Polymerase chain reaction detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the chicken mitochondrial D-loop region     

Takashi HARUMI  Akiko SANO  Hiroshi KAGAMI  Takahiro TAGAMI  Yuko MATSUBARA  Mitsuru NAITO 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(6):503-507

The D‐loop region in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was sequenced and compared among six chickens. Eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were observed. For six of the SNP sites, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers that had each base (A, C, G and T) as the penultimate base at the 3′ end (N2 base) and bases specific to both alleles at the 3′ end were produced to type the polymorphisms. Twenty‐one out of 96 primers succeeded in distinguishing the SNP by the presence or absence of PCR product. This method provides an easy way to discriminate SNP in chicken mtDNA.  相似文献   

Characterization of Newcastle disease virus isolated from northern pintail (Anas acuta) in Japan     

Sakai K  Sakabe G  Tani O  Watanabe Y  Jahangir A  Nakamura M  Takehara K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(12):1307-1311

A field isolate of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolated from northern pintail (Anas acuta) in Tohoku district, northeast Japan, was characterized. Phylogenetic analysis of the fusion protein indicated that the isolate belonged to genotype I and was closely related to isolates from the Far East corresponded to the migration route for this bird species. The isolate had the typical avirulent cleavage site of the fusion protein (112)GKQGR*L(117). In addition, pathogenicity tests indicated the isolate to have avirulent characteristics. However, the isolate has been shown to cause fusion cytopathic effects and form plaques on chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) in the absence of trypsin. The present results suggest that the CEF-adapted NDV, which is avirulent, is circulating among waterfowl populations.  相似文献   

Induction of proinflammatory cytokines and caspase-1 by leptin in monocyte/macrophages from holstein cows   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Ahmed M  Shaban Z  Yamaji D  Okamatsu-Ogura Y  Soliman M  Abd Eldaim M  Ishioka K  Makondo K  Saito M  Kimura K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(5):509-514

The proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) containing both monocyte/macrophages and T lymphocytes increased after treatment with T-cell mitogen (concanavalin A: Con A). PBMC treated with either leptin alone or combination of leptin and ConA showed enhanced proliferative activity by 10-40%, compared with those treated with ConA alone. In contrast, isolated T lymphocytes treated with leptin and ConA showed lowered proliferative activity than the ConA-treated alone, indicating that leptin induced production of some cytokines from monocyte/macrophages, that subsequently resulted in enhancement of T lymphocytes proliferation in PBMC. Among the cytokines examined, monocyte/monocytes constitutively expressed interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-12p35, IL-18 mRNA, and faintly expressed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and IL-12p40 mRNA. Leptin treatment augmented the monocyte/macrophages mRNA expression of only TNF-alpha and IL-12p40 to comparable levels of cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, leptin treatment increased monocyte/macrophages production of IL-1beta as well as TNF-alpha, and induced the mRNA expression of caspase-1, which is shown to mediate the conversion of latent pro-IL-1beta and pro-IL-18 to active forms. These results suggest that leptin directly acts on monocyte/macrophages to produce factors that induce T lymphocytes proliferation such as IL-12p35/p40 complex through IL-12p40 induction and IL-1beta/IL-18 production through caspase-1 induction.  相似文献   

Comparison of Effect of Brassinosteroid and Gibberellin Biosynthesis Inhibitors on Growth of Rice Seedlings     

Matusmoto Tadashi  Yamada Kazuhiro  Yoshizawa Yuko  Oh Keimei 《水稻科学》2016,23(1):51

Brassinosteroid(BR) and gibberellin(GA) are two predominant plant hormones that regulate plant cell elongation. Mutants disrupt the biosynthesis of these hormones and display different degrees of dwarf phenotypes in rice. Although the role of each plant hormone in promoting the longitudinal growth of plants has been extensively studied using genetic methods, their relationship is still poorly understood. In this study, we used two specific inhibitors targeting BR and GA biosynthesis to investigate the roles of BR and GA in growth of rice seedlings. Yucaizol, a specific inhibitor of BR biosynthesis, and Trinexapac-ethyl, a commercially available inhibitor of GA biosynthesis, were used. The effect of Yucaizol on rice seedlings indicated that Yucaizol significantly retarded stem elongation. The IC_(50) value was found to be approximately 0.8 μmol/L. Yucaizol also induced small leaf angle phenocopy in rice seedlings, similarly to BR-deficient rice, while Trinexapac-ethyl did not. When Yucaizol combined with Trinexapac-ethyl was applied to the rice plants, the mixture of these two inhibitors retarded stem elongation of rice at lower doses. Our results suggest that the use of a BR biosynthesis inhibitor combined with a GA biosynthesis inhibitor may be useful in the development of new technologies for controlling rice plant height.  相似文献   

Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae) in Japan     

Justice Opare ODOI  Michiyo SUGIYAMA  Yuko KITAMURA  Akiko SUDO  Tsutomu OMATSU  Tetsuo ASAI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(8):1191

Wild birds are recognized as disseminators of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria into the environment. Here, we isolated AMR indicator bacteria from 198 Great Cormorant cloacal swabs collected in Shiga (n=90), Oita (n=52), Gifu (n=29), and Gunma (n=27) Prefectures, Japan, in 2018 and 2019. In total, 198 Aeromonas spp. and 194 Escherichia spp. were isolated, and their antimicrobial susceptibility was examined. Aeromonas spp. were resistant to colistin (8.6%), nalidixic acid (4%), and other antimicrobials (<2%), with 3.0% positivity for mcr-3. Escherichia spp. showed resistance to colistin (3.1%), ampicillin (2.6%), tetracycline (2.1%), and other antimicrobials (<2%). This study shows the presence of AMR bacteria in Great Cormorants, indicating that these birds potentially disseminate AMR bacteria.  相似文献   

