Commercial production of Cordyline terminalis (L) Kunth. from shoot apex meristem and assessment for genetic stability of somaclones by isozyme markers     

Tui Ray  Prasenjit Saha  S.C. Roy 《Scientia Horticulturae》2006

Rapid multiplication of Cordyline terminalis (L) Kunth. was achieved from shoot apex explant on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 3% (w/v) sucrose and different concentration of growth regulators at various combinations. On MS medium supplemented with BA in combination with Adenine sulphate and IAA, shoot initiation and multiplication were obtained. Best elongations of shoots were found on 1/2 MS basal medium and shoots were rooted on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with IBA. Rooted plants passed through a hardening phase prior to ex vitro transfer. Clonal propagated plants established in garden soil were uniform and identical to mother plant in respect to growth characteristics and morphology. Isozymic profiles of different micropropagated clones were assessed for their genetic stability. Ten clones were tested for six isozymes. Only a few showed variation with respect to the banding pattern in esterase and superoxide dismutase. In superoxide dismutase, the two polymorphic isoforms (Rf 0.06 and 0.45) appeared in the clone C8 of the plants transferred to the field after 15 subcultural passages. Mobility and intensity of bands were monitored in other isozymes. Isozyme markers may be used as a tool for rapid screening of genetic stability in tissue cultured clones of C. terminalis.  相似文献   

Soil Structural Stability and Water Retention Characteristics Under Different Land uses of Degraded Lower Himalayas of North‐West India     

D. Saha  S. S. Kukal 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2015,26(3):263-271

The lower Himalayan regions of north‐west India experienced a severe land‐use change in the recent past. A study was thus conducted to assess the effect of grassland, forest, agricultural and eroded land uses on soil aggregation, bulk density, pore size distribution and water retention and transmission characteristics. The soil samples were analysed for aggregate stability by shaking under water and water drop stability by using single simulated raindrop technique. The water‐stable aggregates (WSA) >2 mm were highest (17·3 per cent) in the surface layers of grassland, whereas the micro‐aggregates (WSA < 0·25 mm) were highest in eroded soils. The water drop stability followed the similar trend. It decreased with the increase in aggregate size. Being lowest in eroded soils, the soil organic carbon also showed an adverse effect of past land‐use change. The bulk density was highest in eroded lands, being significantly higher for the individual aggregates than that of the bulk soils. The macroporosity (>150 µm) of eroded soils was significantly (p < 0·05) lower than that of grassland and forest soils. The grassland soils retained the highest amount of water. Significant (p < 0·05) effects of land use, soil depth and their interaction were observed in water retention at different soil water suctions. Eroded soils had significantly (p < 0·05) lower water retention than grassland and forest soils. The saturated hydraulic conductivity and maximum water‐holding capacity of eroded soils were sufficiently lower than those of forest and grassland soils. These indicated a degradation of soil physical attributes due to the conversion of natural ecosystems to farming system and increased erosion hazards in the lower Himalayan region of north‐west India. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Seasonal changes in the immune activities of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

N.R. Saha  T. Usami  Y. Suzuki 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2002,26(4):379-387

Various endocrinological and immunological parameters involved with the seasonal changes of immunocompetence in common carp, Cyprinus carpio reared under natural conditions were investigated. Plasma concentrations of steroid hormones, IgM levels, IgM-secreting cell (IgMSC) numbers, and water temperature were considered as major parameters. Testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone in males and estradiol-17β in females detected by RIA, increased simultaneously with gonadal maturation, but no significant correlation was found with IgM production measured by ELISA. IgM levels were very high during the spawning season, but did not fluctuate much during the other seasons even at high water temperatures. These changes of IgM are certainly related to sexual maturation. In addition, IgMSC numbers were also high during the spawning season. This positive interaction between endocrine and immune parameters could contribute to the immune systems of common carp being more effective during spawning season. Interestingly, cortisol levels increased with the water temperature and were high during the spawning season, but had no suppressive effect on the IgM levels and IgMSC numbers.  相似文献   

Effects of steroid hormones on apoptosis and IgM production of LPS-stimulated lymphocytes in fugu Takifugu rubripes     

Nil Ratan Saha  Hiroaki Suetake  Kiyoshi Kikuchi  Yuzuru Suzuki 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(1):136-142

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Colorimetric determination of tetracycline derivatives in pharmaceutical preparations     

U Saha 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1989,72(2):242-244

A quick colorimetric method is reported for the determination of tetracycline derivatives such as oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTCH), chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTCH), methacycline hydrochloride (MCH), and doxycycline hydrochloride (DCH). The method involves complexation of the above derivatives with cupric chloride in alkaline medium. The yellowish green copper complexes of OTCH, CTCH, MCH, and DCH show maximum absorbance at 395, 410, 400, and 400 nm, respectively. The color intensity obeys Beer's law in the concentration range of 0-20 micrograms/mL.  相似文献   

Effects of inoculation of cyanobacteria on nitrogen status and nutrition of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in an Entisol amended with chemical and organic sources of nitrogen     

