Past,present and future suitable areas for the relict tree Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Juglandaceae): Integrating fossil records,niche modeling,and phylogeography for conservation     

Song  Yi-Gang  Walas  Łukasz  Pietras  Marcin  Sâm  Hoàng Văn  Yousefzadeh  Hamed  Ok  Tolga  Farzaliyev  Vahid  Worobiec  Grzegorz  Worobiec  Elżbieta  Stachowicz-Rybka  Renata  Boratyński  Adam  Boratyńska  Krystyna  Kozlowski  Gregor  Jasińska  Anna K. 《European Journal of Forest Research》2021,140(6):1323-1339

European Journal of Forest Research - Pterocarya fraxinifolia, native to the southern Caucasus and adjacent areas, has been widely introduced in Europe. In this study, we investigate the following:...  相似文献   

Metabolic resistance mechanisms to phosalone in the common pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae (Hem.: Psyllidae)     

Ali Alizadeh  Khalil Talebi  Vahid Hosseininaveh  Mohammad Ghadamyari 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,101(2):59-64

The common pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae, is the most damaging pest of pistachio in Iran, and is generally controlled by insecticides belonging to various classes especially, phosalone. The toxicity of phosalone in nine populations of the pest was assayed using the residual contact vial and insect-dip methods. The bioassay results showed significant discrepancy in susceptibility to phosalone among the populations. Resistance ratio of the populations to the susceptible population ranged from 3.3 to 11.3. The synergistic effects of TPP, PBO and DEM were evaluated on the susceptible and the most resistant population to determine the involvement of esterases, mixed function oxidases and glutathione S-transferases in resistance mechanisms, respectively. The level of resistance to phosalone in the resistant population was suppressed by TPP, PBO and DEM, suggesting that the resistance to phosalone is mainly caused by esterase detoxification. Biochemical enzyme assays revealed that esterase, glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activities in the resistant population was higher than that in the susceptible. Glutathione-S-transferases play a minor role in the resistance of the pest to phosalone.  相似文献   

Evidence for proteolysis of a recombinant prion protein in a lamb brain‐amended loamy soil     

D. Rapp  A. Richaume  P. Jame  P. Rigou  H. Rezaei  P. Alcouffe  J.‐P. Chapel  H. Quiquampoix  P. Potier 《European Journal of Soil Science》2011,62(4):607-616

Soils contaminated by prions, the infectious agents responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathy diseases, remain infectious to grazing animals for many years. In this study, the ability of enzymes produced by soil microbes to degrade a recombinant prion protein (recPrP) was investigated in a loamy soil. A ¹⁵N‐labelled recPrP was added to soil in which microbial biomass and soil proteolytic activity had been increased by either simultaneous or prior amendment with lamb brain, and distribution of ¹⁵N among soil solid particles, soluble molecules and bacterial biomass was determined. After 1 day the proportions of recovered recPrP‐N associated with microbial biomass and soluble molecules were 6–9 and 15–19%, respectively, which is consistent with the hypothesis of degradation. A greater incorporation of ¹⁵N‐derived β‐sheeted recPrP into the microbial biomass pool occurred when the soil proteolytic activity was pre‐stimulated by a lamb brain amendment, suggesting that the recPrP degradation in soil is mediated by the activity level of proteolytic enzymes produced by the microbial biomass. The majority (35–87%) of the recovered recPrP‐N was associated with the soil particles. An observed partial degradation of recPrP deposited on a mica surface by soil soluble enzymes indicated a sorption‐related resistance to proteolysis. In conclusion, integration of the stimulation and turnover of the soil microbial component, after an input of a large amount of animal organic matter with the sorption properties of prion protein, is required to model and predict prion survivability, transformation and transmissibility in soil.  相似文献   

Prevalence, biology, pathology, and public health importance of linguatulosis of camel in Iran     

Oryan A  Khordadmehr M  Ranjbar VR 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(6):1225-1231

Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan zoonotic parasite with its adult form occurring in the nasal and respiratory passages of canids as the definitive hosts, while its immature stages localize in the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lungs, and, rarely, in other organs, such as the ocular region of herbivorous intermediate hosts. Humans can behave as both intermediate and final host and are infected by visceral and nasopharyngeal linguatulosis. Consumption of infected, improperly cooked viscera of the intermediate hosts, including sheep, goats, cattle, camels, or other herbivores containing the larval stages of this parasite is a potential source of infection of human beings with the nasopharyngeal form of linguatulosis. However, nasopharyngeal secretions or feces of carnivores containing eggs of Linguatula are the main sources for infecting human beings with the visceral form of this infection. In the present study, the prevalence of infection by nymphs of L. serrata in 101 camels in Yazd Province, central Iran, was estimated based on histopathological studies of samples from two, apparently enlarged, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), together with one sample from a whitish pinpoint spot on the liver and spleen of each animal. Thirteen camels (12.9%) were infected with the nymphal stage of L. serrata. Age and sex did not play a significant role in the prevalence of this parasitic infection. The number of parasites in each MLN ranged from one to six larvae. In view of the consumption of raw or undercooked liver and visceral organs of camel by humans of this region, the importance of careful inspection at slaughter needs to be emphasized.  相似文献   

Improved model for studying hydrological process in the field-to-field irrigation system     

Ebadi  Arash  Raja  Omid  Ebrahimian  Hamed  Yazdani  Mohammad Reza  Rezaverdinejad  Vahid 《Paddy and Water Environment》2022,20(1):137-150

Paddy and Water Environment - One of the common irrigation systems in the paddy fields is field-to-field irrigation. The management of these irrigation systems is difficult and essential because of...  相似文献   

Chronic Aerobic Exercise Decreases Lectin-Like Low Density Lipoprotein (LOX-1) Receptor Expression in Heart of Diabetic Rat     

Simin Riahi  Mohammad Taghi Mohammadi  Vahid Sobhani  Shima Ababzadeh 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2016,20(1):26-32

Background:

Overexpression of lectin-like low density lipoprotein (LOX-1) receptor plays an important role in hyperglycemia-induced vascular complications such as atherosclerosis. Based on the beneficial effects of exercise on preventing cardiovascular complications of diabetes, we aimed to examine the protective effects of aerobic exercise on expression of LOX-1 receptor and production of free radicals in the heart of diabetic rats.

Methods:

Four groups of rats were used: (n = 5 per group): sedentary normal, trained normal, sedentary diabetes and trained diabetes. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). The exercise protocol was consisted of swimming 30 min/day, 5 days/week for eight weeks. Plasma glucose was evaluated at initiation, weeks 4 and 8 of experiment. At the end of experiment, rats were sacrificed and the heart was removed for determination of nitrate, malondialdehyde, and LOX-1 gene expression.

Results:

In normal non-diabetic rats, the blood glucose level was <150 mg/dl; however, the induction of diabetes resulted in levels more than >400 mg/dl. Gene expression of LOX-1 was increased in the heart of diabetic rats. Exercise reduced the gene expression of this protein in diabetic states without reducing the blood glucose. Finally, swimming exercise decreased the malondialdehyde and nitrate levels in heart tissue both in control and diabetic rats.

Conclusion:

Swimming exercise reduces heart expression of the LOX-1 receptor in accompany with reduction of free radicals production. Since these parameters are important in generation of diabetic complications, swimming exercise is a good candidate for reducing these complications. Key Words: Hyperglycemia, Diabetic complications, LOX-1 receptor, Exercise, Free radicals  相似文献   

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF RICE SEEDLINGS TO COLD,SALT, AND DROUGHT STRESSES     

Maryam-Sadat Shobbar  Omid Azhari  Zahra-Sadat Shobbar  Vahid Niknam  Hossein Askari  Mohammad Pessarakli 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(7):1037-1052

