Federal regulation of local and sustainable food claims in Canada: a case study of Local Food Plus     

Fiona N. Louden  Rod J. MacRae 《Agriculture and Human Values》2010,27(2):177-188

Interest in purchasing local food from suppliers who follow sustainable practices is growing in Canada. Such suppliers wish to have their products recognized in the market so that price premiums might be received, and new markets developed. In response, the organization Local Food Plus (LFP) developed standards and a certification process to authenticate local and sustainable claims. LFP provides certification seals, and labeling provisions for qualifying producers and processors. However, given pre-existing national food labeling rules, it is not evident that existing regulations permit such claims. Using LFP as a case, this study examined whether current federal labeling rules might impede the marketing of local and sustainable claims. Key findings include that the use of the terms natural, sustainable, and local in panel language and on shelf-talkers could be contested; and that the absence of specific regulation of numerous pertinent terms means they can only be assessed against general fraud prevention regulations, resulting in case-by-case determinations of compliance. Sustainability food label approvals in Canada, based on these general provisions, have not always been favorable to sustainable producers and firms. Existing regulation of these potentially contested terms appears to be out of step with other policy-related developments at the federal level and / or conceptual developments in the field. Proposals are made for amending existing rules to better support local and sustainable claims.  相似文献   

Prevalence of select infectious agents in inflammatory aural and nasopharyngeal polyps from client-owned cats     

Tyler C. Klose  Catriona M. MacPhail  Patricia C. Schultheiss  Rod A. Rosychuk  Jennifer R. Hawley  Michael R. Lappin 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2010,12(10):769-774

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The Potato Association of America 75th Annual Meeting Spokane,Washington, U.S.A.     

David Curwen  Pete Weingartner  Ronald Knight  Therese M. Work  Hugh J. Murphy  Steven B. Johnson  Richard Zink  Leigh Morrow  A. R. Mosley  Rod Davidson  Thoms Owings  Don Halseth  John Bamberg  John C. Wallace  Stephen Love  Don Halseth  Elmer E. Ewing  LaMont Anderson  Neil Gudmestad  Oscar Malamud  Jane Seabrook  Robert E. Thornton  Ronald Voss  A. J. Mosley 《American Journal of Potato Research》1991,68(12):861-902

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The genetics of pea seed storage proteins     

Rod Casey 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1982,31(3):281-295

The genetics of legumin, vicilin and convicilin, the major seed storage proteins of the pea, are discussed in relation to current understanding of their structure, biosynthesis and evolution.  相似文献   

Dredging fundamentally reshapes the ecological significance of 3D terrain features for fish in estuarine seascapes     

Borland  Hayden P.  Gilby  Ben L.  Henderson  Christopher J.  Connolly  Rod M.  Gorissen  Bob  Ortodossi  Nicholas L.  Rummell  Ashley J.  Pittman  Simon J.  Sheaves  Marcus  Olds  Andrew D. 《Landscape Ecology》2022,37(5):1385-1400

Landscape Ecology - Landscape modification alters the condition of ecosystems and the structure of terrain, with widespread impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Seafloor dredging...  相似文献   

Experimental Trichinella infections in ponies.   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

H J Smith  K E Snowdon 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1987,51(3):415-416

Light Trichinella infections were established in three ponies given 1000, 5000 and 25000 T. spiralis spiralis infective larvae respectively by stomach tube. A predilection site of infection in all ponies was the tongue. Anti-Trichinella antibodies were detected in all ponies by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a T. spiralis spiralis excretory-secretory antigen. The ponies given 5000 and 25000 infective larvae reacted positively on days 26 and 24 postinfection, respectively, using a criterion of greater than or equal to 5 X mean optical density readings of preinfection sera as positive. The pony given 1000 larvae did not react positively although antibodies were present as indicated by 3 X to 4 X mean optical density readings of preinfection sera. The results of this limited study indicate that the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay cannot be used to certify horsemeat free of Trichinella since the presence of detectable antibody levels appears to be related to the magnitude of the infection and duration of the infection when the animal is tested.  相似文献   

Field survival and early height growth of Douglas-fir rooted cuttings: relationship to stem diameter and root system quality     

Gary A. Ritchie  Yasuomi Tanaka  Rod Meade  Steven D. Duke 《Forest Ecology and Management》1993,60(3-4):237-256

In 1990, three studies involving 11 half-sib families of Douglas-fir rooted cuttings were established at three sites in western Washington State (USA): two with low regeneration difficulty (RD) and one with high RD. Grading and cull studies were installed on each site and a root number study on one site. The grading study compared the performance of nine classes of rooted cuttings based on stem diameter and root system quality. The cull study evaluated five different types of putative culls. The root number study determined the correlation between the number of initial roots and field performance.

