Promotion of growth,yield and fiber quality attributes of Egyptian cotton by bacillus strains in combination with mineral fertilizers     

Sayed Ahmed Hamed  Reda Zewail  Hala Abdalrahman  Ghazal El-Alal Fekry  Kee Woong Park 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(18):2337-2348

Abstract

Implementation of proper management practices using biological approaches is important to maintain soil quality and cotton yield in sandy desert soils of Egypt. This experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Experimental farm, Kafer El-Sheikh governorate, Cotton Research Institute of Egypt during 2016–2017 seasons to study the effect of inoculation with bacterial strains of Bacillus circulance (BC) and Bacillus megatherium (BM) and their co-inoculation in combinations with 50% and 100% of recommended dose fertilization (RDF) on growth, yield, and fiber properties of Egyptian cotton Giza-94. Results showed that all important morphological attributes of cotton such as plant growth, number of fruit sympodial branches, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, lint cotton yield and fiber properties significantly increased with the increase rate of RDF, and inoculation of cotton seeds with the bacterial strains exerted additive effects. The highest increase of cotton yield was observed at the combined use of bacterial strains BC?+?BM with 50% RDF followed by BC?+?BM with 100% RDF treatment which attributed on the cotton yield increase by 33% and 15% compared to the respective control. The application of Bacillus strains as a biofertilizer could be an alternative option to reduce considerable amounts of chemical fertilizers input by enhancing nutrient use efficiency (NUE) and, thereby, improves cotton productivity.  相似文献   

Reproductive response and development of three soil predaceous mites utilizing the acarid miteTyrophagus casei Oud. as an alternate diet     

Prof. Dr. Aly H. Rasmy  A. K. Nasr  A. S. Reda 《Journal of pest science》1987,60(5):92-94

The reproductive potential and development of the three soil predaceous mitesHypoaspis miles (Berlese),Laclaspis zaheri Shereef & Soliman andLasioseius africanus Hafez & Nasr were tested using the acarid mite,Tyrophagus casei Oudemans as an alternate prey. Laboratory studies revealed thatT. casei proved to be a promising diet for the reproduction ofH. miles, while the reproductive response of the other two predaceous mites to such prey was poor although their larvae developed to the adult stage when fed on it.  相似文献   

Supplementation of diets for Oreochromis niloticus with essential oil extracts from lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) and effects on growth,intestinal microbiota,antioxidant and immune activities          下载免费PDF全文

A. A. Al‐Sagheer  H. K. Mahmoud  F. M. Reda  S. A. Mahgoub  M. S. Ayyat 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2018,24(3):1006-1014

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) (LEO) and geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) (GEO) essential oils on growth, immunity, antioxidant responses and disease resistance of Oreochromis niloticus. Fish (3.04 ± 0.003 g) were fed the basal diet (G₁), or the basal diet supplemented with LEO at 200 and 400 mg kg^?1 of the diet (G₂ and G₃), or GEO at 200 and 400 mg kg^?1 of the diet (G₄ and G₅), respectively for 12 weeks. Growth indices and feed utilization were significantly improved with G₂, G₃ and G₅ groups. Also, a significant increase in protein content of the whole body was recorded in all groups. G₂ and G₅ showed a significant rise of both catalase activity and reduced glutathione content with a significant incline in the MDA level. Lysozyme activity and total IgM levels were significantly increased in G₂ and G₅ groups. G₃ and G₅ groups had a significantly lower intestinal total bacteria, Coliforms, Escherichia coli and Aeromonas spp counts. Following challenge with A. hydrophila, all groups had a high survival rate. In conclusion, LEO and GEO could be a candidate dietary supplementation in fish improving growth performance, feed utilization, oxidative status, immune responses and disease resistance.  相似文献   

