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21.
Dhirendra Prasad Thakur Katsuji Morioka Naoya Itoh Mizuho Wada Yoshiaki Itoh 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(6):1489-1498
The study was conducted to evaluate the meat texture, muscle proximate composition, lipid class composition, and collagen
content of cultured amberjack and to compare these parameters with those of the yellowtail. Our results showed that the meat
texture of cultured amberjack was tougher and had a lower degree of seasonality than that of cultured yellowtail. Muscle lipid
and collagen content also varied in the two fish species over the study period. Meat breaking strength was not correlated
with any of the muscle constituents, indicating that variations in the meat texture of cultured amberjack was not directly
influenced by the changes in the muscle biochemical constituents. 相似文献
22.
Ezawa A Gocho F Saitoh M Tamura T Kawata K Takahashi T Kikuchi N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(7):779-784
A long-term study was performed on the prevalence of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157 in bovine faeces. The present study was conducted on heifers raised on a farm showing a high isolation rate of EHEC O157 in previous years. The prevalence of EHEC O157 isolated from faecal samples was 10.6% (222/2104), 5.6% (181/3225), and 5.6% (153/2744) from 1998 to 2000, respectively. The numbers of EHEC O157-positive heifers for the same 3 years were 46.3% (185/400), 36.8% (147/399), and 31.7% (130/410), respectively. The seasonal prevalence of EHEC O157 varied according to the year. Most positive heifers excreted the EHEC O157 only once during the survey, though it was excreted 2 or 3 times by some heifers. The results obtained in the present study showed that the farm examined was heavily contaminated with EHEC O157. It is assumed that EHEC O157 does not remain in individual cattle long-term, but does exist long-term on farms due to repeated infection. 相似文献
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24.
Soichi?TanakaEmail author Yuko?Fujiwara Yoshihisa?Fujii Shogo?Okumura Hiroyoshi?Togo Naoya?Kukutsu Tadao?Nagatsuma 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(3):189-194
The attenuation coefficients of 100-GHz millimeter waves polarized linearly were measured for cross-cut, quarter-sawn, and
flat-sawn boards of hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) that were 0.2–2.0 cm thick. This was done to examine the applicability of free-wave propagation theory for applying electromagnetic
waves to wood. It was found that the transmittance of a millimeter wave through the specimen boards was lower when the fiber
direction of a board was parallel to the direction of the electric field of the incident wave than when the fiber direction
was perpendicular to the electric field, and there was little difference in the transmittance between the tangential and radial
directions for the former case. These findings can be quantitatively explained by using propagation theory and the dielectric
properties of wood. 相似文献
25.
Culture and climate change: Japanese cherry blossom festivals and stakeholders’ knowledge and attitudes about global climate change 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ryo Sakurai Susan K. Jacobson Hiromi Kobori Richard Primack Kohei Oka Naoya Komatsu Ryo Machida 《Biological conservation》2011,(1):654-658
Most global climate change models predict serious ecological and social problems. In Japan, biologists have found climate change is affecting species and ecosystems, including the earlier flowering time of cherry trees which are an important cultural symbol in Japan. Cherry blossom festivals are also important to local economies. This study explored the perceptions of Japanese residents regarding climate change impacts on culturally significant events such as flower timing of cherry trees. We conducted interviews of stakeholders of three cherry blossom festivals, including sixteen organizers of festivals and 26 managers of festival-dependent businesses, to understand their awareness, attitudes and behaviors toward global climate change and impacts on cherry blossom festivals. Most organizers of the festival in Kakunodate were concerned about global warming and its impact on cherry blossom times while organizers of festivals in Nakano and Komoro felt it was unimportant if flower timing affected the festival schedule. Most (92%) managers of festival-dependent businesses mentioned that global warming is occurring and affecting the flower timing of cherry trees, but there were diverse perceptions of global warming impacts on their business. Managers more dependent on income from cherry blossom festivals indicated greater concern for the effects of climate change. 相似文献
26.
Kitao N Yahata T Matsumoto T Okamatsu-Ogura Y Omachi A Kimura K Saito M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(10):1065-1068
Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is present exclusively in brown adipose tissue, and contributes to body temperature control during cold exposure. We cloned UCP1 cDNA of plateau pika (Ochotona dauurica), a small, non-hibernating, diurnal lagomorph that inhabits in relatively cold climates and at high altitudes in Mongolia and in northern China. The nucleotide sequence of pika UCP1 was highly homologous to UCP1 of other species, and the deduced amino acid sequence had some common domains for UCP, including six mitochondrial carrier protein motifs and a putative purine-nucleotide binding site. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses revealed that both UCP1 mRNA and protein were expressed exclusively in the interscapular adipose tissue. These results suggest that pika UCP1 contributes to heat production in brown adipose tissue, as do those in other species. 相似文献
27.