In the grading study survival and height growth reflected stem diameter and relative root quality on all three sites. Mean survival by treatment was in the range 92–100%, 82–97% and 66–87% across the three sites. First year height growth varied from approximately 10 cm to 20 cm and was greatest on the low RD sites. Second year height growth was from three to four times greater than first year height growth on the low RD sites and two to three times greater on the high RD site. Plants with larger diameter had higher survival and better growth than those with smaller diameter. Within each diameter class, plants with good or fair root systems outperformed those with poor root systems. Performance of seedlings and transplants was nearly identical to that of rooted cuttings with corresponding diameter and root system quality.

In the cull study only trees with stem diameter < 4 mm were deemed true culls owing to significantly reduced survival and height growth. In the root number study, rooted cuttings generally increased in size in the nursery in proportion to root number. However, after 2 years in the field, root number was a very poor predictor of survival and height growth.  相似文献   

Bringing home the right to food in Canada: challenges and possibilities for achieving food security     

Rideout K  Riches G  Ostry A  Buckingham D  MacRae R 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(6):566-573

We offer a critique of Canada's approach to domestic food security with respect to international agreements, justiciability and case law, the breakdown of the public safety net, the institutionalisation of charitable approaches to food insecurity, and the need for 'joined-up' food and nutrition policies. We examined Canada's commitments to the right to food, as well as Canadian policies, case law and social trends, in order to assess Canada's performance with respect to the human right to food. We found that while Canada has been a leader in signing international human rights agreements, including those relating to the right to food, domestic action has lagged and food insecurity increased. We provide recommendations for policy changes that could deal with complex issues of state accountability, social safety nets and vulnerable populations, and joined-up policy frameworks that could help realise the right to adequate food in Canada and other developed nations.  相似文献   

Quantitative genetic analysis of condensed tannins in oilseed rape meal     

Florin Daniel Lipsa  Rod Snowdon  Wolfgang Friedt 《Euphytica》2012,184(2):195-205

Condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins, PAs) in the seed meal of oilseed rape can potentially have a negative impact on non-ruminant livestock nutrition, particularly because of their ability to form indigestible, astringent or bitter-tasting complexes with proteins. One option to overcome this problem is the breeding of oilseed rape varieties with reduced condensed tannins in the seed coat. This might be achievable via selection of genotypes with thinner seed coats and consequently reduced condensed tannin accumulation (seed coat structural cell mutants), or alternatively by selection of genotypes with reduced biosynthesis of condensed tannins (flavonoid biosynthesis mutants). Both types of transparent testa (TT) mutants are well-characterised in Arabidopsis; however the genetic basis of the yellow-seed trait in the polyploid genome of rapeseed is still not completely understood. In this study, genetic and chemical analyses of PAs were performed in 166 doubled haploid (DH) rapeseed lines from the segregating Brassica napus doubled haploid population YE2-DH (black seed × yellow seed). Using these analyses, the relationship between seed colour and PA fractions in B. napus was investigated with a view to improving the rapeseed meal quality. Proanthocyanidin contents were estimated by vanillin and HPLC assays and the obtained values were used to identify quantitative trait loci. Closely linked molecular markers that were identified during this study for the target traits (seed colour, condensed tannins) can be valuable tools for breeding of new oilseed rape cultivars with reduced levels of antinutritive PA compounds.  相似文献   

The clinical presentation and surgical treatment of verrucous dermatitis lesions in a draught horse     

Poore LA  Else RW  Licka TL 《Veterinary dermatology》2012,23(1):71-5, e17

Verrucous pastern dermatitis is a progressive inflammatory skin disease commonly involving the palmar or plantar aspects of the pasterns of horses. There are no reports of successful surgical treatment for multifocal circumscribed verrucous masses in the chronic stages of verrucous pastern dermatitis. A combination of sharp dissection and electrocautery was used to resect numerous multifocal circumscribed verrucous masses from the distal hindlimb of an 11-year-old gelding draught horse. There was no evidence of significant regrowth or complications at a 24 month postoperative examination.  相似文献