Evaluation of antioxidant status and oxidative stress in cattle naturally infected with Theileria annulata     

Asri Rezaei S  Dalir-Naghadeh B 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,142(1-2):179-186

To assess the antioxidant status and oxidative stress in bovine theileriosis due to Theileria annulata blood samples were collected from 35 clinically affected cattle referred to Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. Complete blood count, piroplasm parasitemia percentage, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities, malondialdehyde concentration, osmotic fragility test and median corpuscular fragility were determined and the results were compared with those of 50 healthy controls. Of 35 affected cattle, 12 (34.28%) had severe anemia and 23 had mild to moderate anemia and parasitemia varied from 5 to 40%. The activities of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were significantly lower (P<0.0001) and the activity of catalase was significantly higher in the affected cattle than in healthy ones (P<0.001). Malondialdehyde concentration in erythrocytes of affected cattle was significantly more than those of healthy cattle (P<0.001). The affected cattle showed increased fragility of erythrocytes, so that median corpuscular fragility (MCF) in affected group was significantly lower than those of healthy group (P<0.0001). Median corpuscular fragility showed a positive correlation with the severity of parasitemia (r=0.81, P<0.0005) and a negative correlation with the activities of GSH-Px (r=-0.78, P<0.0001), SOD (r=-0.71, P<0.0005), catalase (r=-0.53, P<0.018) and G6PD (r=-0.58, P<0.0005). The results of this study suggest that oxidative damage to RBCs may contribute to the pathogenesis of anemia in bovine theileriosis.  相似文献   

Sowing date effects on dry matter remobilization and yield of triticale (Triticosecale wittmack) under late season drought stress     

Ehsan Bijanzadeh  Vahid Barati  Yahya Emam 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(7):681-695

A 2-year field experiment using a randomized complete block design with the treatments arranged as split-split-plot with three replicates was conducted to investigate the effects of different sowing dates. Different irrigation regimes and different triticale cultivars were tested during 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. Under cutting off irrigation at the milk development stage, Sanabad with 46.2% had higher relative water content on December 3 sowing date. Assimilate remobilization in cutting off irrigation at dough development was more than that at milk development and Sanabad had the highest assimilate remobilization on 3 December sowing date in both years. In both years, Sanabad had the highest remobilization efficiency. The highest contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to grain was obtained on 3 December sowing date in both years in Sanabad. Lower grain yield in Juanillo cultivar under cutting off irrigation, appeared to be due to reduction in remobilization efficiency, especially by cutting off irrigation at milk development stage in late sowing date. Overall, Sanabad was more tolerant to cutting off irrigation than Juanillo.  相似文献   

Comparison of EDTA and ammonium Bicarbonate-DTPA for the extraction of phosphorus in calcareous soils from Kerman,Iran     

Roghayeh Shahriaripour  Ahmad Tajabadipour  Isa Esfandiarpoor  Vahid Mozafary 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(11-12):1277-1282

Developing a fast and reliable soil testing method is critical for improving soil testing efficiency and ensuring reliable fertilizer recommendation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate sodium ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (Na₂-EDTA) as a replacement for ammonium bicarbonate-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (AB-DTPA) to extract phosphorus (P) to determinate the relationships between extractable P and its uptake by crop in calcareous soils. Na₂-EDTA and AB-DTPA was compared by the amounts of extracted P by analyzing soil samples collected from agricultural production areas. There were significant correlations between Na₂-EDTA and AB-DTPA for soil test P based on soils collected from the agricultural field. Soil test P by both extractants was significantly correlated with plant P concentration. Na₂-EDTA was identified as an alternate improved extraction method instead of AB-DTPA in calcareous soils based on this study. However, more work will be needed to identify the correlation of the two extractants and crop responses under a field condition.  相似文献   

Land use change modeling through an integrated Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network and Markov Chain analysis(case study: Arasbaran region,Iran)     

Vahid Nasiri  Ali.A.Darvishsefat  Reza Rafiee  Anoushirvan Shirvany  Mohammad Avatefi Hemat 《林业研究》2019,(3):943-957

Temporal land use/land cover (LULC) change information provides a variety of applications for informed management of land resources. The aim of this study was to detect and predict LULC changes in the Arasbaran region using an integrated Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network and Markov Chain analysis. At the first step, multi-temporal Landsat images (1990, 2002 and 2014) were processed using ancillary data and were classified into seven LULC categories of high density forest, low-density forest, agriculture, grassland, barren land, water and urban area. Next, LULC changes were detected for three time profiles, 1990–2002, 2002–2014 and 1990–2014. A 2014 LULC map of the study area was further simulated (for model performance evaluation) applying 1990 and 2002 map layers. In addition, a collection of spatial variables was also used for modeling LULC change processes as driving forces. The actual and simulated 2014 LULC change maps were cross-tabulated and compared to ensure model simulation success and the results indicated an overall accuracy and kappa coefficient of 97.79% and 0.992, respectively. Having the model properly validated, LULC change was predicted up to the year 2025. The results demonstrated that 992 and 1592 ha of high and lowdensity forests were degraded during 1990–2014,respectively, while 422 ha were added to the extent of residential areas with a growth rate of 17.58 ha per year. The developed model predicted a considerable degradation trend for the forest categories through 2025, accounting for 489 and 531 ha of loss for high and low-density forests, respectively. By way of contrast, residential area and farmland categories will increase up to 211 and 427 ha, respectively. The integrated prediction model and customary area data can be used for practical management efforts by simulating vegetation dynamics and future LULC change trajectories.  相似文献   