Effects of temperature, salinity and their interaction on growth of toxic Ostreopsis sp. 1 and Ostreopsis sp. 6 (Dinophyceae) isolated from Japanese coastal waters     

Yuko Tanimoto  Haruo Yamaguchi  Takamichi Yoshimatsu  Shinya Sato  Masao Adachi 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(2):285-291

Some species belonging to Ostreopsis, a benthic dinoflagellate genus, are known to produce palytoxin analogues. Around the coastal regions of Japan, the toxic Ostreopsis sp. 1 and Ostreopsis sp. 6 which are genetically divergent from other species of Ostreopsis are present from the southern to northern regions and in the southern region, respectively. The present study examined the growth responses of these strains to seven temperatures (15–35 °C) in combination with five salinities (20–40) and discusses the effects of temperature and salinity on their distribution and bloom dynamics in Japan. Tolerable temperatures and salinities ranged 15–30 °C and 25–40 for Ostreopsis sp. 1, and 17.5–30 °C and 20–40 for Ostreopsis sp. 6. The optimal temperature ranges which gave growth rates of >90 % of maximal growth rate of each strain were 22–25 °C for Ostreopsis sp. 1 and 24–30 °C for Ostreopsis sp. 6. Therefore, Ostreopsis sp. 1 is putatively tolerant to lower temperatures and thus possesses adaptability to colder waters of relatively higher latitude regions of Japan, whereas Ostreopsis sp. 6 presumably possesses adaptability to warmer waters of the southern region. We conclude that growth responses of Japanese toxic Ostreopsis sp. 1 and Ostreopsis sp. 6 to temperature-salinity affect their distribution and bloom dynamics in Japan.  相似文献   

Effects of retinoic acid and hydrogen peroxide on sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1a activation during adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells     

Abd Eldaim MA  Okamatsu-Ogura Y  Terao A  Kimura K 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2010,58(3-4):149-154

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Assessment of decay risk of airborne wood-decay fungi     

Ikuo Momohara  Yuko Ota  Takeshi Nishimura 《Journal of Wood Science》2010,56(3):250-255

The decay risk of airborne wood-decay fungi was investigated by using an air sampler. Japanese cedar disks 7.8 cm in diameter and about 3 mm in thickness with moisture content of about 100% were placed in a “BIOSAMP” air sampler and exposed to 1000 l air. Air sampling was carried out from June to September at the same sampling site in Tsukuba, Japan. The exposed disks were then incubated for 16 weeks in a damp container kept at 26° ± 2°C. During the incubation period, wood mass loss ranged from −15 to 807 mg with a mean mass loss of 244 mg. Factors affecting mass loss were explored. Wood moisture content and ratio of heartwood area proved to be significant factors. In addition, six weather factors were found to influence mass loss. Disks that were sampled on a cloudy day showed significantly higher mean mass loss compared to those sampled on a sunny day. Subculturing of filamentous fungi from 16-week incubated disks suggested one-third of the isolated fungi produced ligninolytic enzymes.  相似文献   

Comparison of the surface coat proteins of the pine wood nematode appeared during host pine infection and in vitro culture by a proteomic approach   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shinya R  Morisaka H  Takeuchi Y  Ueda M  Futai K 《Phytopathology》2010,100(12):1289-1297

Pine wilt disease, caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, has become of worldwide quarantine concern in recent years. Here, we disclosed the surface coat (SC) proteins of the PWN which are thought to be one of the key components in pine wilt development. This is the first report that focused on the SC proteins and thoroughly identified those proteins of a plant-parasitic nematode using the proteomic approach. In this study, SC protein profiles were compared for PWNs grown on the fungus Botrytis cinerea and in host pine seedlings. The results demonstrated that the gross amount of PWN SC proteins drastically increased during infection of the host pine. Thirty-seven protein bands showed significant quantity differences between fungus-grown and host-origin PWNs, and were used for identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry analysis. These included several proteins that are presumed to be involved in the host immune response; for example, regulators of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a ROS scavenger. These results might suggest that the PWN SC proteins are crucial in modulating or evading host immune response. Our data provide a new insight into the mechanism of pine wilt disease and the biological role of the SC proteins of plant-parasitic nematodes.  相似文献   

Effect of feeding sweet‐potato condensed distillers solubles on intake and urinary excretion of minerals in Japanese Black steers          下载免费PDF全文

Yuko Kamiya  Misturu Kamiya  Ikuo Hattori  Yoshiro Hayashi  Masayuki Funaba  Tohru Matsui 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(1):79-85

Four Japanese Black steers (16 months of age) were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square design to investigate the effect of graded levels of sweet‐potato condensed distillers solubles (SCDS) in their diets on intake and urinary excretion of minerals. The four diets consisted of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% (dry matter (DM) basis) SCDS, with SCDS replacing commercial concentrate (CC). Intake of K, Cl, S, P and Mg increased linearly with increasing SCDS content. Urinary pH increased linearly with increasing dietary SCDS content. SCDS feeding increased urinary K concentrations (linear and quadratic effects). Urinary concentrations of Cl increased linearly with increasing SCDS content. In contrast, urinary concentrations of Mg decreased with increasing SCDS content. Feeding of SCDS did not apparently affect urinary NH₃,P, Na or Ca concentrations. These results suggest that high SCDS feeding is not a risk for crystallization of minerals leading to the formation of magnesium‐phosphate type calculi: although SCDS contains large amounts of P and Mg, high SCDS feeding decreased the Mg concentration and did not affect the P concentration in urine. Additionally, high SCDS feeding had no apparent effects on plasma concentrations of Na, K, Cl, Ca or inorganic P.  相似文献