Dravya—As an organic agent for the management of seed-borne fungi of sorghum and its role in the induction of defense enzymes     

Vinay B. Raghavendra  M. Govindappa 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,89(3):190-197

A commercially developed cytokinin and seaweed extract formulation “Dravya” was used at 0.3% concentration for soaking of sorghum seeds for 12 h to test its effect on germination, vigour index, chlorophyll content and defense enzyme activity against seed mycoflora of sorghum. Among the treatments, Dravya (0.3%) with Dithane M-45 (0.1%) and GLSTIN (0.1%) or separately or in combination resulted is maximum percentage of seed germination, seedling vigour and reduced the incidence of seed mycoflora besides defense enzymes enhancement was noticed. In this study, Dravya was used for seed soaking, foliar spray, separately as well as in combination with GLSTIN and Mancozeb M-45 to test its efficacy in the enhancement of seedling vigour, chlorophyll content and defence enzyme activities. Hence, it is inferred that Dravya is a good growth promoter and improves natural resistance to disease in sorghum.  相似文献   

Simple methods for measurement of bovine mucosal antibody responses in vivo     

McNeilly TN  Naylor SW  Mitchell MC  McAteer S  Mahajan A  Smith DG  Gally DL  Low JC  Huntley JF 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2007,118(1-2):160-167

The mucosal immune response serves as the first line of defence against many bacterial and viral diseases. Therefore, measurement of mucosal immune responses is important in evaluating mucosal immunisation protocols and understanding initial host/pathogen interactions. In this study we compare two methods for repeated sampling of bovine rectal mucosal secretions, namely rectal swabbing and rectal biopsies, and evaluate a simple swabbing method for sampling bovine nasal secretions. Both rectal swabs and rectal biopsies yielded similar quantities of total IgA (TIgA)/ml. However, rectal biopsies yielded five times more total IgG (TIgG)/ml than rectal swabs. Blood contamination was estimated to contribute approximately 7% of TIgG and <0.05% TIgA in rectal swab samples compared to 40% of TIgG and 4.5% of TIgA in rectal biopsy samples, indicating that rectal swabbing was more effective at sampling rectal mucosal secretions. Nasal swabs were effective at obtaining nasal secretion samples with only 1% of TIgG and <0.05% TIgA estimated to be blood derived. Furthermore, H7 flagellin-specific antibodies were detected in both nasal and rectal swab samples following either rectal immunisation with purified H7 flagellin or oral challenge with live E. coli O157:H7, indicating that both techniques are effective methods for monitoring mucosal antibody responses in cattle.  相似文献   

Effect of binary combination of some plant-derived molluscicides with MGK-264 or piperonyl butoxide on the reproduction of the snail Lymnaea acuminata     

Singh P  Singh VK  Singh DK 《Pest management science》2005,61(2):204-208

The effects of sub-lethal treatments (20 and 60% of 24-h LC(50)) with plant-derived molluscicides Annona squamosa, acetogenins, Argemone mexicana seed and protopine, in combination (1 + 5) with MGK-264 (ENT 8184) or piperonyl butoxide on the reproduction of Lymnaea acuminata has been studied. The plant-derived molluscicides and their active molluscicidal components, protopine and acetogenins, in combination with ENT 8184 or piperonyl butoxide caused a significant reduction in the fecundity, hatchability and survival of young snails. Combination of A squamosa seed powder with piperonyl butoxide was very effective as it caused a complete arrest of snail fecundity within 24 h of treatment. Removal of the snails to fresh water after the 96-h treatments caused a significant recovery in the fecundity of L acuminata.  相似文献   

Histopathology of uterine horns in pseudo-pregnancy in a bitch     

H V Chauhan  J M Nigam  S K Mahajan  P Dwivedi 《The Indian veterinary journal》1971,48(4):426-429

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Variability of Nutritional and Cooking Quality in Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) as a Function of Genotype     

Supradip Saha  Gyanendra Singh  V. Mahajan  H. S. Gupta 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(2):174-180

