeh  Mahdi Irannejad 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(2):257-273

Soil water retention characteristic is required for modeling of water and substance movement in unsaturated soils and need to be estimated using indirect methods. Point pedotransfer functions (PTFs) for prediction of soil water content at matric suctions of 1, 5, 25, 50, and 1500 kPa were developed and validated using a data-set of 148 soil samples from Hamedan and Guilan provinces, Iran, by multiobjective group method of data handling (mGMDH). In addition to textural and structural properties, fractal parameters of the power-law fractal models for both particles and aggregates distributions were also included as predictors. Their inclusion significantly improved the PTFs’ accuracy and reliability. The aggregate size distribution fractal parameters ranked next to the particle size distribution (PSD) in terms of prediction accuracy. The mGMDH-derived PTFs were significantly more reliable than those by artificial neural networks but their accuracies were practically the same. Similarity between the fractal behavior of particle and void size distributions may contribute to the improvement of the derived PTFs using PSD fractal parameters. It means that both distributions of the pore and particle size represent the fractal behavior and can be described by fractal models.  相似文献   

Shoot growth,plant tissue elemental composition,and soil salinity following irrigation of alfalfa and tall fescue with high‐sulfate waters 1     

Jennifer W. MacAdam  Daniel T. Drost  Lynn M. Dudley  Nader Soltani 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(9):1137-1153

Groundwater contaminated with sulfate (SO₄ ^2‐) at concentrations higher than allowable for drinking water might still be usable for irrigation. Objectives were to determine the growth response and mineral uptake of two forage crops irrigated with waters containing SO₄ ^2‐ at concentrations ranging from 175 to 1743 mg/L, and with electrical conductivities (EC) ranging from 1.2 to 3.6 dS/m. Plants were grown for 12 weeks in 8‐L pots containing a calcareous sandy loam and were harvested at 4, 8, or 12 weeks for plant growth measurements and tissue analysis. Digested leaves, stems, and reproductive tissues were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy at each harvest, as were saturated soil paste extracts. Shoot growth of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) was not affected by irrigation water treatment, whereas shoot growth of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was increased by a moderate level of soil solution SO₄ ^2‐ Sulfur (S), boron (B), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and zinc (Zn) concentrations in shoot tissues of both species showed a tendency to increase with increasing SO₄ ^2‐ content of irrigation water. Shoot tissue concentration of molybdenum (Mo) increased with maturation in both species, while the concentrations of B, potassium (K), manganese (Mn), Na, and Zn decreased. Soil saturated paste extract concentrations of Mg and Na increased with irrigation water Mg and Na concentrations, while Ca and S concentrations in the soil solution became saturated at the higher irrigation water concentrations of these elements.  相似文献   

Pyloric obstruction secondary to epicardial pacemaker implantation: a case report     

G. Bedoya Nader  H.B. Kellihan  D.E. Bjorling  J. McAnulty 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2017,19(1):95-98

A 10-year old Lhasa Apso dog was presented for an acute history of exercise intolerance and hind limb weakness. High grade second degree atrioventricular block with an atrial rate of 200 beats per minute, ventricular rate of 40 beats per minute and an intermittent ventricular escape rhythm, was diagnosed on electrocardiograph. A transdiaphragmatic, unipolar, epicardial pacemaker was implanted without immediate surgical complications. Severe vomiting was noted 12 h post-operatively. Abdominal ultrasound and a barium study supported a diagnosis of pyloric outflow obstruction and exploratory abdominal surgery was performed. The pyloric outflow tract appeared normal and no other causes of an outflow obstruction were identified. The epicardial generator was repositioned from the right to the left abdominal wall. Pyloric cell pacing was presumed to be the cause for the pyloric obstruction and severe vomiting, and this was thought to be due to close proximity of the pacemaker generator to the pylorus situated in the right abdominal wall. Repositioning of the pulse generator to the left abdominal wall resulted in resolution of vomiting.  相似文献   

Estimation of Rice Evapotranspiration Using Reflective Images of Landsat Satellite in Sefidrood Irrigation and Drainage Network     

