Anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects of naringenin in diabetic mice     

Tsai SJ  Huang CS  Mong MC  Kam WY  Huang HY  Yin MC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(1):514-521

Renal protective effects of naringenin at 0.5, 1, and 2% of the diet in diabetic mice were examined. Naringenin supplemented at 1 and 2% increased its deposit in liver and kidney of diabetic mice. Compared with the diabetic control group, naringenin treatments at 1 and 2% lowered plasma levels of glucose and blood urea nitrogen, as well as increased insulin level and creatinine clearance (P < 0.05). Naringenin treatments dose-dependently reduced renal tumor necrosis factor-α level and expression (P < 0.05) but only at 1 and 2% significantly decreased production and expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (P < 0.05). Naringenin intake at 2% decreased renal formation and expression of type IV collagen, fibronectin, and transforming growth factor-β1 (P < 0.05). This compound at 1 and 2% lowered protein kinase C activity and suppressed nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 activity, mRNA expression, and protein production in kidney. However, this agent only at 2% diminished NF-κB p50 activity, mRNA expression, and protein production (P < 0.05). These results indicate that naringenin could attenuate diabetic nephropathy via its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activities.  相似文献   

Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Gelatin and Gelatin Hydrolysates Obtained from Extrusion-Pretreated Fish (Oreochromis sp.) Scales     

Wei-Cheng Shiao  Tien-Chiu Wu  Chia-Hung Kuo  Yung-Hsiang Tsai  Mei-Ling Tsai  Yong-Han Hong  Chun-Yung Huang 《Marine drugs》2021,19(5)

Fish gelatin and its hydrolysates exhibit a variety of biological characteristics, which include antihypertensive and antioxidant properties. In this study, fish gelatins were extracted from extrusion-pretreated tilapia scales, and then subjected to analyses to determine the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of the extracted gelatins. Our findings indicate that TSG2 (preconditioned with 1.26% citric acid) possessed the greatest extraction yield, as well as higher antioxidant activities compared with the other extracted gelatins. Hence, TSG2 was subjected to further hydrolyzation using different proteases and ultrafiltration conditions, which yielded four gelatin hydrolysates: TSGH1, TSGH2, TSGH3, and TSGH4. The results showed that TSGH4 (Pepsin + Pancreatin and ultrafiltration < 3000 Da) had a higher yield and greater antioxidant activity in comparison with the other gelatin hydrolysates. As such, TSGH4 was subjected to further fractionation using a Superdex peptide column and two-stage reverse-phase column HPLC chromatography, yielding a subfraction TSGH4-6-2-b, which possessed the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity compared with the other fractions. Further LC-ESI/MS/MS analysis of TSGH4-6-2-b suggested two novel peptides (GYDEY and EPGKSGEQGAPGEAGAP), which could have potential as naturally-occurring peptides with antioxidant properties. These promising results suggest that these antioxidant peptides could have applications in food products, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics.  相似文献   

SIMULATED ANNEALING FOR COST-EFFECTIVE TRANSPORT OF LIVE AQUACULTURE PRODUCTS     

Earl-Juei Wang  Deng-Maw Tsai  Tai-Sheng Su  Keng-Yang Lin 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2013,17(1):68-95

This study elucidates a vehicle routing problem with a single depot and multi-customers, in which a simulated annealing approach is used for transporting live aquaculture products. In contrast with previous models that focused on cost, transportation distance, or time, this study separately optimizes a sole depot with multi-customer flows by using a mathematical model that considers transportation, survival rates, and cost classifications of live aquaculture products. Specifically, the simulated annealing approach is adopted to facilitate the multi-customer transport vehicle routing problem on carrier selections and their interactions. The proposed model is applied to several relevant scenarios with cost-effectiveness. The computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of the model for solving the problem of transporting live aquaculture products.  相似文献   

Development of an enzymatic method for individual separation of banded coral shrimp (Stenopus hispidus) embryos     

Chiahsin Lin  Sujune Tsai 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(10):1509-1514

