Antioxidant activity of black currant anthocyanin aglycons and their glycosides measured by chemiluminescence in a neutral pH region and in human plasma     

Matsumoto H  Nakamura Y  Hirayama M  Yoshiki Y  Okubo K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(18):5034-5037

The antioxidant activity of nine anthocyanin glycosides was measured in a neutral pH region using a chemiluminescence (CL) emission system in the presence of an H(2)O(2)-acetaldehyde system, and the intensities were found to be affected by three factors, pH value and both moieties of the aglycon and C-3 sugar. With an increase in pH from 4.0 to 9.0, the CL intensities increased from pH 5.0, reached their maxima at pH 6.0-7.0, and decreased at pH 9.0. Comparison of the intensities among the 3-glucosides with five different aglycons and the 3-glycosides with three different sugar moieties at C-3 showed that their strongest intensities were given by the delphinidin aglycon and 3-rutinosyl moiety, respectively. Monitoring of the CL intensity of human blood plasma for 8 h after oral administration of black currant anthocyanins (BCA) showed a rapid increase until 2 h, and a significant difference (P < 0.05) was recognized at 1-8 h.  相似文献   

Parguerol and Isoparguerol Isolated from the Sea Hare,Aplysia kurodai,Induce Neurite Outgrowth in PC-12 Cells     

Sachiko Tsukamoto  Yuko Yamashita  Takushi Yoshida  Tomihisa Ohta 《Marine drugs》2004,2(4):170-175

The extract of the sea hare, Aplysia kurodai, showed neurotrophic activity toward rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells. Bioassay-guided purification afforded two active compounds, which were subsequently identified to be parguerol and isoparguerol by spectroscopic analysis. It was found that both parguerol and isoparguerol induced neurite outgrowth in PC-12 cells at concentrations of 25 and 50 μM, respectively.  相似文献   

Seasonal changes of nitrate concentrations in baseflow headwaters of coniferous forests in Japan: A significant indicator for N saturation     

Zhao Zhang  Takehiko Fukushima  Peijun Shi  Fulu Tao  Yuichi Onda  Takashi Gomi  Shigeru Mizugaki  Yuko Asano  Ken'ichirou Kosugi  Shinya Hiramatsu  Hikaru Kitahara  Koichiro Kuraji  Tomomi Terajima  Kazuo Matsushige 《CATENA》2008

Understanding the seasonal and regional patterns of nitrogen (N) components in the headwaters of forested watersheds is important for forests management. Here, we investigated the NO₃-N concentration and its seasonal variations in the baseflow headwaters in Japanese coniferous forests with different N saturation status in five regions (i.e., Nagano, Tokyo, Aichi, Kochi and Mie). We found that the ratios of NO₃-N to DON were significantly higher in the N-saturated regions including Nagano (14.1 ± 2.2) and Tokyo (16.5 ± 4.1), compared with the regions, which didn't experience N saturation including Aichi (1.4 ± 0.2), Kochi (5.1 ± 1.8), and Mie (2.2 ± 0.5). In comparison with the regions without experiencing N saturation, the relatively higher NO₃-N concentration, as well as its contrastive variation between growing season and dormant season, was also characteristic of the seasonal NO₃-N concentration in the N-saturated regions. Our findings have indicated that NO₃-N concentration, its seasonal variations, and the ratio of NO₃-N to DON, are the better and applicable indicators for evaluating N saturation status in Japanese coniferous forests.  相似文献   

Epilepsy-related ligand/receptor complex LGI1 and ADAM22 regulate synaptic transmission     

Fukata Y  Adesnik H  Iwanaga T  Bredt DS  Nicoll RA  Fukata M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5794):1792-1795