Maryam Taherparvar  Nader Pirmoradian 《水稻科学》2018,25(2):111-116

More accurate estimation of crop evapotranspiration(ET_c)in a regional scale has always been one of the most important challenges.Temporal and spatial monitoring of ET_(c )using satellite images can help to enhance accuracy of estimations.In this study,the(ET_c)_(rice) maps were produced by using statistical/experimental methods based on crop coefficient(K_c)maps derived from vegetation index(Ⅵ).K_c was estimated using four methods,including linear relationship between K_c and Ⅵ(K_c-Ⅵ),calibrated model of K_c-Ⅵ,linear relationship between K_(cb)(the basal crop coefficient)and Ⅵ(K_(cb)-Ⅵ),and calibrated model of K_(cb)-Ⅵ.The results showed that calibrated model of K_c-Ⅵ had a better performance compared to the other methods,with normalized root mean square errors(NRMSE),mean absolute error and root mean square error being 5.7%,0.05 mm/d and 0.06mm/d,respectively.(ET_c)_(rice) maps were produced by using calibrated model of K_c-Ⅵ and reference evapotranspiration(ET_0)from FAO Penman-Monteith method.The NRMSE was 21.3%for using FAO Penman-Monteith method.Therefore,calibrated K_c-Ⅵ model in combining with ET_0 based on the Landsat 7 ETM+images could be provided a good estimation of(ET_c)_(rice) in regional scale,and can be applied to estimate water requirement due to the free and facilitate access.  相似文献   

Preliminary assessment of in vivo safety of potentially probiotic lactic acid bacteria for American bullfrog culture          下载免费PDF全文

Sergio E Pasteris  Gabriela Montel Mendoza  Ricardo J Llanos  Franco J Pucci Alcaide  María E F Nader‐Macías 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(5):2157-2172

The effect of the administration of beneficial lactic acid bacteria (LAB): Lactococcus lactis CRL 1584, L. lactis CRL 1827, Enterococcus gallinarum CRL 1826 and combined CRL 1584+ CRL 1826 on the development of bullfrog embryos from the hatching stage until 31 days (tadpole) was evaluated. In vitro assays indicated that 10³, 10⁶ and 10⁹ CFU mL^?1 single LAB strains remained viable until 24 h in 10% Ringer. Around 10⁹ CFU mL^?1 LAB (individually and combined) were used in an experimental design built to evaluate their effect when administrated at different intervals (three 7‐day cycles with 5‐day rest periods in between) to embryos until day 31. The highest potentially beneficial population (LAB) numbers were detected in the LAB‐treated groups. All the LAB‐treatments increased it and were significantly higher than the controls. Although the highest, potentially pathogenic, population (Red‐Leg Syndrome‐RLS‐related pathogens) numbers were detected in the control and the lowest in the CRL 1584+ CRL 1826‐treated group, they did not differ significantly. Stereoscopic studies showed no malformations in any LAB‐treated group and all the specimens reached the same stage of their biological cycle with a survival >94%. The histological structure of target organs for RLS‐associated pathogens (intestine and skin) and stomach was not affected and the spleen was developed. Only the LAB‐treated groups showed microorganisms associated with the intestinal mucus, without inflammatory reaction in the lamina propria. This is the first report on the evaluation of the absence of adverse effects after LAB administration to bullfrog embryos using indigenous microorganisms.  相似文献   

Effects of selenium supplementation in cattle on aquatic ecosystems in northern California.     

B Norman  G Nader  M Oliver  R Delmas  D Drake  H George 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,201(6):869-872

The potential impact on aquatic ecosystems of supplementing the diets of beef cattle with selenium (Se) was studied on 4 northern California ranches. All study sites included an area of concentrated use by cattle that had diets supplemented with Se. In each case, a stream flowed through the site and provided a control sampling area upstream and a treated sampling area downstream. Specimens of water, sediment, algae, aquatic plants, aquatic invertebrates, and fish were analyzed fluorometrically for total Se content. Significant differences in Se concentration were not found between specimens from upstream control areas and those from downstream areas subjected to use by Se-treated cattle. Evidence was not found that Se supplementation in cattle at maximal permitted concentrations caused Se accumulation in associated aquatic ecosystems.  相似文献   

Tuberculous infection in cattle not detected by slaughterhouse inspection   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

I N de Kantor  A Nader  A Bernardelli  D O Girón  E Man 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1987,34(3):202-205

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Differences in susceptibility to Haemophilus parasuis infection in pigs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Isabel Blanco  Ana Canals  Gary Evans  Martha A. Mellencamp  Carmen Cia  Nader Deeb  Lizhen Wang    Lucina Galina-Pantoja 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2008,72(3):228-235