Proteomic analysis of the mature kernel aleurone layer in common and durum wheat     

S. Meziani  I. Nadaud  B. Gaillard-Martinie  C. Chambon  M. Benali  G. Branlard 《Journal of Cereal Science》2012

The aleurone layer (AL) is one of inner tissues removed from the grain with the wheat bran. It is the main source of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants of potential nutritional value in the wheat kernel. The AL of three varieties of each of the two main species of wheat, Triticum aestivum (ABD) and Triticum durum (AB), were manually dissected and analysed using two-dimensional gel-based proteomics. A total of 1258 and 1109 Coomassie-stained spots were detected in the AL of representatives of the ABD and AB genomes. In two varieties (T. aestivum Chinese Spring and T. durum Bidi17), grown in two different years with full fungicide protection, no quantitative or qualitative (presence/absence) differences in spots were detected, suggesting that AL proteome is strongly genetically controlled. Comparison within and between species revealed a total of 339 AL significant protein spots. Among these spots, 30.8% differed within T. aestivum and 56.5% within T. durum varieties, whereas only 12.7% differed between the two species. Among the 142 AL proteins identified using MALDI-TOF and LC-MS/MS, 57% were globulin type storage proteins (Glo-3, Glo-3B, Glo-3C, Glo-2), 16.2% were involved in carbohydrate metabolism and 17.6% in defence/stress pathways. These variations in AL proteome are discussed.  相似文献   

Fungi associated with root rot and collapse of melon in Italy     

G. Chilosi  R. Reda  M. P. Aleandri  I. Camele  L. Altieri  C. Montuschi  L. Languasco  V. Rossi  G. E. Agosteo  C. Macrì  A. Carlucci  F. Lops  M. Mucci  M. L. Raimondo  S. Frisullo 《EPPO Bulletin》2008,38(1):147-154

Melon represents the most widespread cucurbit in Italy. In recent years melon has been subjected to significant losses in yield and quality due to an increasing number of soil-borne fungal diseases. The collapse of melon, caused by a complex of fungal pathogens, including Monosporascus cannonballus , Acremonium cucurbitacearum , Plectosporium tabacinum and Rhizopycnis vagum , represents one of most destructive diseases worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of collapse throughout melon-producing areas in Italy in recent years, to verify the identification of isolates collected, and to test their pathogenicity on melon and other cucurbits. Several fungi were isolated from symptomatic roots of melons in the Italian production areas. The identification was supported by PCR with a species-specific primer and DNA sequence data. RFLP and sequence analyses showed the existence of a substantial homogeneity among Italian M. cannonballus isolates. Given the self-incompatibility of these isolates it is impossible to ascertain vegetative compatibility groups (VGC) and consequently genetic relatedness cannot be studied. The frequency of isolation of fungal species varied with geographic locations, M. cannonballus being present mainly in Central Italy, while A. cucurbitacearum and P. tabacinum were most common in Apulia. In pathogenicity tests under greenhouse conditions M. cannonballus , A. cucurbitacearum and P. tabacinum caused collapse symptoms and root rots, whereas R. vagum was found to be a weak pathogen.  相似文献   

Diversity in root traits of sorghum genotypes in response to Striga hermonthica infestation          下载免费PDF全文

M Abate  T Hussien  W Bayu  F Reda 《Weed Research》2017,57(5):303-313

Striga hermonthica is a major biotic constraint to agriculture in the lowland areas of Ethiopia where sorghum is a major stable crop. A pot and a field experiment were conducted in 2011 during the rainy season using 10 sorghum genotypes. Each experiment had infested and non‐infested conditions as the main plots and the 10 genotypes as subplots. The aim of this study was to examine the response of root traits of the sorghum genotypes to S. hermonthica infested conditions and to investigate relationships among S. hermonthica, root and growth traits of sorghum genotypes. Sorghum genotypes were categorized in to three groups, that is, low, moderate and high S. hermonthica count groups. Each group showed a differential response to root traits. Low S. hermonthica count groups had significantly lower root length, root length density, root to shoot ratio and root dry weight compared with susceptible groups. In contrast to low S. hermonthica count groups, moderate S. hermonthica count groups had higher root length, root length density, root to shoot ratio and root dry weight. Highly significant and strong relations were observed among root traits of sorghum, indicating that any of the root traits can be used as indicators for resistance. The result indicates different reactions in root traits in the upper soil layer may be useful for genetic improvement of S. hermonthica resistance and tolerance breeding in sorghum.  相似文献   

Computed tomography to identify preoperative guidelines for internal fixation of the distal sesamoid bone in horses: an in vitro study     

Perrin R  Launois T  Brogniez L  Desbrosse FG  Coomer RP  Clegg PD  Reda AA  Gehin SG  Vandeweerd JM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(8):1030-1036

