中棉所117的选育及种植技术要点     

石建斌  王宁  周红  许庆华  严根土 《中国棉花》2020,47(1):33-34

介绍了转抗虫基因中熟常规棉新品种中棉所117的选育过程、特征特性、适宜种植区域和种植技术要点。  相似文献   

引进甘蔗种质资源杂交后代适应性评价     

蒋洪涛  崔新迪  赵丽九  许誉芝  陈保善  张木清 《中国糖料》2020,(2):1-6

通过对引进甘蔗种质资源24个杂交后代的的10个农艺性状进行主成分分析、回归分析与通径分析,科学评价引种甘蔗种质资源在广西本地的农艺性状表现,探究各农艺性状间的协同制约关系,为甘蔗种质资源的精准评价和杂交育种材料的科学选配提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)主要农艺性状变异系数为6.79%~29.44%,24个甘蔗种质在分蘖和蔗糖产量上有较大的遗传改良潜力。(2)主成分分析将这10个农艺性状凝聚成4个主成分,分别为产量因子、有效茎因子、糖分因子和出苗因子,贡献率分别是35.2%、16.5%、15.3%、12.1%,累计贡献率达到79.1%;(3)通径分析中各性状对糖产量的直接通径系数大小依次为:蔗茎产量(0.927)>蔗糖分(0.399)>单茎重(0.039)。表明:甘蔗品种(系)GUC23-1、GUC15-2、GUC23、GUC34、GUC25在广西的丰产性最优,在甘蔗引种和选育中,考虑将蔗茎产量、蔗糖分、单茎重作为主要选择性状。  相似文献   

巴西蔗糖产业特点及对我国蔗糖业的借鉴     

徐超华  邓玉龙  刘新龙  吴才文  应雄美 《中国糖料》2020,(2):70-74

通过对巴西蔗糖产业种植、管理、贸易、政策、加工等方面的详细分析可知,巴西是世界上最大的甘蔗生产国和出口国,拥有先进的技术水平和管理经验,其制糖成本低、国际竞争力强。其甘蔗病虫害防控实行:⑴重点培育和推广抗病虫甘蔗良种;⑵通过种苗检疫、脱毒和健康种苗繁育技术严防病虫害的发生与传播;⑶建立病虫害监测预警和防控系统;⑷生物防控技术和化学药剂相结合。其糖厂已实行全网络自动化控制系统,蔗糖生产采用两步法生产精制糖。其蔗糖产业发展特点:重视氮高效品种的选育、甘蔗生产全程机械化率高、采用酒精发酵液定量还田技术、燃料乙醇工业发达、多种糖料蔗供应渠道、加工技术先进生产效率高、甘蔗运输成本较高等特点。我们可从中得到的借鉴为:重视强宿根蔗的选种计划、加速推进甘蔗生产全程机械化进程、建立完善的甘蔗病虫害防控系统、加强蔗糖高值化及副产物综合利用。  相似文献   

Analysis of the water balance and the nitrogen and phosphorus runoff pollution of a paddy field in situ in the Taihu Lake basin     

Xu  Yunqiang  Su  Baolin  Wang  Hongqi  He  Jingyi  Yang  Yaxue 《Paddy and Water Environment》2020,18(2):385-398

Paddy and Water Environment - Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) runoff loads of paddy fields in situ under conventional water and fertilizer management measures caused severe water pollution in the...  相似文献   

Functional Analysis of Phosphate Transporter OsPHT4 Family Members in Rice     

Ruili Li  Jiaoling Wang  Lei Xu  Meihao Sun  Keke Yi  Hongyu Zhao 《水稻科学》2020,27(6):493-503

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Genetic bases of source-,sink-,and yield-related traits revealed by genome-wide association study in Xian rice     

Yun Wang  Yunlong Pang  Kai Chen  Laiyuan Zhai  Congcong Shen  Shu Wang  Jianlong Xu 《作物学报(英文版)》2020,(1):119-131

The source-sink relationship determines the ultimate grain yield.We investigated the genetic basis of the relationship between source and sink and yield potential in rice.In two environments,we identified quantitative trait loci(QTL)associated with sink capacity(total spikelet number per panicle and thousand-grain weight),source leaf(flag leaf length,flag leaf width and flag leaf area),source-sink relationship(total spikelet number to flag leaf area ratio)and yield-related traits(filled grain number per panicle,panicle number per plant,grain yield per plant,biomass per plant,and harvest index)by genome-wide association analysis using 272 Xian(indica)accessions.The panel showed substantial variation for all traits in the two environments and revealed complex phenotypic correlations.A total of 70 QTL influencing the 11 traits were identified using 469,377 high-quality SNP markers.Five QTL were detected consistently in four chromosomal regions in both environments.Five QTL clusters simultaneously affected source,sink,source–sink relationship,and grain yield traits,probably explaining the genetic basis of significant correlations of grain yield with source and sink traits.We selected 24 candidate genes in the four consistent QTL regions by identifying linkage disequilibrium(LD)blocks associated with significant SNPs and performing haplotype analysis.The genes included one cloned gene(NOG1)and three newly identified QTL(qHI6,qTGW7,and qFLA8).These results provide a theoretical basis for high-yield rice breeding by increasing and balancing source–sink relationships using marker-assisted selection.  相似文献   

Panax notoginseng saponins suppress oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced pyroptosis of SH-SY5Y cells     

TANG Biao  TANG Wen-jing  DAI Zi-wei  SHE Xu  DENG Chang-qing 《园艺学报》2020,36(7):1178-1184

