Evaluation of calcium-alginate gel as an artificial diet medium for bioassays on common cutworms     

Morimoto M  Matsuda K  Ohta Y  Ihara T  Komai K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(15):4737-4739

A calcium-alginate gel diet was developed for Spodoptera litura larvae, and its reliability as a carrier for incorporating antifeedants as well as insecticides was investigated. The alginate gel diet was prepared with a simple protocol, which does not involve any heating process. When tested using this diet, acephate, a Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin formulation and rotenone reproducibly showed insecticidal activity against the larvae, while neem oil and scabequinone deterred the larval feeding effectively. However, not only the insecticidal activity of acephate but also the antifeedant activity of neem oil was reduced by replacing the alginate component by agar in the diet, suggesting the usefulness of the alginate gel diet as an assay tool for testing a broad range of samples against the larvae.  相似文献   

Evaluation of auraptene content in citrus fruits and their products     

Ogawa K  Kawasaki A  Yoshida T  Nesumi H  Nakano M  Ikoma Y  Yano M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(5):1763-1769

Auraptene quantities in Tanaka's 77 Citrus species (including 14 varieties and cultivars), 5 Fortunella species, one Poncirus species, 27 hybrids between Citrus species, and 51 intergeneric hybrids between Citrus and Poncirus have been evaluated. The genus Citrus has been divided into eight groups. Auraptene is found in all of the species of Cephalocitrus group, a part of the species of Aurantium group, and most of the species of Osmocitrus group. The Citrus species contain a small amount of auraptene in the juice sacs compared with in the peels except for Henka mikan (C. pseudo-aurantium), Ichang lemon (C. wilsonii), and a Hassaku (C. hassaku)-pummelo hybrid (Okitsu No. 39), which contain large quantities of auraptene in their juice sacs (0.23, 0.52, and 0.14 mg/g, respectively). The Hong Kong wild kumquat (F. hindusii) alone contains auraptene in Fortunella species. All of the Citrus-trifoliate orange (P. trifoliata) hybrids as well as the trifoliate orange contain a large quantity of auraptene in both the peel (16.57-0.51 mg/g) and the juice sac (10.32-0.15 mg/g). These hybrids are almost inedible. The Iyo (C. iyo)-trifoliate orange hybrid (IyP269) is edible and contains auraptene in the peel (1.49 mg/g) and in the juice sac (1.73 mg/g). Citrus fruit products, for example, brand-named grapefruit juice and marmalade, retain about 0. 1 mg and 0.3 mg/100 g of auraptene, respectively.  相似文献   

Relationships between microbial biomass nitrogen, nitrate leaching and nitrogen uptake by corn in a compost and chemical fertilizer-amended regosol   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yoshinori HERAI  Kenji KOUNO  Maho HASHIMOTO  Toshinori NAGAOKA 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2006,52(2):186-194

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Study of thermal aggregation of oat globulin by laser light scattering   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zhao Y  Mine Y  Ma CY 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(10):3089-3096

The heat-induced aggregation of oat globulin was studied using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) combined with on-line multiangle laser light scattering (MALLS) and quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS). The unheated oat globulin exists as a mixture of hexamer (>95%), trimer, and dimer forms of hexamer. The molecular weight of the hexamer was estimated by MALLS to be 330 000, close to that deduced from the genomic cloned data of the acidic and basic polypeptides of oat globulin. From QELS measurements, it can be predicted that the hexamer exists as two annular trimeric rings, with a diameter of 11.8 nm, placed on top of each other, forming an oblate cylinder with a height of about 8.5 nm. Upon heating at 100 degrees C, the oat globulin hexamers and trimers were dissociated into monomers. The heat-denatured monomers, probably assuming an extended structure, were associated to form small aggregates, which were further aggregated to high molecular weight complexes. Upon further heating (60 min), the soluble aggregates were associated to form insoluble aggregates. Aggregation of oat globulin occurred at a much faster rate at 110 degrees C. The results indicate that the SEC-MALLS-QELS system is suitable for studying thermal aggregation of food proteins.  相似文献   

Chicken eggshell matrix proteins enhance calcium transport in the human intestinal epithelial cells, Caco-2   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Daengprok W  Garnjanagoonchorn W  Naivikul O  Pornsinlpatip P  Issigonis K  Mine Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(20):6056-6061

Chicken eggshell powder has been proposed as an attractive source of calcium for human health to increase bone mineral density in an elderly population with osteoporosis. However, factors affecting calcium transport of eggshell calcium have not yet been evaluated. Chicken eggshell contains about 1.0% (w/w) matrix proteins in addition to a major form of calcium carbonate (95%, w/w). In this study, we found that soluble eggshell matrix proteins remarkably enhance calcium transport using in vitro Caco-2 cell monolayers grown on a permeable support. The total calcium transport across Caco-2 monolayers showed an increase of 64% in the presence of 100 microg/well soluble eggshell matrix proteins. The active enhancer with a molecular mass of 21 kDa was isolated by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography and did not correspond to any previously identified protein. The N-terminal sequence was determined to be Met-Ala-Val-Pro-Gln-Thr-Met-Val-Gln. The possible mechanisms of eggshell matrix protein-mediated increase in calcium transport and the potential significance of eggshell calcium as a nutraceutical are discussed.  相似文献   

