三种网格的农田防护林防止土壤风蚀的效应研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

鲍玉海  贺秀斌  杨吉华  孙成楠  李红云  宗萍萍 《水土保持学报》2007,21(2):5-8

在山东省夏津县黄河故道冲积沙地建立土壤风蚀试验区,采用标尺法对3种网格的农田防护林和对照地的土壤风蚀量进行观测,测定结果表明:农田防护林网可明显减少风蚀损失,其中,130m×300m林网相对于对照减少土壤风蚀量81%,260m×300m林网相对于对照减少78%,300m×400m林网相对于对照减少75%,即随着网格面积的增加对风蚀量的影响越来越小。同时,土壤风蚀程度与测定期间日平均风速>4 m/s的出现频率有密切关系,土壤风蚀量与风速之间的最佳拟合关系为幂函数关系,二者之间呈正相关关系,相关系数在0.95以上。黄河故道冲积沙地农田防护林网对5.0~5.9 m/s范围内的风速引起的土壤风蚀防治效果最好。  相似文献   

奶牛乳腺炎金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株生化特性与菌体蛋白免疫原性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

钟辉  姚火春 《农业生物技术学报》2006,14(6):970-975

摘要：病原学调查发现金黄色葡萄球菌是奶牛乳腺炎的最主要致病菌之一。从53株金黄色葡萄球菌乳样分离株中挑选了培养和形态典型的六株进行生化试验和传代稳定性试验，进一步研究这六株菌的凝固酶、溶血素等致病性因子和耐药性。对菌体裂解产物进行蛋白电泳图谱分析发现菌体蛋白条带具有很高的相似性,TQ-1株电泳蛋白条带密度较其它几株高。用其中四株生化典型、传代稳定、致病因子较多的菌株免疫兔，制备高免血清，分析全菌抗原的蛋白转印图谱，发现XG-2株在52KD处有特殊保护性抗原条带。综合本文各试验结果，确定以TQ-1和XG-2株为疫苗候选株。  相似文献   

黄泛沙地小网格农田防护林网防护效应的研究   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

宗萍萍鲍玉海  杨吉华孙成楠　王力 《水土保持学报》2005,19(6):110-113,130

以夏津县黄泛沙地130 m×260 m的农田防护林网为研究对象,对林网内外的风速、空气温度、空气湿度、土壤温度、土壤湿度及水面蒸发进行了对比分析。分析结果表明:农田防护林具有改善小气候的功能,可以降低风速,增加空气湿度和土壤湿度,调节空气温度和土壤温度,减小水面蒸发,防风固沙,减少土壤风蚀量,林网内3 H~5 H处的防护效应最好。  相似文献   

模拟酸雨对茶园土壤中铅的溶出及形态转化的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

宗良纲  周俊  罗敏  张丽娜 《土壤通报》2005,36(5):695-699

采用模拟酸雨连续淋洗的方法,研究了茶园土壤的酸化以及不同铅污染程度土壤中铅的溶出和形态转化规律。结果表明,土壤的酸化程度受酸雨酸性强度的控制,酸雨pH越低,土壤酸化程度越强;土壤中铅的溶出总量随模拟酸雨的酸度和土壤本身含铅量的增加而增加,但是土壤滤液中铅含量随时间变化的规律只受模拟酸雨的pH影响;土壤铅污染程度越严重,其中的活性态铅含量越高,同时pH<4.5的酸雨会使土壤中的非活性态铅大量向活性态转化,这将导致土壤中铅的活化而增加其生态风险。  相似文献   

花生黄曲霉抗性与类受体蛋白激酶的相关性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

严海燕  宗成志  景聪慧  单世华 《华北农学报》2011,26(4):198-201

LRR类受体激酶RH4基因在花生黄曲霉敏感品种发育种子的种皮中上调表达.基于这类受体激酶多由于序列的变异导致抗性的变异,笔者将数据库中花生抗黄曲霉和敏感品种相似基因编码的蛋白进行序列比较分析,发现抗性品种与敏感品种的类似蛋白序列有很大差别.用荧光定量PCR方法对抗性品种KB153与敏感品种JH1012发育中不同时期的果...  相似文献   

Model Establishment for Simulating Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

HUANG Yao  LIU Shi-liang  SHEN Qi-rong  ZONG Liang-gang 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2002,1(3):307-312