T. K. Ghosh  K. C. Saha 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1996,24(1):123-128

A field experiment was conducted with wetland rice (Oryza sativa cv. IR-36) in a sandy clay loam soil (Entisol) to study the effect of inoculation with a soil-based mixed culture of four diazotrophic cyanobacteria,Aulosira fertilissima, Nostoc muscorum, N. commune andAnabaena spp., on the N-flux in inorganic NH₄ ⁺+NO₃ ^–+ NO₂ ^–), easily oxidizable, hydrolysable and non-hydrolysable forms of N in soil during vegetative growth periods of the crop. Effects on grain and straw yield and N uptake by the crop were estimated. The effects of applying urea N and N as organic sources, viz.Sesbania aculeata, Neem (Azardirachta indica) cake and FYM, each at the rate of 40 kg N ha^–1, to the soil were also evaluated. Inoculation significantly increased the release of inorganic N, evidenced by its increased concentrations either in soil or in soil solution. However, such increases rarely exceeded even 4% of total N gained in different froms in the soil system by inoculation during the vegetative growth stages of the rice plant, when the nutritional requirement of the plants is at a maximum. Most of the N₂ fixed by cyanobacteria remained in the soil as the hydrolysable form (about 85%) during this period. Inoculation caused an insignificant increase in grain (8%) and straw (11%) yield, which was, however, accompanied by a significant increase in N uptake by the grain (30%) and an increase in total uptake of 15.3 kg N ha 1. Such beneficial effects of inoculation varied in magnitude with the application of organic sources, with farmyard manure (FYM) being the most effective. Application of urea N, on the other hand, markedly reduced such an effect.  相似文献   

Changes in amount of organic and inorganic fractions of nitrogen in an Eutrochrept soil after long‐term cropping with different fertilizer and organic manure inputs     

Kotha Sammi Reddy  Muneshwar Singh  Awadesh Kumar Tripathi  Mahavir Singh  Manbendra Nath Saha 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2003,166(2):232-238

The influence of 30 years of cropping with different fertilizer and farmyard manure (FYM) inputs on the contents and depth distribution of organic C, total N (N_t), soil mineralizable N, and organic and inorganic N fractions was investigated in an Eutrochrept. Continuous application of 100 %NPK(+S), 150 %NPK(+S), and 100 %NPK(+S)+FYM led to a marked increase in organic C, total N, hydrolyzable N (viz., amino acid N, hydrolyzable NH₄‐N, hexose amine N, and unidentified hydrolyzable N), and nonhydrolyzable N as compared to an adjacent fallow. The contents of the various organic N fractions were largest in surface soil and thereafter decreased with the depth. However, at 30 – 45 cm depth the content of organic C was not affected by the different treatments except 100 %NPK(+S)+FYM. On the other hand, continuous cropping without fertilization resulted in a depletion of total hydrolyzable N in control over fallow by 27.2 % (0–15 cm), 19.6 % (15–30 cm), and 4.7 % (30–45 cm). The incorporation of FYM with 100 %NPK(+S) resulted in greater contents of soil mineralizable N as compared to 100 %NPK(+S) (0–15, 15–30 cm). The proportion of hydrolyzable N (57–76 % of N_t) decreased and that of nonhydrolyzable N (22–40 % of N_t) increased with depth. The proportion of amino acid N (19–26 % of N_t), hexose amine N (2.1–3.5 % of N_t) and unidentified hydrolyzable N (17–27 % of N_t) decreased with depth. All organic soil N fractions including even nonhydrolyzable N in surface and subsurface soils were highly significantly correlated with soil mineralizable N derived from incubations under waterlogged and aerobic conditions. The best correlation to mineralizable N was found for amino acid N and the least significant correlation for nonhydrolyzable N.  相似文献   

Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Trewia polycarpa roots     

Chamundeeswari D  Vasantha J  Gopalakrishnan S  Sukumar E 《Fitoterapia》2004,75(7-8):740-744

The alcoholic extract of Trewia polycarpa roots, when administered orally to rats at doses of 50-400 mg/kg, exhibited a dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity in both acute and chronic models. It also showed a significant antinociceptive action mice in the dose range of 25-200 mg/kg. The extract did not reveal any toxicity in rats up to a dose of 3.2 g/kg (p.o.). It showed the presence of terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, quinones and glycosides on phytochemical screening.  相似文献   

A phosphatase associated with metastasis of colorectal cancer     

Saha S  Bardelli A  Buckhaults P  Velculescu VE  Rago C  St Croix B  Romans KE  Choti MA  Lengauer C  Kinzler KW  Vogelstein B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,294(5545):1343-1346

To gain insights into the molecular basis for metastasis, we compared the global gene expression profile of metastatic colorectal cancer with that of primary cancers, benign colorectal tumors, and normal colorectal epithelium. Among the genes identified, the PRL-3 protein tyrosine phosphatase gene was of particular interest. It was expressed at high levels in each of 18 cancer metastases studied but at lower levels in nonmetastatic tumors and normal colorectal epithelium. In 3 of 12 metastases examined, multiple copies of the PRL-3 gene were found within a small amplicon located at chromosome 8q24.3. These data suggest that the PRL-3 gene is important for colorectal cancer metastasis and provide a new therapeutic target for these intractable lesions.  相似文献   

Double Health Risk in Arsenic Contaminated Drinking Water – Evidence of Enhanced Alpha Radioactivity     

Dipak Ghosh  Argha Deb  Kanchan Kumar Patra  Rosalima Sengupta  Sukumar Bera 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2008,187(1-4):81-87

The presence of alpha emitting radionuclides in the environment assumes importance since they are found to be carcinogenic. This paper reports the results of an exhaustive and systematic measurement of alpha radioactivity using solid state nuclear track detector (SSNTD) in drinking water in different parts of India covering the entire Ganges Basin – West Bengal, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh where arsenic contamination is severe. The alpha activity in the samples was found in the range of 8 to 800 Bq/l in West Bengal, 90 to 1,000 Bq/l in Uttar Pradesh and 60 to 1,000 Bq/l in Bihar – much higher alpha activity value than MCL value given by US EPA. The concentration of alpha activity has a positive correlation with that of arsenic.  相似文献