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most sensitive crops to drought, salt and cold stresses, particularly at post germination stage. The effects of these stresses on some physiological responses of two (a salt tolerant and a sensitive) rice cultivars ‘FL478’ and ‘IR29’ were investigated in this study. Two-day seedlings were transferred to MS media complemented with iso-osmotic concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl; 0, 50, 100, and 150 mM) or mannitol (0, 100, 180, and 275 mM) at 25°C or four and 15°C for 10 days. Experiments were carried out based on completely randomized design, with at least three replicates. All three stresses decreased shoot growth, chlorophylls, carotenoids and root starch while increased shoot soluble sugars. The effect of exerted cold stress on growth, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malonyldialdehyde levels, electrolyte leakage, chlorophylls and carotenoids contents was more than or comparable with drought, but greater than salinity. The results also indicated higher tolerance of ‘‘FL478’’ not only to salinity but also to drought compared to ‘‘IR29’’. Therefore, a mechanism for osmotic stress adjustment is probable in ‘‘FL478’’ in addition to low sodium (Na⁺) to potassium (K⁺) ratio in shoot tissues under salinity.  相似文献   

The Effect of Irrigation Management and Nitrogen Fertilizer On Grain Yield and Water-use Efficiency of Rice Cultivars in Northern Iran     

Eisapour Nakhjiri  Sajad  Ashouri  Majid  Sadeghi  Seyyed Mostafa  Mohammadian Roshan  Naser  Rezaei  Mojtaba 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2021,73(3):359-366

Gesunde Pflanzen - Alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) is a&nbsp;water-conserving strategy in rice fields. An experiment, conducted as a&nbsp;split-split plot design and based on...  相似文献   

Improving the Drought Tolerance in Pistachio (Pistacia vera) Seedlings by Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid     

Reyhani Haghighi  Sajjad  Hosseininaveh  Vahid  Maali-Amiri  Reza  Talebi  Khalil  Irani  Solmaz 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2021,73(4):495-507

Gesunde Pflanzen - Pistachio (Pistacia vera&nbsp;L.) is an economically important nut crop that is prone to drought stress since it is mainly produced in arid and semi-arid regions. Considering...  相似文献   

Targeted Deletion of Los1 Homologue Affects the Production of a Recombinant Model Protein in Pichia pastoris     

Najmeh Zarei  Hosnieh Ghasemi  Mahsa Nayebhashemi  Mozhgan Zahmatkesh  Monire Jamalkhah  Nafiseh Moeinian  Zahra Mohammadi  Somayeh Enayati  Vahid Khalaj 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2021,25(4):255

Background:The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris is an appealing production host for a variety of recombinant proteins, including biologics. In this sense, various genetic- and non-genetic-based techniques have been implemented to improve the production efficiency of this expression platform. Los1 (loss of supression) encodes a non-essential nuclear tRNA exporter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which its deletion extends RLS. Herein, a los1-deficient strain of P. pastoris was generated and characterized. Methods:A gene disruption cassette was prepared and transformed into an anti-CD22-expressing strain of P. pastoris. A δ los1 mutant was isolated and confirmed. The drug sensitivity of the mutant was also assessed. The growth pattern and the level of anti-CD22 ScFv expression were compared between the parent and mutant strains.Results:The los1 homologue was found to be a non-essential gene in P. pastoris. Furthermore, the susceptibility of los1 deletion strain to protein synthesis inhibitors was altered. This strain showed an approximately 1.85-fold increase in the extracellular level of anti-CD22 scFv (p < 0.05). The maximum concentrations of total proteins secreted by δ los1 and parent strains were 125 mg/L and 68 mg/L, respectively.Conclusion:The presented data suggest that the targeted disruption of los1 homologue in P. pastoris can result in a higher expression level of our target protein. Findings of this study may improve the current strategies used in optimizing the productivity of recombinant P. pastoris strains. Key Words: Aging, Longevity, Pichia pastoris, Recombinant proteins  相似文献