AIM To investigate the effect of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on pyroptosis of SH-SY5Y cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). METHODS The OGD/R was conducted to induce ischemia/reperfusion injury in SH-SY5Y cells. The effects of PNS on the viability (detected by CCK-8 assay) and membrane permeability [indicated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and propidium iodide (PI) staining positive cell proportion] of OGD/R-induced SH-SY5Y cells were observed. The protein levels of gasdermin D (GSDMD), GSDMD N-terminal fragment (GSDMD-N), caspase-1 and caspase-4, and the release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 in the cells were also determined. RESULTS After exposure to OGD/R, the viability of SH-SY5Y cells dramatically decreased (P<0.01), while the LDH leakage, the PI staining positive cell proportion, the protein levels of GSDMD, GSDMD-N, caspase-1 and caspase-4, and the release of IL-1β and IL-18 were significantly increased (P<0.01). However, PNS treatment enhanced the viability of SH-SY5Y cells inhibited by OGD/R (P<0.01), but reduced the leakage of LDH and the percentage of PI staining positive cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, PNS reversed the increases in the protein levels of GSDMD, GSDMD-N, caspase-1 and caspase-4 and the release of IL-1β and IL-18 in OGD/R-induced SH-SY5Y cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION Treatment with PNS alleviates OGD/R-induced injury in SH-SY5Y cells. Its mechanism may be related to inhibition of SH-SY5Y cell pyroptosis induced by OGD/R.  相似文献   

mTOR kinase inhibitor CC-223 suppresses human breast cancer cell viability     

GUO Shu-xin  ZHOU Xiao  PAN Xiao-xuan  Xu Hao  HAO Gang-ping  WANG Feng-ze 《园艺学报》2020,36(2):234-238

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of CC-223, an inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase, on the viability of human breast cancer cells and its mechanism. METHODS: The inhibitory effect of CC-223 on the viability of MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay. The cell cycle distribution of breast cancer cells was examined by flow cytometry. The expression of cell cycle-related proteins and oncoproteins c-Myc and survivin was analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: CC-223 significantly inhibited the viability of both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells (P<0.05). CC-223 induced cell cycle arrest in both G₁ phase and G₂/M phase in the MCF-7 cells (P<0.05). However, low concentration of CC-223 treatment resulted in the accumulation of MDA-MB-231 cell cycle in the G₂/M phase, and the cell number in G₁ phase was unaffected. Treatment with CC-223 for 24 h clearly inhibited the protein levels of cyclin B1, cyclin D1 and phosphorylated cell division cycle protein 2 in the breast cancer cells (P<0.05). CC-223 suppressed the expression of c-Myc and survivin in both MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: CC-223 inhibits cell viability by blocking cell cycle progression and down-regulating expression of c-Myc and survivin in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells.  相似文献   

High-throughput screening reveals small molecule modulators inhibitory to Acidovorax citrulli     

Yu Lu  Loïc Deblais  Gireesh Rajashekara  Sally A. Miller  Yorsa A. Helmy  Haijun Zhang  Ping Wu  Yanhong Qiu  Xiulan Xu 《Plant pathology》2020,69(5):818-826

Acidovorax citrulli is a seed-transmitted gram-negative bacterium that can cause substantial economic yield loss in watermelon and melon production worldwide. Four small-molecule libraries containing 4,952 compounds were selected for high-throughput screening against A. citrulli wild-type strain Xu3-14 by evaluation of growth inhibition. One hundred and twenty-seven molecules (2.5% hit rate) were identified as bactericidal or bacteriostatic against A. citrulli at 100 μM. Secondary screens indicated that 27 candidate compounds were more effective against A. citrulli Group II strains than Group I strains (classified using repetitive element PCR). Several compounds were inhibitory to other pathogenic bacteria, including Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, but did not affect the growth of plant beneficial bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis. More than half of the compounds did not inhibit germination of Arabidopsis or watermelon seeds. The effect of small molecules on A. citrulli seed-to-seedling transmission was evaluated by applying each compound to inoculated watermelon seeds and assessing seedling infection. Nine compounds were chosen for further investigation based on their reduction of percentage seedling infection and compiling scores on their specificity, sensitivity, and phytotoxicity obtained in the secondary screens. The five best compounds were selected (thiamphenicol, nadifloxacin, pipemidic acid, ciclopirox, and zinc pyrithione) for greenhouse tests and were found to effectively reduce the seed-to-seedling transmission of A. citrulli in both artificially and naturally infested seeds. These top five compounds provide a basis for future development of an A. citrulli-specific bactericide.  相似文献   

夜蛾黑卵蜂雌雄蜂鉴别方法及雌蜂寄生草地贪夜蛾卵的行为特征     

杨帅 #  张龙喜 #  赵旭  霍梁宵  周金成  董辉 《植物保护》2020,46(1):55-58

夜蛾黑卵蜂Telenomus remus被认为是草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda卵期的高效寄生蜂。明确夜蛾黑卵蜂基本生物学特征将为其繁育及应用提供重要参考。本研究对雌、雄蜂外部形态及雌蜂寄生行为进行了观察。结果显示,1、除雌蜂产卵器和雄蜂外生殖器等第一性征外,夜蛾黑卵蜂雌、雄蜂个体还具备一些典型的第二性征,可通过触角环节数量、触角棒节和柄节形态以及足和触角的颜色进行区分。2、在同一卵块上,雄蜂先于雌蜂羽化,并撕咬寄主卵壳协助雌蜂羽化;雌蜂羽化后雄蜂会立即求偶并与其交配。3、夜蛾黑卵蜂雌蜂通过利用寄主卵表鳞毛空隙、主动清理鳞毛和移动表层卵粒3种行为策略实现对大部分草地贪夜蛾卵的寄生。本研究建立了夜蛾黑卵蜂雌、雄蜂的鉴别方法,并明确了雌蜂应对夜蛾黑卵蜂卵表结构防御的行为策略。  相似文献