The outer coat of embryo of Stenopus hispidus may affect cryoprotectant penetration and post‐thaw procedures during cryopreservation studies. The mechanical method for separating embryos of S. hispidus was exhausting and time consuming. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of different enzymatic isolation techniques to achieve the individual separation of embryos. Embryo clusters were exposed to three enzymes (trypsin, collagenase and hyaluronidase) at different concentrations (0.2–1.6 mg mL^?1) for different treatment times (5–20 min). Morphological appearance and hatching competence of the embryos separated mechanically and enzymatically were assessed. The optimum conditions for the three enzymes were 10 min 0.4 mg mL^?1 trypsin, 10 min 0.8 mg mL^?1 collagenase and 10 min 0.8 mg mL^?1 hyalruonidase and embryo hatching percentages were 43.8 ± 4.2%, 39.9 ± 4.9% and 42.2 ± 3.5% respectively. The enzymatic isolation technique does not affect either morphological appearance or hatching competence of the separated embryos. The method developed in this study will be helpful for future cryopreservation studies on S. hispidus embryos.  相似文献   

Chitosan-Based Anti-Oxidation Delivery Nano-Platform: Applications in the Encapsulation of DHA-Enriched Fish Oil     

Po-Kai Chang  Ming-Fong Tsai  Chun-Yung Huang  Chien-Liang Lee  Chitsan Lin  Chwen-Jen Shieh  Chia-Hung Kuo 《Marine drugs》2021,19(8)

Refined cobia liver oil is a nutritional supplement (CBLO) that is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as DHA and EPA; however, PUFAs are prone to oxidation. In this study, the fabrication of chitosan-TPP-encapsulated CBLO nanoparticles (CS@CBLO NPs) was achieved by a two-step method, including emulsification and the ionic gelation of chitosan with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). The obtained nanoparticles were inspected by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and showed a positively charged surface with a z-average diameter of between 174 and 456 nm. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed the three-stage weight loss trends contributing to the water evaporation, chitosan decomposition, and CBLO decomposition. The loading capacity (LC) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of the CBLO loading in CS@CBLO NPs were 17.77–33.43% and 25.93–50.27%, respectively. The successful encapsulation of CBLO in CS@CBLO NPs was also confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The oxidative stability of CBLO and CS@CBLO NPs was monitored by FTIR. As compared to CBLO, CS@CBLO NPs showed less oxidation with a lower generation of hydroperoxides and secondary oxidation products after four weeks of storage. CS@CBLO NPs are composed of two ingredients that are beneficial for health, chitosan and fish oil in a nano powdered fish oil form, with an excellent oxidative stability that will enhance its usage in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.  相似文献   

Using monoclonal antibodies against the common epitopes of NSs proteins for the prompt detection and differentiation of tospoviruses prevalent in Euro-America and Asia Regions     

Tsung-Chi Chen  Wei-Ting Tsai  Ya-Chi Kang  Yun-Chi Wang  Shyi-Dong Yeh 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2016,144(3):509-524

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Lipoxygenase from banana leaf: purification and characterization of an enzyme that catalyzes linoleic acid oxygenation at the 9-position     

Kuo JM  Hwang A  Yeh DB  Pan MH  Tsai ML  Pan BS 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(8):3151-3156

The objective of the present study was to purify and characterize the lipoxygenase (LOX) from banana leaf (Giant Cavendishii, AAA), an unutilized bioresource. LOX was extracted, isolated, and purified 327-fold using 25-50% saturation of ammonium sulfate fractionation, hydroxyapatite column separation, and gel filtration on Superdex 200. The molecular mass of the purified LOX was 85 kDa, K(m) was 0.15 mM, and V(max) was 2.4 microM/min.mg using linoleic acid as substrate. Triton X-100 was required in the extraction medium; otherwise, no LOX activity was detected. LOX activity increased with the concentration of Triton X-100 with an optimum at 0.1%. The optimal pH of the purified LOX from banana leaf was 6.2, and optimal temperature was 40 degrees C. The LOX showed the highest reactivity toward 18:2 followed by 18:3 and 20:4. A very low reaction rate was observed toward 20:5 and 22:6. On the basis of retention time in normal phase HPLC, the products of 18:2 or 18:3 catalyzed by purified LOX were hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid or hydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid. It seems that 9-LOX is the predominant enzyme in banana leaf. Banada leaf dried at 110 degrees C for 2 h developed algal aroma. Banana leaf extract stored at 10 degrees C for 12 h formed an oolong tea-like flavor. Banana leaf extract reacted with 18:2 or soybean oil pretreated with bacterial lipase produced green and melon-like aroma, whereas the same reaction with 18:3 produced a sweet, fruity, cucumber-like flavor note.  相似文献   