Assuming that decomposition of organic matter in soils follows the first-order kinetics reaction,a computer model was developed to simulate soil organic matter dynamics. Organic matter in soils is divided up into two parts that include incorporated organic carbon from crop residues or other organic fertilizer and soil intrinsic carbon. The incorporated organic carbon was assumed to consist of two components, labile-C and resistant-C. The model was represented by a differential equation of dCi/dt = Ki× fT × fw × fs × Ci ( i = l,r, S ) and an integral equation of Cit = Cio × EXP ( Ki X fT X fw X fs X t ). Effect of soil parameters of temperature, moisture and texture on the decomposition was functioned by the fT, fw and fs, respectively.Data from laboratory incubation experiments were used to determine the first-order decay rate Ki and the fraction of labile-C of crop residues by employing a nonlinear method. The values of K for the components of labile-C and resistant-C and the soil intrinsic carbon were evaluated to be 0. 025,0. 080 × 10-2 and 0. 065 ×10-3d-1, respectively. The labile-C fraction of wheat straw, wheat roots, rice straw and rice roots were0.50, 0.25, 0.40 and 0.20, respectively. These values are related to the initial residue carbon-to-nitrogen ratio ( C/N) and lignin content.  相似文献   

Simulation and Prediction of Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics in Jiangsu Province Based on Model and GIS Techniques   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

SHEN Yu  HUANG Yao  ZONG Liang-gang  ZHANG Wen  XU Mao  LIU Lin-wang 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2003,2(9)

Based on the databases of soils, meteorology, crop production, and agricultural management, changes in the soil organic carbon (SOC) of agro-ecosystems in Jiangsu Province were simulated by using a soil organic carbon model with a linkage of GIS. Four data sets of soil organic carbon measured from various field experiments in Jiangsu Province were used to validate the model. It was demonstrated that the model simulation in general agreed with the field measurements. Model simulation indicated that the SOC content in approximately 77% of the agricultural soils in Jiangsu Province has increased since the Second National Soil Survey completed in the early 1980s. Compared with the values in 1985, the SOC content in 2000 was estimated to increase by 1.0-3.0 g kg-1 for the north and the coastal areas of the province, and by 3.5-5.0 g kg-1 for the region of Tai Lake in the south. A slight decrease (about 0.5-1.5 g kg-1 ) was estimated for the central region of Jiangsu Province and the Nanjing-Zhenjiang hilly area. Model prediction for 2010 A.D. under two scena-rios, i.e., with 30 and 50% of the harvested crop straw incorporation, suggested that the SOC in Jiangsu Province would increase, and thus that the agricultural soils would have potential as organic carbon storage. The incorporation of crop straw into soils is of great benefit to increase soil carbon storage, consequently to benefit the control of the rise of atmospheric CO2 concentration and to maintain the sustainable development of agriculture.  相似文献   

几种生防放线菌离体颉颃作用测定     

顾彪  宗兆锋  赵华 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,33(Z1):140-142

采用菌饼对峙法测定4种放线菌对7种病原真菌的离体颉颃作用。结果发现,SC1,SC11和SE2菌株对所有靶标菌均有不同程度的抑制作用。菌株SC11对各供试靶标菌均有良好稳定的抑制作用,接种后5 d测量靶标菌菌落半径均小于4 mm,菌丝日生长速率低于0.75 mm/d。菌株SE2对粉红聚端孢、立枯丝核菌、番茄叶霉菌的抑制作用比其它3种放线菌要好,抑制率高达100%。在所有测定的靶标菌中,番茄灰霉菌、粉红聚端孢菌、西瓜枯萎菌、立枯丝核菌是较易于被放线菌抑制的靶标菌。显微观察发现受,SC1,SC11,SE2抑制后,靶标菌菌丝出现不同程度的畸形。  相似文献   

建设高品位校园文化为高校发展提供精神动力和智力支持   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宗旭  王洪英  陈曦 《高等农业教育》2003,(12):42-44

高校是传播先进化的重要阵地，是社会先进化的示范区和辐射源。而植根于高校的校园化建设应树立以培养学生健全人格为本的办学理念，塑造以科学与人融合的校园化精神，加强以弘扬优秀传统化的人教育，创造以重视校园化的历史传承的优良化氛围为途径，培育出有特色的高品位校园化，为高校发展提供精神动力和智力支持，以引领社会先进化的建设和发展。  相似文献   

水稻籽粒受容活性及其控制 Ⅳ.汕优63不同部位籽粒的结实能力     

王余龙  姚友礼  徐加宽  宗绪庆  蔡建中 《扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》1993,(2)

1988～1991年,在群体水培条件下,采用大穗型中籼杂交稻汕优63,设计不同生育期氮、磷处理21个,改变结实期灌浆物质的供应水平,研究稻穗上、中、下部一、二次枝梗籽粒的结实能力。结果表明:在灌浆物质供应水平较低时,不同部位籽粒的结实率、千粒重大小与开花早迟顺序一致,随着灌浆物质供应水平的提高,迟开颖花的结实率、千粒重可超过先开颖花,一、二次枝梗籽粒表现有类似趋势,证明迟开颖花的生理劣势可以转变;提高颖花根活量能明显提高稻穗不同部位籽粒的结实率和千粒重,挺高幅度一、二次枝梗籽粒均表现为下部>中部>上部,当颖花根活量达到一定程度时,迟开颖花的千粒重将高于先开颖花。  相似文献