Experimental studies of sulfadimethoxine in fowls. II. Its concentration in the blood of hens and chicks administered with the feed     

A Kasahara  T Onodera  Y Oshima 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1967,29(5):227-231

  相似文献   

Early changes of osteochondrosis in medial femoral condyles from rats     

M Kato  T Onodera 《Veterinary pathology》1987,24(1):80-86

Osteochondrosis developed from the early growing process of articular cartilage at the caudal-central region of the medial femoral condyle in rats. Articular cartilage was thick at the region. Mineralization of the matrix in the thick deep zone was incomplete and major parts remained unmineralized. Cavity formation in the mineralized matrix resulting in osteochondrotic lesions was present in the deep zone at 6 weeks of age and was followed by an appearance of viable chondrocytes around it. Osteochondrotic lesions were present from the age of 10 weeks for females and 12 weeks for males. Cavities were expanded and increased in number, and eosinophilic necrotic foci were additionally seen. These changes were extended throughout the deep zone, and viable chondrocytes were also increased in number. The thick deep zone was retained and had no detectable invasions of blood vessels from the subchondral bone. At 20 weeks of age, necrotic areas containing large clefts were present in the basal layer of the thick deep zone and fibrotic lesions were seen beneath them. In normal cases, invasions of blood vessels were seen in the basal layer of the deep zone and also in the cavities of the cartilage; the deep zone was markedly thinned at 20 weeks of age.  相似文献   

Sterol composition in polyene antibiotic-sensitive and resistant strains ofMalassezia pachydermatis     

Y. Uchida  S. Onodera  T. Nakade  K. Otomo 《Veterinary research communications》1994,18(3):183-187

The membrane sterol compositions of ten strains ofMalassezia pachydermatis were analysed by gas-liquid chromatography. Six of these were wild-type strains from clinical sources that were sensitive to polyene antibiotics, whereas the other four strains were resistant mutants that had arisen after treatment withN-methyl-N-nitrosoguanidine or UV radiation.The wild-type strains contained 838.8 to 1291.7 µg of sterol per gram of freeze-dried mycelium. The sterols were composed of 79% ergosterol, 19% fecosterol and 2% lichesterol. The mutant strains contained 277.1 to 348.8 µg/g of sterols composed of 76% ergosterol and 24% fecosterol.Abbreviations MIC minimum inhibitory concentration - UV ultraviolet  相似文献   

Composition of culture medium influences zoosporogenesis and differentiation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aphanomyces cochlioides</Emphasis>     

Md. Tofazzal Islam  Mitsuyoshi Sakasai  Yasuyuki Hashidoko  Abhinandan Deora  Yasuko Sakihama  Satoshi Tahara 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(5):324-329

A modified medium was used to culture mycelium and produce a large quantity of zoospores of Aphanomyces cochlioides, a principal pathogen of damping-off disease of sugar beet and root rot disease of spinach. The semisolid medium consisted of 17 g corn meal agar (CMA) added with 4 g of yeast extract (YE) per liter of 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8–7.0). This medium supported the production of ca. 10⁶ zoospores ml⁻¹ in 6-day-old cultures, approximately 11-fold higher than the commonly used CMA (17 g CMA per liter of water, pH 6.0 ± 0.2). Although morphological characters of the zoospores produced from the hyphae grown on CMA and CMA + YE were almost similar, they contrasted their developmental strategy after encystment induced by mechanical agitation. Cystospores originating from the zoospores on CMA regenerated zoospores (>80%), while those from CMA + YE germinated (ca. 80%) and produced hyphae. Furthermore, 4–10% of the germinated cystospores on CMA + YE had double germ tubes. The soluble protein profiles of zoospores produced on CMA and on CMA + YE demonstrated that several proteins were either different or expressed differently. Our results suggest that the culture medium directly influences zoosporogenesis in A. cochlioides hyphae and the developmental strategy of the produced zoospores.  相似文献   

Histochemical analysis of Bacillus thuringiensis CrylA toxin binding to midgut epithelial cells of Bombyx mori     