Production and characterization of human extracellular superoxide dismutase in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris     

Chen HL  Yen CC  Tsai TC  Yu CH  Liou YJ  Lai YW  Wang ML  Chen CM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(21):8041-8047

Reactive oxygen species are associated with various diseases including cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, and pulmonary diseases. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme secreted by cells to prevent overproduction of reactive oxygen species. We expressed an ECSOD gene isolated from a human aortic smooth muscle cDNA library in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. A synthetic secretion cassette was constructed with the inducible promoter of the alcohol oxidase 1 gene (AOX1) and the yeast alpha-mating factor signal peptide. As much as 25% of the total protein was ECSOD in some transformants grown under inducing conditions. After 36 h of methanol induction, ECSOD was exported into the culture medium at a concentration of approximately 440 mg/L with an antioxidative activity of 760 +/- 20 U/mg ECSOD. Transformed yeast cells were more resistant to heat shock and H(2)O(2) oxidative stress, indicating that the human ECSOD expressed by P. pastoris had multiple biological functions. Our data suggest that the methylotrophic yeast inducible system is suitable for large-scale production of enzymatically active human ECSOD.  相似文献   

A multi-gene analysis of diversity of bartonella detected in fleas from Algeria     

Bitam I  Rolain JM  Nicolas V  Tsai YL  Parola P  Gundi VA  Chomel BB  Raoult D 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2012,35(1):71-76

We report the molecular detection of several Bartonella species in 44 (21.5%) of 204 fleas from Algeria collected from 26 rodents and 7 hedgehogs. Bartonella elizabethae and B. clarridgeiae were detected in the fleas collected on hedgehogs. Bartonella tribocorum and B. elizabethae were detected in fleas collected from rats and mice, and sequences similar to an unnamed Bartonella sp. detected in rodents from China were detected in rats as well as a genotype of Bartonella closely related to Bartonella rochalimae detected in fleas collected on brown rats (Rattus norvegicus).  相似文献   

Effects of intumescent formulation for acrylic-based coating on flame-retardancy of painted red lauan (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Parashorea</Emphasis> spp.) thin plywood     

Chih-Shen Chuang  Kuang-Chung Tsai  Ming-Kuang Wang  Chia-Chih Ou  Chun-Han Ko  Ing-Luen Shiau 《Wood Science and Technology》2008,42(7):593-607

Acrylic emulsion based painted red lauan plywood (Parashorea spp.) is most commonly used for indoor furnishings. This study investigated the enhancement of the fire retardance of painted plywood by interaction among four major components of intumescent formulation: (1) acrylic emulsion resin as binder resin (BR), (2) pentaerythritol as carbonizing substance (CS), (3) melamine as foam producing substance (FPS) and (4) ammonium polyphosphate as dehydrating agent (DA). Effects of changing BR/CS ratios (designated as FRA series) and FPS/DA ratios (designated as FRM series) on flame-retardance of painted plywood were investigated using a cone calorimeter. The intumescent formulation significantly enhanced fire retardancy of painted plywood by exhibiting lower peak release rates and longer times to reach peak release rates, compared with uncoated plywood (UP) panel and plywood panel solely coated with acrylic emulsion resin. Lower BR content in the FRA series and lower FPS content in the FRM series were shown to enhance flame retardancy of painted plywood. The positive correlation between total heat release values under increasing combustion duration and incremental changes of BR and FPS contents in two series further verified the above findings. Consistent with the observed flame retardancy enhancement of painted plywood, lower heats of combustion and weight losses for paints in the FRM series were also identified by oxygen bomb calorimeter measurements and thermogravimetrical analysis. Infrared analysis of the chars indicated the formation of phosphate ester linkages with the lowest BR content in the FRA series and the lowest FPS content in the FRM series showing superior enhancements of flame retardancy for painted red lauan plywood.  相似文献