Ayano Shudo Kazuhiko Tarora Yuko Makishi Ryotaro Ichi Ken Takahashi Masato Matsumura Sayaka Shimabuku Noboru Matsuda Satoshi Nakasone Naoya Urasaki 《Euphytica》2013,190(3):345-355
To develop cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers for the identification of true hybrids in F1 progeny, we cloned sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) genes from 19 mango cultivars. Through comparison of amino acid sequences in a BLASTX search, cloned SS and SPS genes were found to be homologs of Citrus unshiu CitSUS1 (AB022092) and CitSPS1 (O22060), respectively. Therefore, we designated the SS and SPS genes as MiSUS1 and MiSPS1, respectively. There were 11 genotypes in MiSUS1 and 10 in MiSPS1 sequences. In the MiSUS1 nucleotide sequences, 46 SNPs and 5 in/dels were detected. Twenty-six out of the 46 SNPs mapped on the restriction enzyme recognition sites were successfully converted to 25 CAPS markers. In the MiSPS1 nucleotide sequences, 99 SNPs and 6 in/dels were detected. Thirty out of 99 SNPs and 2 out of 6 in/dels mapped on the recognition sites were also converted to 32 CAPS markers. By using two CAPS markers, SS-2798 and SPS-5745, we identified 37 true hybrids that had different genotypes to ‘Irwin’ from 82 F1 progeny obtained through a cross between ‘Irwin’, the maternal parent, and paternal parents by using flies as pollinators. The method developed here to identify true hybrids is a simple, rapid and highly reliable tool for efficient mango breeding. 相似文献
28.
Naoya Urasaki Shinji Kawano Hiroyuki Mukai Takashi Uemori Osamu Takeda Teruo Sano 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(2):151-155
We developed a detection method for “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”, causal agent of citrus huanglongbing, using isothermal and chimeric primer-initiated amplification
of nucleic acids combined with cycling probe technology (Cycleave ICAN). With Cycleave ICAN, the reaction was done in one
tube in 1 h without the need for electrophoresis, and false positives were not generated. In addition, Cycleave ICAN method
was more sensitive than the conventional PCR method. Cycleave ICAN helps shorten the time for the large-scale detection needed
to manage huanglongbing. 相似文献
29.
Jun Hayakawa Tomohiko Kawamura Satoshi Ohashi Naoya Ohtsuchi Hiroaki Kurogi Yoshiro Watanabe 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(2):309-325
To understand the effects of predation by gastropods on juveniles of the Japanese spiny turban snail Turbo cornutus, a field survey and laboratory experiments were conducted. The species compositions of the order Neogastropoda inside turfs
of articulated coralline algae (ACA) on the east coast of Sagami Bay were surveyed monthly, and the dominant species inside
the ACA turfs were identified. Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the effects of predation by the dominant neogastropods
on small gastropods in ACA turfs. Turban snails, which inhabit ACA turfs during their juvenile stages, were predated by two
muricid gastropods, Ergalatax contractus and Thais bronni, with the predation rate of E. contractus being significantly higher than that of T. bronni. While E. contractus could also predate two other species of gastropods, Anachis misera and Cantharidus japonicus, the predation rates on these two snails were significantly lower than on T. cornutus. The observed defensive behaviors were different among the three prey species, and the defensive strategy related to the
calcified operculum of T. cornutus was not efficient against predation by E. contractus. It is concluded that the predation by E. contractus represents an important factor in the mortality of juvenile turban snails inside ACA turfs. 相似文献
30.
Go Fujita Kumiko Totsu Yoshimi Matsuoka Wataru Kitamura Naoya Masuda 《Biological conservation》2009,142(9):1891-1898
The little tern (Sterna albifrons) is a species of shorebird that nests in colonies on sandy beaches and riverbanks with little vegetation cover. In Japan, the natural breeding habitats of the terns have decreased drastically, and the species is listed under the category “vulnerable” in the Red List of the Government of Japan. To reduce the effects of habitat loss on the terns, conservationists are attempting to create and manage artificial colony sites in highly developed landscapes, such as reclaimed lands located in Tokyo Bay, central Japan. We present the factors that contribute to breeding success for this species and the habitat characteristics related to nest-site selection in the artificial colony sites along Tokyo Bay. Our data show that around 3 ha of a building rooftop without vegetation cover could sustain more than 2000 little tern nests. We found a strong positive relationship between colony size and hatching success, observing that a colony size of more than 100 lowered predation rates of eggs. On sites built upon white crushed-concrete, nest densities were high and predation rates of eggs were low. We also found that feeding rates were affected by foraging habitats, of which the best types were the shoreline of sandy beaches and mud flats. The 40 km dispersal range of the breeding terns, inferred from distribution data, should be considered when establishing a network of the multiple colony sites. 相似文献