Wide hybridization and introgression breeding in safflower: Effectiveness of different selection methods     

Soheila Espanani  Mohammad Mahdi Majidi  Ghodratollah Saeidi  Hossein Alaei  Vahid Rezaei 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(6):846-861

Possibility of using interspecific hybridization to increase genetic diversity of drought tolerance in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and effectiveness of different selection methods is poorly understood. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of (a) interspecific hybridization to expand genetic diversity in safflower for agronomic traits and drought tolerance in advance generations and (b) different selection methods (direct vs. indirect) for improving seed yield. Interspecific hybridizations were performed between species of C. tinctorius × C. palaestinus (TP), C. palaestinus × C. oxyacantha (PO) and C. tinctorius × C. oxyacantha (TO). Based on the field screening of genotypes in F3 generation, four groups of selected genotypes (derived from combination of direct and indirect selection under both drought and normal environments along with selection based on drought tolerance index (STI)) were evaluated in F4 and F5 generations. Indirect selection for seed yield was significantly more efficient than direct selection. Selection in stress environment resulted to more efficiency than selection in normal environment. No significant difference was observed between direct selection and selection based on STI. The result showed that TP was the best population to combine high seed yield and drought tolerance in safflower.  相似文献   

Response of industrial hemp to Salsola kali subsp. tragus densities under organic and conventional fertilisation     

Mohammad Akrami-Dizaj  Vahid Sarabi 《Weed Research》2020,60(4):303-311

A 2-year field study was conducted to determine the effects of different nutrition systems and Salsola kali subsp. tragus densities on industrial hemp yield and its components. Experiments were conducted as a split plot in a randomised complete block design with three replicates. Factors were fertilisation (poultry manure, vermicompost and nitrogen fertiliser) as the main plot and weed density (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 plants/m²) as the subplot. Results indicated that the maximum number of racemes per plant, seeds per raceme, 1000-seed weight, biomass, grain yield and harvest index (HI) of industrial hemp were obtained using vermicompost and were reduced with nitrogen fertiliser application. All measured properties in hemp plants decreased due to increasing S. kali subsp. tragus density, especially at 15 and 20 plants/m². The most significant reduction in hemp grain yield and its components was observed by increasing weed density with the application of nitrogen fertiliser. The application of vermicompost at high weed densities resulted in greater hemp grain yield and its components compared with nitrogen fertiliser. It is recommended to apply organic fertilisers, especially vermicompost at high S. kali subsp. tragus densities.  相似文献   

Assessment of serum thyroid hormone concentrations in lambs with selenium deficiency myopathy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dalir-Naghadeh B  Rezaei SA 《American journal of veterinary research》2008,69(5):659-663

OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in serum concentrations of thyroid hormones associated with selenium deficiency myopathy in lambs. ANIMALS: 35 lambs with selenium deficiency myopathy and 30 healthy lambs. PROCEDURES: Blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture from lambs with selenium deficiency myopathy and healthy lambs. Activities of markers of selenium deficiency myopathy (erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase [GSH-Px] and plasma creatine kinase [CK]) and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and total thyroxine (tT(4)) and total triiodothyronine (tT(3)) concentrations were assessed; values in affected lambs were compared with those in healthy lambs. Correlations of erythrocyte GSH-Px and plasma CK activities with serum concentrations of TSH, tT(4), and tT(3) were investigated, and the tT(3):tT(4) concentration ratio was evaluated. RESULTS: Compared with findings in healthy lambs, erythrocyte GSH-Px activity, serum tT(3) concentration, and tT(3):tT(4) concentration ratio were significantly decreased and serum concentrations of tT(4) and TSH and the activity of plasma CK were significantly increased in affected lambs. Analysis revealed a significant negative correlation in the affected group between erythrocyte GSH-Px activity and each of the following: plasma CK activity (r = -0.443), serum TSH concentration (r = -0.599), serum tT(4) concentration (r = -0.577), and serum tT(3) concentration (r = -0.621). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that notable changes in circulating amounts of thyroid hormones develop in association with selenium deficiency in lambs. Such alterations in thyroid hormone metabolism may be involved in the high incidence of disorders, such as stillbirths and neonatal deaths, in selenium-deficient flocks.  相似文献   

Non-Destructive Evaluation of Edible Coatings Effects on Keeping Quality of European Plums (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Prunus domestica</Emphasis> L.) by Laser Light Backscattering Imaging     