Delwar M. Hossain  Yasuyuki Shitomi  Toshiaki Mitsui  Hidetaka Hori 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,87(1):30-38

We analyzed the binding of the Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal toxins, CrylAa, CrylAb and CrylAc, to midgut tissue of the silkworm, Bombyx mori with ligand blot analysis and histochemical observations. CrylAa, CrylAb and CrylAc bound to unique sets of proteins in various subcellular fractions prepared by centrifugation. CrylAa bound to various proteins in all subcellular fractions, whereas CrylAb bound to a single protein of ∼180 kDa in all fractions as shown by Western blot analysis. Cry1Ac bound to proteins which were primarily ∼100-120 kDa in all fractions. CrylA toxins were labeled with fluorescent dye and Cy3-labeled CrylAa, CrylAb and CrylAc were shown to localize primarily to the apical membrane region. However, they also localized to basement or basolateral membranes. The distribution of a 252-kDa membrane protein (P252) of the B. mori midgut, which was recently identified as a plausible candidate for receptor of CrylA toxins were also examined with histochemical methods. Substantial signals of FITC-labeled antibody against P252, even though not all, were evident in the apical cells, and these were coincident with Cy3-CrylAa and Cy3-CrylAc signals.  相似文献   

BSE situation and establishment of Food Safety Commission in Japan     

Takashi Onodera  Chi-Kyeong Kim 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2006,7(1):1-11

Eight major policies were implemented by Japanese Government since Oct. 2001, to deal with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). These are; 1) Surveillance in farm by veterinarian, 2) Prion test at healthy 1.3mi cows/yr, by veterinarian, 3) Elimination of specified risk material (SRM), 4) Ban of MBM for production, sale use, 5) Prion test for fallen stocks, 6) Transparent information and traceability, 7) New Measures such as Food Safety Basic Law, and 8) Establish of Food Safety Commission in the Cabinet Office. At this moment, the extent of SRM risk has only been indicated by several reports employing tests with a limited sensitivity. There is still a possibility that the items in the SRM list will increase in the future, and this indiscriminately applies to Japanese cattle as well. Although current practices of SRM elimination partially guarantee total food safety, additional latent problems and imminent issues remain as potential headaches to be addressed. If the index of SRM elimination cannot guarantee reliable food safety, we have but to resort to total elimination of tissues from high risk-bearing and BSE-infected animals. However, current BSE tests have their limitations and can not yet completely detect high-risk and/or infected animals. Under such circumstances, tissues/wastes and remains of diseased, affected fallen stocks and cohort animals have to be eliminated to prevent BSE invading the human food chain systems. The failure to detect any cohort should never be allowed to occur, and with regular and persistent updating of available stringent records, we are at least adopting the correct and useful approach as a reawakening strategy to securing food safety. In this perspective, traceability based on a National Identification System is required.  相似文献   

The Complete Nucleotide Sequence of Potato virus X Strain OS: The First Complete Sequence of a Japanese Isolate   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Satoshi KAGIWADA  Yasuyuki YAMAJI  Hitomi NAKABAYASHI  Masashi UGAKI  Shigetou NAMBA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(1):94-98

The complete nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of a Japanese isolate of Potato virus X (PVX), strain OS (PVX-OS), was determined. The PVX-OS genome is 6435 nucleotides in length, excluding the 3′ poly(A) sequence, and encodes for five open reading frames (ORFs), similar to other reported PVX strains. Comparisons of the nucleotide sequence of PVX-OS with those of European and South American PVX strains revealed that the PVX-OS genomic sequence showed 95-96% homology with European strains and 77-78% with South American strains. Phylogenetic analysis of PVX-OS and other PVX strains found that PVX-OS clusters with European strains. This is the first report on the complete nucleotide sequence of a PVX strain from Japan. Received 10 May 2001/ Accepted in revised form 26 October 2001  相似文献   

Isolation and Sequence of a Gene, celD Xo Involved in Cellobiose Utilization in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae     

Seiji TSUGE  Mami NISHIDA  Ayako FURUTANI  Yasuyuki KUBO  Osamu HORINO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(3):215-223