Screening of natural biodiversity for the better quality traits are of prime importance for quality breeding programs. The objective of this investigation was to select candidate accession of bean having high concentrations of protein as well as macro and micro minerals with good cooking quality for use as parents in breeding programme for these compounds. Thirty-five accessions of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) were field grown and their seeds were analyzed for their cooking quality and nutritional composition. Wide variations were observed in most of the measurements e.g. protein (18.7–26.2%), iron (79.4–137.6 ppm) and hardness after cooking (4.65–9.88 Kg) suggesting that there are considerable levels of genetic diversity. Across all accessions the concentration of potassium was negatively correlated with protein (r = −0.43, P < 0.05). Concentrations of protein was significantly greater in accessions VIII, XIII and XIX compared to other accessions analyzed. Iron concentrations were greatest (137 ppm) in XIX and lowest (79 ppm) in XXVII. Lines with less cooking time were line III, X, XXVI, XXX and XXXI. Bean line XIX contains high protein (24.9%) with high zinc (33.3 ppm) and highest iron (137.6 ppm), but it has high hardness after cooking (7.32 kg). Four clusters were computed by cluster analysis that explained quite a good variation in the traits. The great variability for these attributes suggests that these selected accessions may be useful as parents in hybridization programs to produce bean with value-added traits. This information was also potentially useful for pulse breeders working on the development of new varieties.  相似文献   

Diversity in Indian sesame collection and stratification of germplasm accessions in different diversity groups   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

I.S. Bisht  R.K. Mahajan  T.R. Loknathan  R.C. Agrawal 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1998,45(4):325-335

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the ancient oil crops, grown in India since over 5,000 years ago. Diversity in the Indian sesame collection (3,129 accessions), representing all eco-geographical regions, for a range of morphological and agronomic characters was studied. Wide variation in plant habit (plant height and branching pattern), pubescence of various plant parts (stem, leaf, corolla and capsule), flower colour and number of flowers per leaf axil, capsule characteristics (shape, size, number in the axil of a leaf and number of locules in a capsule), number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, mean seed weight, and yield per plant was recorded. A detailed multivariate analysis was performed on a set of 100 selected accessions representing different agro-ecological zones. The accessions were classified into 7 discrete clusters. The principal components analysis described the spatial relationship among the entities and confirmed groupings obtained through clustering. Based on the clustering pattern of 100 accessions, the entire collection was allocated to different clusters. Representation of various zones in 7 clusters gives us the opportunity to form distinct diversity groups making combined use of passport and characterisation data. These diversity groups would subsequently be used for sampling the accessions for building up a core collection of sesame, a project already operative at the NBPGR.  相似文献   

Yield and water productivity of rice as affected by time of transplanting in Punjab, India   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G. Mahajan  T.S. Bharaj 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(3):525-532

Early planting of rice crop during the period of peak evaporative demand results in substantial mining of ground water and threats the sustainability of rice production in Punjab, northwest India. In order to increase yield and water productivity, arrest the mining of ground water, and achieve sustainability of rice production, there is need to adopt water-saving management practices. The present investigation in the Indian Punjab was aimed at investigating the effect of date of transplanting in four rice cultivars varying in growth duration (short-duration RH-257 and PR-115, and medium-duration PR-113 and PAU-201) on yield and water productivity. Delaying in transplanting from 15 June to 25 June or 5 July resulted in reduction in mean grain yield of the four cultivars by 7.2% and 15.9%, respectively. PAU-201, a photoperiod-sensitive cultivar, had higher mean grain yield (7.8 t ha⁻¹) by 14.1%, 12.8% and 11.5% over the photoperiod-insensitive cultivars, PR-113, PR-115 and RH-257, respectively. Irrespective of transplanting dates, short-duration cultivars, RH-257 and PR-115, respectively, resulted in 18.9% and 16.6% saving of water, as compared to medium-duration cultivar PR-113. With delayed transplanting after 15 June, both yield and water productivity decreased for all photoperiod insensitive cultivars, but yields remained statistically similar and water productivity greater for a photoperiod sensitive cultivar. Mean irrigation water productivity (WP_I) was highest for 15 June transplanting (0.66 kg m⁻³) and lowest for 5 July transplanting (0.57 kg m⁻³), and was highest for RH-257 (0.68 kg m⁻³) and lowest for PR-113 (0.50 kg m⁻³). Total water productivity (WP_I+R; irrigation plus rainfall) decreased by 9.1% for 5 July transplanting compared with 15 June transplanting, and was highest for RH-257 (0.49 kg m⁻³) and lowest for PR-113 (0.38 kg m⁻³). Real crop water productivity (WP_ET) of the photoperiod insensitive cultivars decreased (1.10-1.40 kg m⁻³), but that of a photoperiod sensitive cultivar increased (1.63 kg m⁻³), with delayed transplanting. We conclude that substantial amount of water can be saved and yield increased by transplanting short-duration cultivars during the period of peak evaporative demand, or water saved and yield maintained by transplanting a photoperiod-sensitive cultivar late in the season when the evaporative demand is low.  相似文献   