Objective: To assess the reliability of computed tomography (CT) to identify the direction of implant insertion for cortical screws along the longitudinal axis of intact (nonfractured) distal sesamoid bones. Study Design: In vitro study. Sample Population: Cadaveric paired equine forelimbs (n=16). Methods: Insertion of a cortical screw in lag fashion along the longitudinal axis of intact (nonfractured) distal sesamoid bones was evaluated in 2 groups (3.5 and 4.5 mm) of 8 paired limbs. In each group, the direction of the distal sesamoid bone was determined by CT (Equine XTC 3000 pQCT scanner). Screw placement was verified by specimen dissection. Implant direction was considered satisfactory if the entire screw length was within the distal sesamoid bone and not damaging the articular or flexural surfaces. Results: In our sample and according to our criteria, the proportion of satisfactory direction of screws was 0.63 (5/8) for 4.5 mm implants, and 0.87 (7/8) for 3.5 mm implants. Conclusions: CT is a useful imaging modality to identify anatomic landmarks for insertion of a 3.5 mm cortical screw in the distal sesamoid bone.  相似文献   

Behavior of strains of Newcastle disease virus of different pathogenicity to treatment with ether and hydroxylamine     

I M Reda  A A Ahmed 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1967,14(7):657-662

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Overall performances of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) associated with using vegetable oil sources under suboptimal temperature     

Amel M. El Asely  Rasha M. Reda  Ayman S. Salah  Mohamed A. Mahmoud  Mahmoud A. O. Dawood 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(4):1154-1163

The optimum water temperature required for the normal growth of Nile tilapia is 25–30°C. In this study, tilapia was reared under suboptimal temperature (21.50 ± 1.50°C) and fed four diets with fish oil (FO), corn oil (CO), sunflower oil (SFO) and linseed oil (LnO) for 8 weeks. The results revealed improved final weight, average daily gain and intestinal amylase activity in the LnO group compared to FO and SFO groups (p < .05). The feed intake was increased significantly in FO and LnO groups compared to CO and SFO groups, while the feed conversion ratio was increased in the FO group (p < .05). The CO, SFO and LnO diets resulted in higher carcass lipids than fish fed FO, while CO decreased the ash content (p < .05). The growth hormone was significantly lowered by LnO, followed by SFO, while CO improved the serum alkaline phosphatase activity (p < .05). Glutathione peroxidase enhanced in fish fed SFO, while the lowest activities were recorded in fish fed FO (p < .05). Total superoxide dismutase was significantly elevated by CO and LnO when compared with fish fed FO and SFO (p < .05). Substituting FO with vegetable oils had normal intestinal and liver histological appearance. It could be concluded that substituting FO with either CO or LnO for Nile tilapia could maintain the normal growth performance and feed utilization with enhanced antioxidant capacity under suboptimal temperature.  相似文献   

Immunomodulation by Coriandrum sativum seeds (Coriander) and its ameliorative effect on lead‐induced immunotoxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.)     

Shaimaa A. A. Ahmed  Rasha M. Reda  Mohamed ElHady 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(3):1077-1088

The current study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Coriandrum sativum seed powder (CP) and extract (CE) on some immune functions of Oreochromis niloticus, without or with exposure to the immunotoxicant metal lead (Pb). Fish (n = 300) were divided into ten groups, in triplicate. First group (Cont) was fed on the basal control diet. Second (CP20) and third (CP30) groups were fed on CP‐supplemented diets at 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg respectively, while fourth (CE20) and fifth (CE30) groups were fed on CE‐supplemented diets at 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg respectively. Fish of the sixth (Cont‐Pb), seventh (CP20‐Pb), eighth (CP30‐Pb), ninth (CE20‐Pb) and tenth (CE30‐Pb) groups were exposed to lead (Pb) at 20.2 mg/L and received same diets presented to groups; Cont, CP20, CP30, CE20 and CE30 respectively. The experiment lasted for 45 days. CP and CE dietary supplementation not only significantly enhanced the immune functions, serum lysozyme, nitric oxide, bactericidal activities and relative expression of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) of O. niloticus in a concentration‐dependent manner, but also ameliorated the lead‐induced immunosuppressive effects, especially in CE30 received groups. Additionally, lead‐induced fish mortality and levels of lead residues in fish musculature were significantly reduced in response to feeding on CP‐ and CE‐supplemented diets, especially in CE30. Therefore, it could be concluded that coriander dietary supplementation, especially the extract (CE) at 30 mg/kg diet, could be used to enhance the immune response of O. niloticus and to counteract the immunotoxic effects of lead exposure.  相似文献