Identification and quantification of the conjugated metabolites derived from orally administered hesperidin in rat plasma     

Matsumoto H  Ikoma Y  Sugiura M  Yano M  Hasegawa Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(21):6653-6659

Hesperidin is a biologically effective flavonoid. Several studies have reported that dietary hesperidin was converted to conjugated metabolites, such as hesperetin-glucuronides and sulfoglucuronides, during absorption and metabolism. However, the chemical structures of the conjugated metabolites, especially the sites of glucuronidation and sulfoglucuronidation in plasma, were unconfirmed. Therefore, the concentrations of the metabolites conjugated at various sites in plasma could not be individually quantified. In the present study, we identified the chemical structures and concentrations of the major conjugated metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of hesperidin. Two hesperetin-glucuronides were prepared and identified as hesperetin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide and hesperetin-3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide. Using these authentic compounds, the concentrations of hesperetin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide and hesperetin-3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide in rat plasma were individually determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In rat plasma, hesperetin-glucuronides were primarily comprised of hesperetin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide and hesperetin-3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide. The concentration of hesperetin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide was slightly higher than that of hesperetin-3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide. Furthermore, not only hesperetin conjugates but also homoeriodictyol conjugates were observed in rat plasma. The present study is the first report elucidating the chemical structures and changes in individual concentrations in rat plasma of glucuronides derived from orally administered hesperidin.  相似文献   

Rational dosage regimens for cephalothin and cefazolin using pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics analysis in healthy horses     

Taisuke Kuroda  Yohei Minamijima  Hidekazu Niwa  Norihisa Tamura  Hiroshi Mita  Kentaro Fukuda  Masahiro Kaimachi  Yuto Suzuki  Yuki Enoki  Kazuaki Taguchi  Kazuaki Matsumoto  Pierre-Louis Toutain  Alain Bousquet-Melou  Yoshinori Kasashima 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(6):1239-1249

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Population genetic structure and diversity of the East Balkan Swine (Sus scrofa) in Bulgaria,revealed by mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite analyses     

Keita Ishikawa  Radostina Doneva  Evgeniy G. Raichev  Stanislava Peeva  Valentin D. Doichev  Yosuke Amaike  Yoshinori Nishita  Yayoi Kaneko  Ryuichi Masuda 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13630

The East Balkan Swine (EBS) is the only indigenous pig breed in Bulgaria. We analyzed the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region and 21 microsatellite loci for 198 individuals from 11 farms in Bulgaria. Obtained 11 mtDNA haplotypes including three novel ones were grouped to two major clades, European clade E1 (146/198 individuals, 73.7%) and Asian clade A (52/198, 26.3%). The mixture of the two clades may have resulted from historical crossbreeding between the European and Asian pig breeds. Clade A was frequent in southeastern Bulgaria (Burgas Province), but less frequent or absent in northeastern Bulgaria (Varna and Shumen Provinces). The distribution of Europe- and Asia-specific haplotypes relative to EBS farm locations could be attributed to regional differences of breeding systems (e.g., crossbreeding with imported commercial pigs). A microsatellite analysis showed high heterozygosities for all the EBS farms, and negative inbreeding coefficients presumably due to crossing with commercial pigs or wild boars and/or efforts to reduce inbreeding by farmers. Bayesian clustering analyses showed that all farm populations are genetically well distinguishable from one another. Although diversity has been maintained by the efforts of farmers and a breeding association, the effective population size remains small, and conservation efforts should be continued.  相似文献   

The anomalous Hall effect and magnetic monopoles in momentum space     

Fang Z  Nagaosa N  Takahashi KS  Asamitsu A  Mathieu R  Ogasawara T  Yamada H  Kawasaki M  Tokura Y  Terakura K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5642):92-95

Efforts to find the magnetic monopole in real space have been made in cosmic rays and in particle accelerators, but there has not yet been any firm evidence for its existence because of its very heavy mass, approximately 10(16) giga-electron volts. We show that the magnetic monopole can appear in the crystal momentum space of solids in the accessible low-energy region (approximately 0.1 to 1 electron volts) in the context of the anomalous Hall effect. We report experimental results together with first-principles calculations on the ferromagnetic crystal SrRuO3 that provide evidence for the magnetic monopole in the crystal momentum space.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial resistance profiles and phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli isolated from healthy Thoroughbred racehorses in Japan     

Wataru SATO  Eddy SUKMAWINATA  Ryoko UEMURA  Takuya KANDA  Kanichi KUSANO  Yoshinori KAMBAYASHI  Takashi SATO  Yuhiro ISHIKAWA  Ryohei TOYA  Masuo SUEYOSHI 《Journal of Equine Science》2020,31(4):85

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