Suppressive effect of liquid potassium silicate on powdery mildew of strawberry in soil   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Takeshi Kanto  Akihiro Miyoshi  Takuya Ogawa  Kazumasa Maekawa  Masataka Aino 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(3):137-142

A soil drench of soluble silicon (liquid potassium silicate) was tested for the control of powdery mildew of strawberry in soil for 2 years in a vinyl house under growers' conditions on two cultivars: very susceptible Toyonoka and slightly susceptible Sachinoka. Soluble silicon suppressed the disease more effectively as a preventive control than as a control to reduce initial incidence. The suppressive effect against this disease was more effective for Toyonoka than for Sachinoka. The control value of soluble potassium silicate was 85.6% for Toyonoka in the first year and 60.2% in the second year, while for Sachinoka it was 58% in the first year and 40.6% in the second year. Strawberry leaf hardness was measured for the control and silicate-treated leaves. Although silicate-treated leaves seemed to be harder than control leaves, leaf hardness did not vary significantly between controls and silicate-treated leaves in either of the 2 years, and the mode of preventive action of liquid potassium silicate remains unknown. A factor other than a physical action may be involved.  相似文献   

Effect of ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) on the fruit ripening characters of rabbiteye blueberry     

Takuya Ban  Mihoko Kugishima  Tsuneo Ogata  Shuji Shiozaki  Shosaku Horiuchi  Hisafumi Ueda 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

Effect of ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) application on rabbiteye blueberry fruit quality during the growth period was investigated. Ethephon treatment stimulated the decrement of titratable acidity, anthocyanin accumulation and fruit softening 4 days after treatment and the promoting effects continued through the investigation period. The ripening promotion effect of ethephon on total soluble solids content was observed only 8 days after treatment. Ethephon treatment did not affect the fruit enlargement during the investigation period. From these results, it is concluded that ethephon application for rabbiteye blueberry promote the fruit ripening, but the stimulatory effects of ethephon on fruit ripening were different in degree on each ripening characters.  相似文献   

Long-term growth analyses of Japanese cedar trees in a plantation: neighborhood competition and persistence of initial growth deviations     

Takashi Masaki  Shigeta Mori  Takuya Kajimoto  Gaku Hitsuma  Satoshi Sawata  Masuo Mori  Katsuhiro Osumi  Shobu Sakurai  Takeshi Seki 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(4):217-225

The individual growth of tree diameter at breast height (dbh) is analyzed in an even-aged plantation of Cryptomeria japonica from stand age of 45 to 94 years, to examine how the growth of individual trees has been affected by the changes in spacing resulting from thinning operations. At any age, a significant proportion (0.37–0.46) of the variation in dbh growth during a 5–11-year period was explained by dbh at the beginning of the period, probably due to greater leaf mass of larger trees. Next, either one-sided or two-sided competition was added to the model, by calculating the basal area (BA) of neighboring trees around each tree within a given radius or BA for trees having larger dbh than the focal tree within the radius. After preliminary analyses, a radius of 8 m was selected as the critical range for tree competition. Although both types of competition explained a significant proportion (0.09–0.43) of growth variation, one-sided competition was not significant at ages greater than 54 years. Based on the model at 45 years of age, the initial deviation of growth rate for each tree from the predicted rate was calculated and added to the models as a third variable. This raised the coefficient of determination up to 0.50–0.74. These findings have practical significance for forest plantation management, particularly for controlling the growth of standing trees via thinning, to produce high-quality timber in the future.  相似文献   

Image analysis and bending properties of model OSB panels as a function of strand distribution,shape and size     

Takuya?NishimuraEmail author  Jaymeen?Amin  Martin?P.?Ansell 《Wood Science and Technology》2004,38(4):297-309

The technique of image analysis has been used to assess the quality of model oriented strand board panels by investigating the relationships between shape and size of strands, the distribution of strands and bending properties. A batch of commercial strands was analysed by image analysis and the distribution of the shape and size of strands was quantified. The strands were categorised into five strand types as a function of size and aspect ratio. In general, strand shapes were observed to be mostly rectangular and there was also a wide variation in strand dimensions in commercial material. Bigger area strands had low aspect ratios and small strands had high aspect ratios. Half of the commercial strands were longer than 100 mm.Model OSB panels were manufactured in the laboratory by hot pressing strand mats formed from each of the five strand types. Strands were laid up by hand into the forming mat and following pressing the orientation and shape of strands was evaluated by image analysis and the panels were tested in a three point bending. Large area (type 3) strands with high aspect ratios produced model panels with optimum strand orientation and mechanical properties.Type 3 panels were also fabricated from strands dropped through a slotted forming device in order to simulate the delivery of strands to the forming line under factory conditions. As the height of strand delivery increased from 0 to 100 to 200 mm the disorientation of strands in the pressed panels progressively increased and as a result mechanical properties in bending were reduced.Image analysis is therefore a powerful tool for evaluating the distribution of commercial strand shapes and the relationship between strand geometry, strand orientation and the mechanical properties of oriented strand board.  相似文献   

The therapeutic effects of SET/I2PP2A inhibitors on canine melanoma     

Shuhei ENJOJI  Ryotaro YABE  Nobuyuki FUJIWARA  Shunya TSUJI  Michael P. VITEK  Takuya MIZUNO  Takayuki NAKAGAWA  Tatsuya USUI  Takashi OHAMA  Koichi SATO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1451-1456

