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Differential aluminum tolerance in some tropical rice cultivars. II. mechanism of aluminum tolerance
Ten‐day‐old seedlings of 22 rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars were subjected to aluminum (Al) stress in nutrient solutions with an initial pH of 4.0±0.1. The rice cultivars exhibited a wide range of response by changing the rhizosphere pH, and the uptake and efficiency ratio (ER) of utilization of nutrients both in the presence (222 μM Al) and absence of Al. In the presence of Al, the cultivars Co 37 and Basmati 370 recorded maximum uptake and highest ER's for calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), and iron (Fe). The cultivars Damodar and ADT 36 performed very poorly in terms of nutrient uptake. The tolerant cultivars (Al‐insensitive) efficiently took up and utilized Ca and P in the presence of Al. The susceptible (Al‐sensitive) and intermediate cultivars exhibited less Ca and P uptake and utilization. There was no apparent relationship between foliar Al content and the efficiency ratios. However, the Al‐tolerant cultivars, Co 37 and Basmati 370, accumulated less Al in their foliage which was the reverse in case for the Al‐susceptible cultivars. Among the 22 rice cultivars tested, Co 37 and Basmati 370 emerged as the most Al‐tolerant. Hence, they would be recommended for cultivation in acidic, infertile soils of the tropics. The results of this study are discussed in terms of identifying the mechanism of Al tolerance or sensitivity among the studied rice cultivars as related to their nutrient metabolism. 相似文献
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Harchand R. Dagla Aarti Paliwal M. S. Rathore N. S. Shekhawat 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(3):283-293
Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forsk.) Decne belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae. It is commonly known as Kheemp in India. L. pyrotechnica is an important component of an arid ecosystem and source of fiber, forage, and medicines. We report here in vitro propagation protocol of L. pyrotechnica. Cotyledonary nodes of in vitro raised seedlings were used as an explant for multiplication of shoots. Shoots were multiplied on Modified Murashige and Skoog's (MMS) medium containing 1.33 μM BAP and additives (50 mg L?1 ascorbic acid and 25 mg L?1 each of citric acid, arginine, and adenine). Cultures were maintained at 30 ± 2°C temperature, 50–60 μmol m?2 s?1 SFP, 12 hr day?1 photoperiod, and 60% relative humidity (RH). In vitro multiplied shoots were rooted in vitro on half-strength MS medium containing 2.46 μM IBA and 100 mg L?1 activated charcoal. Shoots were rooted ex vitro using 2460 μM IBA pretreatment for 15 min. Plantlets were hardened in a greenhouse, and survived on a mixture of sand, garden soil, and organic manure in 3:1:1 ratio in polybags in natural habitats. 相似文献
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Munjal SK Tripathi BN Paliwal OP Boehmer J Homuth M 《Zoonoses and public health》2007,54(3-4):140-146
The diagnosis of subclinical paratuberculosis is still considered a major problem worldwide. As part of investigating diagnostic strategies for the paratuberculosis infection, sequential results of various diagnostic methods in a progressive experimental infection in goats were evaluated. Twenty-three goat kids were divided into three groups: the infected, contact and control, comprising 10, five and eight goats respectively. Animals of the infected group were orally inoculated on seven occasions with 5 ml of inoculum containing 2 x 10(9)Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis per ml. Lymphoycte proliferation test using johnin PPD detected paratuberculosis infection from 60 days post-infection (DPI) onwards. The johnin PPD was found to be a better antigen for the proliferative assays as compared with the sonicated antigen. The faecal smear examination with acid-fast staining detected more goats as positive than bacterial culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Lipoarabinomannan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) started detecting infected goats from 150 DPI onwards followed by indirect ELISA and agar gel immunodiffusion from 180 DPI onwards. Histological examination was confirmatory and detected five infected goats as positive. 相似文献
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