Recombinant origin of the retrovirus XMRV     

Paprotka T  Delviks-Frankenberry KA  Cingöz O  Martinez A  Kung HJ  Tepper CG  Hu WS  Fivash MJ  Coffin JM  Pathak VK 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6038):97-101

The retrovirus XMRV (xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus) has been detected in human prostate tumors and in blood samples from patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, but these findings have not been replicated. We hypothesized that an understanding of when and how XMRV first arose might help explain the discrepant results. We studied human prostate cancer cell lines CWR22Rv1 and CWR-R1, which produce XMRV virtually identical to the viruses recently found in patient samples, as well as their progenitor human prostate tumor xenograft (CWR22) that had been passaged in mice. We detected XMRV infection in the two cell lines and in the later passage xenografts, but not in the early passages. In particular, we found that the host mice contained two proviruses, PreXMRV-1 and PreXMRV-2, which share 99.92% identity with XMRV over >3.2-kilobase stretches of their genomes. We conclude that XMRV was not present in the original CWR22 tumor but was generated by recombination of two proviruses during tumor passaging in mice. The probability that an identical recombinant was generated independently is negligible (~10(-12)); our results suggest that the association of XMRV with human disease is due to contamination of human samples with virus originating from this recombination event.  相似文献   

Alterations of hemogram,serum biochemistry,oxidative/nitrosative balance,and copper/zinc homeostasis in dromedary camels naturally infected with poxvirus     

De  U. K.  Chander  V.  Akhilesh  Mahajan  S.  Sharma  G. K.  Nandi  Sukdeb  Singh  K. P.  Gupta  V. K. 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(6):2997-3003

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Camel pox (CMLP), a contagious viral disease of camels, causes considerable economic loss in terms of milk, meat, wool, and leather production besides...  相似文献   

Influence of some nematicides on the chemical composition of tomato fruits     

K. L. Bajaj  R. Mahajan 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1977,27(3-4):335-338

The influence of five nematicides viz., DBCP, D-D, fensulfothion, carbofuran and aldicarb was investigated on the chemical composition of tomato fruits. Nematicidal treatment had considerable effect on the dry matter, acidity, ascorbic acid, beta-carotene and lycopene content. In general, beta-carotene content decreased whereas acidity and ascorbic acid content increased. D-D and DBCP decreased the dry matter while all other treatments increased it. Lycopene content decreased with all nematicides except aldicarb.

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Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von 5 verschiedenen Nematiziden, DBCP, D-D, Fensulfothion, Carbofuran and Aldicarb, wurde im Hinblick auf die chemische Zusammenzetzung von Tomatenfrüchten untersucht. Behandlung mit Nematiziden hatte eine beträchtliche Wirkung auf Trockensubstanz, Gesamtsäure, Ascorbinsäure, -Carotin und Lycopin. Im allgemeinen nahm der -Carotin-gehalt ab, während Säure- und Ascorbinsäuregehalt zunahmen. D-D und DBCP bewirkten eine Abnahme der Trockensubstanz, während alle anderen Behandlungen sie förderten. Der Lycopingehalt nahm bei allen Nematizid-Behandlungen ab, mit Ausnahme bei Aldicarb-Behandlung.

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