Canine melanoma is one of the most important diseases in small animal medicine. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a well conserved serine/threonine phosphatase, plays a critical role as a tumor suppressor. SET/I2PP2A is an endogenous inhibitor for PP2A, which directly binds to PP2A and suppresses its phosphatase activity. Elevated SET protein levels have been reported to exacerbate human tumor progression. The role of SET in canine melanoma, however, has not been understood. Here, we investigated the potential therapeutic role for SET inhibitors in canine melanoma. The expression of SET protein was observed in 6 canine melanoma cell lines. We used CMeC-1 cells (primary origin) and CMeC-2 cells (metastatic origin) to generate cell lines stably expressing SET-targeting shRNAs. Knockdown of SET expression in CMeC-2, but not in CMeC-1, leads to decreased cell proliferation, invasion and colony formation. Phosphorylation level of p70 S6 kinase was decreased by SET knockdown in CMeC-2, suggesting the involvement of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin)/p70 S6 kinase signaling. The SET inhibitors, OP449 and FTY720, more effectively killed CMeC-2 than CMeC-1. We observed PP2A activation in CMeC-2 treated with OP449 and FTY720. These results demonstrated the potential therapeutic application of SET inhibitors for canine melanoma.  相似文献   

Hypoxia inducible factor 1α expression and effects of its inhibitors in canine lymphoma     

Satoshi KAMBAYASHI  Masaya IGASE  Kosuke KOBAYASHI  Ayana KIMURA  Takako SHIMOKAWA MIYAMA  Kenji BABA  Shunsuke NOGUCHI  Takuya MIZUNO  Masaru OKUDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1405-1412

Hypoxic conditions in various cancers are believed to relate with their malignancy, and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has been shown to be a major regulator of the response to low oxygen. In this study, we examined HIF-1α expression in canine lymphoma using cell lines and clinical samples and found that these cells expressed HIF-1α. Moreover, the HIF-1α inhibitors, echinomycin, YC-1 and 2-methoxyestradiol, suppressed the proliferation of canine lymphoma cell lines. In a xenograft model using NOD/scid mice, echinomycin treatment resulted in a dose-dependent regression of the tumor. Our results suggest that HIF-1α contributes to the proliferation and/or survival of canine lymphoma cells. Therefore, HIF-1α inhibitors may be potential agents to treat canine lymphoma.  相似文献   

Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Characterized by Abundant Stromal Components with Chondroid and Osseous Metaplasia in a Dog     

Ryosuke KOBAYASHI  Naoaki YAMADA  Takashi KITAMORI  Fumiyo KITAMORI  Kazunari SATO  Takuya DOI  Yumi WAKO  Junko SATO  Minoru TSUCHITANI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(8):1161-1164

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Carbon source and trophic position of pelagic fish in coastal waters of south-eastern Izu Peninsula,Japan, identified by stable isotope analysis     

Noriyuki Takai  Noriyuki Hirose  Takuya Osawa  Kazuyuki Hagiwara  Takahito Kojima  Yuji Okazaki  Tomohiro Kuwae  Toru Taniuchi  Kiyoshi Yoshihara 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(3):593-608

ABSTRACT:   It is important to clarify trophic dynamics in marine ecosystems for management of the fishing ground. Organic carbon sources and trophic position of pelagic fishes in the coastal waters of the south-eastern Izu Peninsula, Japan, were examined on the basis of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope distributions. The δ¹³C of the fishes was mostly distributed from −19 to −16‰ for nektonic fishes (13 species of adults and immatures) and planktonic fishes (10 species of larvae and juveniles), close to the δ¹³C values of particulate organic matter and planktonic decapods. These δ¹³C signatures for the inhabitants of the water column were in contrast with the high δ¹³C values (mainly −16 to −13‰) for demersal fishes of Scorpaeniformes and benthic polychaetes collected in the surf zone. These results indicate that nektonic and planktonic fishes depend on phytoplankton for carbon supply. The δ¹⁵N signatures suggest that the trophic position ranged 3.1–4.5 for the nektonic fishes and 2.9–3.7 for the planktonic fishes, premised on trophic level 3 for larval Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus . Thus, planktivorous fishes should be mainly assigned to trophic levels 3 and 4 in this area.  相似文献   

Annual net production of the five Sargassaceae species in Yoro,western Wakasa Bay,Sea of Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kousuke?YatsuyaEmail author  Tomokazu?Nishigaki  Akio?Douke  Yozo?Wada 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(5):1098-1106

ABSTRACT:   Annual net production of the five Sargassaceae species was investigated in Yoro, western Wakasa Bay, Sea of Japan. The Sargassaceae species were collected at a depth of 2.0–2.5 m and subjected to stratified clipping for 13 months. Annual net production was estimated at 2407 g dry wt/m² for Sargassum patens , 2132 g dry wt/m² for Sargassum macrocarpum , 1458 g dry wt/m² for Sargassum siliquastrum , 1197 g dry wt/m² for Myagropsis myagroides , and 1471 g dry wt/m² for Sargassum piluliferum . The ratio of annual net production to maximum biomass (P/B_max) for these species ranged between 1.3 and 1.7, being higher than in previous studies which used the same method. Winter storms with strong wave exposure and relatively calm condition in Yoro were considered to augment P/B_max. The total losses estimated from the different units of stratified clipping were compared. If larger and less segregated units were applied, the total loss would decrease. It was suggested that a 50 cm stratum would be applicable to the larger species (3 m or longer) and a stratum of 20 cm or less would be applicable to mid-sized or smaller species (less than 3 m).  相似文献   

The Silicon Concentration in Cat Urine and Its Relationship with Other Elements     

Fumihito TAKAHASHI  Mariko MOCHIZUKI  Takuya YOGO  Katsumi ISHIOKA  Norio YUMOTO  Toshinori SAKO  Fukiko UEDA  Masahiro TAGAWA  Hiroyuki TAZAKI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(4):569-572

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