In animal breeding programs, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) markers can be used to identify sires that are less susceptible to disease. These DNA markers are typically discovered in populations that display differences in susceptibility. To find those differences, it was hypothesized that sires influence their offspring responses to infection with H. parasuis. To identify differences in susceptibility, colostrum-deprived pigs derived from 6 sires were inoculated with a virulent strain of H. parasuis serovar 5. Pigs were infected at 21-d of age and euthanized 1, 2, or 3 days post-infection. Rectal temperatures, bacterial detection, clinical signs, and lesions were measured by comparing disease susceptibility in the offspring from each sire. The effect of the sire on the severity of disease in the offspring was statistically analyzed using to a 2-way ANOVA with sire and test day as fixed effects. Significant differences among sires were found for lesions, rectal temperatures from days 0-1 and 0-2 (P < 0.05) and marginal effects for clinical signs (P = 0.08). On average, the offspring of sire H94 was the most susceptible to challenge. Responses to infection were categorized to determine the clinical responses and analyzed by Chi square. Overall, 10% of all pigs infected were fully resistant to H. parasuis infection. Boar H94 didn't produce any fully resistant offspring. Differences in susceptibility to H. parasuis were observed, and the results support the hypothesis that sires influence their offspring's response to infection. Tissues from this population could be used to identify DNA markers for genetic selection of sires that produce offspring more resistant to H. parasuis infection.  相似文献   

Salinity Tolerance Ranking Of Various Wheat Landraces From The West Of The Urmia Saline Lake In Iran By Using Physiological Parameters     

Nader Chaparzadeh  Younes Aftabi  Meysam Dolati  Faramarz Mehrnejad 《Journal of plant nutrition》2014,37(7):1025-1039

In recent years, considerable interest has been focused on the use of physiological parameters as selection criteria in salt tolerance ranking. Eighteen bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces from the west area of the Urmia Saline Lake were grown in a greenhouse in the Department of Plant Biology and Halophytes Biotechnology Center, Azarbaijan University of Tarbiyat Moallem, Tabriz, Iran to study the effects of increasing levels of sodium chloride (NaCl) (control, 75, and 150 mM) on the plant leaves. The experimental design was factorial with a randomized complete block with three replications. The results showed salinity caused an obvious decrease in growth of all landraces. Physiological parameters such as lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) content, and cell membrane injury increased with increasing salinity levels with different degrees among the landraces. Salt stress increased the sodium (Na⁺) accumulation coupled with a decrease in leaf potassium (K⁺) depending on salinity levels. The analysis of variance showed significant effects of salinity, landraces and their interactions in all studied parameters. The landraces were ranked for salt tolerance indexes, and cluster group ranking ordered landraces from tolerant to sensitive and their properties for salt stress tolerance are open for further research.  相似文献   

Morphology of the tongue and laryngeal entrance in the Common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus); a light and scanning electron microscopic study     

Seyed Mohammad Payam Elyasi  Nader Goodarzi 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(1):23-31

The present work was carried out to describe morphological features of the tongue and laryngeal entrance of the Common pheasantPhasianus colchicus, using light and scanning electron microscopy. The lingual apex was taper-shaped with a shallow median sulcus. A V-shaped papillary crest with 15–20 caudally directed conical papillae was located between the radix and corpus linguae. The second row of papillae consisting of three caudolaterally directed conical papillae was arranged caudal to the main papillary crest. The mons laryngealis was equipped caudally with a double-layer of large conical papillae as pharyngeal crest, and few small conical papillae were seen around the glottis. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation showed that the apex linguae and corpus were covered with compact filiform papillae, while the radix linguae were free of papillae. Numerous openings of salivary gland can be seen on the radix linguae and mons laryngealis at higher magnification. On histological sections, all parts of the tongue and mons laryngealis were covered with a keratinised stratified squamous epithelium. The keratinised layer became thinner rostro-caudally. The simple alveolar salivary glands were distributed in the submucosa from the apex linguae to the radix linguae as well as the mons laryngealis. PAS staining revealed mucin-secreting activity of this glands. According to the findings, although the tongue and laryngeal entrance of the Common pheasant is characteristics of a galliform bird, it has some features similar to passeriformes and falconiformes.  相似文献