A genomic library of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (X. o. pv. oryzae) T7174 was screened for 4-methylumbelliferyl β-D-glucoside-hydrolyzing (MUGase) activity. In subcloning of one of the MUGase-positive clones, an approximately 4.2-kb SacI-SphI fragment conferred not only MUGase activity but also 4-methylumbelliferyl β-D-cellobioside-hydrolyzing (MUCase) activity. Sequence analysis showed that the fragment contained an ORF of 2951 bp. The conceptual ORF product was significantly homologous with 1,4-β-D-glucan glucohydrolase D (CELD) from Pseudomonas fluorescens subsp. cellulosa, and was named CELD_Xo. Cell fractionation experiments suggested that CELD_Xo is localized in the cell-envelope fraction. We constructed a CELD_Xo-deficient mutant (74ΔCELD) from X. o. pv. oryzae. Little MUCase activity was detected in the cell-envelope fraction prepared from the mutant. The mutant 74ΔCELD did not grow in synthetic medium containing cellobiose as the sole sugar source. On the other hand, growth in rice leaves and pathogenicity of the mutant and the parental strain did not differ. These results suggested that CELD_Xo is involved in cellobiose utilization of X. o. pv. oryzae but that the gene is not required for bacterial growth in rice leaves. Received 16 February 2001/ Accepted in revised form 11 April 2001  相似文献   

Muscle fiber types,growth and development in the whole myotome of cultured Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis     

Roy  Bimol Chandra  Ando  Masashi  Nakatani  Masahiro  Okada  Tokihiko  Sawada  Yoshifumi  Itoh  Tomohiro  Tsukamasa  Yasuyuki 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(2):471-483

Following the successful development of Pacific bluefin tuna (PBT) aquaculture, it is of considerable importance to determine the muscle fiber types and their growth patterns for future development. Muscle fiber profiles of dorsal ordinary, lateral ordinary (LO) and dark muscles and their growth patterns in PBT from 3.0 to 54.3 kg body weight were studied. Muscle fibers were histochemically stained for NADH-diaphorase and myosin adenosine triphosphatase activity (mATPase), and immunohistochemically stained with S-58 slow-muscle myosin antibody. All muscle fibers in dorsal and LO muscles showed low NADH-diaphorase activity, and acid-labile (pH 4.0 or 4.3) and alkali-stable mATPase activity. In LO muscle adjacent to dark muscle, three intensities of mATPase activity were observed after acid pre-incubation at pH 4.5 or 5.0, and the activity was related to the muscle fiber diameter. In dark muscle, all small and some large fibers stained intensely for NADH-diaphorase activity, related to their high aerobic metabolism. The high-active fibers with NADH-diaphorase in dark muscle were positive for S-58 antibody. Some large fibers in dark muscle showed intermediate NADH-diaphorase activity and high mATPase activity after alkali pre-incubations. These are fast-twitch oxido-glycolytic fibers in dark muscle and transformed to red muscle fibers with increasing body weight.  相似文献   

农杆菌介导的稻瘟病菌致病突变菌株的筛选   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周惠萍  吴毅歆  辻元人  久保康之  何月秋 《植物病理学报》2009,39(2):160-167

 利用1个致病能力非常弱的稻瘟病菌菌株CY2和农杆菌介导T-DNA方法,已成功地获得了5000多个转化子,并以多个转化子混合接种含25个不同抗病基因的近等基因系,获得了30个致病突变体。但突变体针对不同的无毒基因有很大差别,从含有Pi-ta²的F128-1上获得了14个突变体,从含有Pi-a的IRBL-2上获得了7个突变体,从含有Pik-s的IRBL-4上获得了2个突变体,而从其它抗病基因的品系上未发现任何突变体,故T-DNA似乎有插入热点。不同突变体在携带相同抗病基因的品系上的致病性存在很大差异,表明这些近等基因系可能还携带其它抗稻瘟病基因。CY2不能侵染普遍认为不含抗稻瘟病基因的丽江新团黑谷(LTH),而7个突变体则能成功地使其发病,表明LTH亦含有抗稻瘟病基因。  相似文献