Yousef Rezaei Kalaj  Martin Geyer  Werner B. Herppich 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2018,60(4):311-320

Fruits of European plum (Prunus domestica L.) show high rates of transpiration. Consequently, they are highly perishable fruit. In the present study, the potential of an edible coating (Versasheen®-based with sorbitol as plasticizer) to improve storage life and keeping quality was evaluated on fruit of the plum cultivars ‘Jojo’ and ‘Tophit plus’. Plums were picked at commercial harvest date and stored at 2?±?0.5?°C (90?±?2% rh) for up to 28?d plus 2?d at 20?°C to simulate shelf life. Every seventh day, plums were analysed for transpiration, colour changes and laser light backscattering imaging (LLBI) at a wavelength of 785?nm to non-destructively investigate variations in quality properties of plums. Finally, fruit flesh firmness, soluble solids content, and titratable acidity were determined destructively. Results indicated that coating of fruit of both cultivars increased their surface resistance against water vapour transfer resulting in lower transpiration rates and thus lower mass losses compared to controls. Consequently, coating of fruit considerably delayed the decrease in flesh firmness. Moreover, edible coating retarded the increase of FWHM785 in coated plums. In this context, FWHM785 proved as a rapid and non-destructive tool to monitor changes in mechanical properties in heavily coloured plums. Results highlight that edible coatings successfully extend post-harvest life of plums.  相似文献   

Abscisic acid alleviates the deleterious effects of cold stress on ‘Sultana’ grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) plants by improving the anti-oxidant activity and photosynthetic capacity of leaves     

Rouhollah Karimi  Abdolhossein Rezaei Nejad  Shahrokh Khanizadeh 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2016,91(4):386-395

The effects of exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA) on anti-oxidant enzyme activities and photosynthetic capacity in ‘Sultana’ grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) were investigated under cold stress. When vines had an average of 15 leaves, 0 (control), 50, 100, or 200 µM ABA was sprayed to run-off on all leaves of each plant. Twenty-four hours after foliar spraying with ABA, half (n = 5) of the water-only control vines and half (n = 5) of each group of ABA-treated plants were subjected to 4°C for 12 h, followed by a recovery period of 3 d under greenhouse conditions (25°/18°C day/night). The remaining plants in each treatment group were kept at 24°C. Cold stress increased H₂O₂ and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in vine leaves, whereas all foliar ABA treatments significantly reduced their levels. Chilled plants showed marked increases in their total soluble protein contents in response to each ABA treatment. ABA significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase in cold-stressed grapevine leaves. In contrast, cold stress markedly decreased the rates of leaf photosynthesis (A) and evaporation (E), stomatal conductance (g_s), and chlorophyll concentrations in leaves, but increased intercellular CO₂ concentrations (C_i) in leaves. Treatment with all concentrations of ABA resulted in lower leaf A, E, and g_s values, but higher C_i values at 24°C. However, following cold stress, ABA-treated vines showed higher leaf A, E, and g_s values, but lower C_i values compared to control vines without ABA treatment. The application of 50–200 µM ABA allowed chilled vines to recover more quickly when re-exposed to normal temperatures, enabling the vines to resume their photosynthetic capacity more efficiently following cold stress. These results showed that, by stimulating anti-oxidant enzyme systems and alleviating cold-induced stomatal limitations, ABA reduced the inhibitory effect of cold stress on the rate of CO₂ fixation in ‘Sultana’ grapevine plants.  相似文献   

Role of GABAB Receptor and L-Arg in GABA-Induced Vasorelaxation in Non-diabetic and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Vessels     

Fatemah Kharazmi  Nepton Soltani  Sana Rezaei  Mansoor Keshavarz  Leila Farsi 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2015,19(2):91-95

Background:

Hypertension is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients. The present study was designed to determine the role of gamma amino butyric acid B (GABA_B) receptor and L-arginine (L-Arg) in GABA-induced vasorelaxation in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat vessels.

Methods:

Diabetes was induced by a single i.p. injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg). Eight weeks later, superior mesenteric arteries of all groups were isolated and perfused according to the McGregor method.

Results:

Baseline perfusion pressure of STZ diabetic rats was significantly higher than non-diabetic rats in both intact and denuded endothelium. In the presence of faclofen, a selective GABA_B receptor blocker, GABA-induced relaxation in intact and denuded endothelium mesenteric beds of STZ diabetic rats was suppressed, but this response in non-diabetic rats was not suppressed. Our results showed that in the presence of L-Arg, a nitric oxide precursor, GABA induced vasorelaxation in both diabetic and non-diabetic vessels.

Conclusion:

From the results of this study, it may be concluded that the vasorelaxatory effect of GABA in diabetic vessel is mediated by the GABA_B receptor and nitric oxide, but it seems that in non-diabetic vessel GABA_B receptor does not play any role in GABA-induced vasorelaxation, but nitric oxide induced GABA relaxation in non-diabetic vessel. Key Words: Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), Diabetes, GABA_B receptor  相似文献