Abnormally synchronized synaptic transmission in the brain causes epilepsy. Most inherited forms of epilepsy result from mutations in ion channels. However, one form of epilepsy, autosomal dominant partial epilepsy with auditory features (ADPEAF), is characterized by mutations in a secreted neuronal protein, LGI1. We show that ADAM22, a transmembrane protein that when mutated itself causes seizure, serves as a receptor for LGI1. LGI1 enhances AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices. The mutated form of LGI1 fails to bind to ADAM22. ADAM22 is anchored to the postsynaptic density by cytoskeletal scaffolds containing stargazin. These studies in rat brain indicate possible avenues for understanding human epilepsy.  相似文献   

Generation of recombinant bovine interferon tau in the human embryonic kidney cell line and its biological activity          下载免费PDF全文

Toru Takahashi  Ryosuke Sakumoto  Ken‐Go Hayashi  Misa Hosoe  Junsuke Shirai  Kazuyoshi Hashizume 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(10):1498-1505

The objective of this study was to generate recombinant bovine interferon tau (rbIFNT) in mammalian hosts. The complementary DNA encoding bovine IFNT2 was cloned for the construction of pRcRSV‐bIFNT2 expression vector. The expression vector was transfected to 293 cells. Transfected cells harboring expression vector were selected with G418. Highly expressing clonal line was adapted to serum‐free suspension culture in a spinner flask. The recombinant protein had 24 kDa apparent molecular mass, suggesting being expressed as a glycoprotein, and was purified from serum‐free conditioned medium by the combination of Diethylaminoethanol Sepharose ion exchange and Sephacryl S‐200 HR gel filtration. A total of 7.3 mg rbIFNT was obtained from 13.5 L conditioned medium. Generated rbIFNT was biologically active in terms of antiviral activity measured by the plaque inhibition assay with Madin‐Darby bovine kidney cells and the vesicular stomatitis virus. The recombinant protein was also utilized for immunization to raise antibodies in the rabbit. The generated antibody was capable of use in both Western blotting and the binding assay. The results in the present study suggest that a certain amount of rbIFNT is raised in mammalian hosts by using conventional plasmid vector and its antibody provides useful tools for studies in the biology of bovine IFNT.  相似文献   

Relationship between crack propagation and the stress intensity factor in cutting parallel to the grain of hinoki (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Chamaecyparis obtusa</Emphasis>)     

Masumi Minagawa  Yosuke Matsuda  Yuko Fujiwara  Yoshihisa Fujii 《Journal of Wood Science》2018,64(6):758-766

The method of digital image correlation (DIC) was applied to the digital image of orthogonal cutting parallel to the grain of hinoki, and the strain distribution near the cutting edge was evaluated. The wood fracture associated with chip generation was considered as mode I fracture, and the stress intensity factor K_I for fracture mode I was calculated from the strain distribution according to the theory of linear elastic fracture mechanics for the anisotropic material. The calculated K_I increased prior to crack propagation and decreased just after the crack propagation. The change in K_I before and after crack propagation, ΔK_I, decreased in accordance with the crack propagation length, although the variance in ΔK_I should depend on the relationships between the resolution of DIC method and the dimensions of cellular structure. The calculated K_I in this study was almost on the same order as reported in the literatures. It was also revealed, for the case of chip generation Type 0 or I, the stress intensity factor for fracture mode II could be negligible due to the higher longitudinal elastic properties of wood in the tool feed direction than the one radial ones, and the mode I fracture was dominant.  相似文献   

Wood structure of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Populus alba</Emphasis> formed in a shortened annual cycle system     

Kei’ichi Baba  Yuko Kurita  Tetsuro Mimura 《Journal of Wood Science》2018,64(1):1-5

Wood formation of trees that grow along the seasons has an annual rhythm. Due to this rhythm, physiological research on the mechanism of wood formation has been difficult to conduct in a typical experimental room. In the present study, we observed the wood tissue formation in a shortened annual cycle system, which was developed for poplar trees grown in a growth chamber with dormant and non-dormant cycles. Poplar trees were grown in this system by repeating the cycle three times. The resulting wood tissue consisted of three growth rings and very similar structures were observed around the ring boundary of the wood in a field-grown stem. This result suggests that the shortened annual cycle system can be adopted as a model for physiological, cell biological and molecular research of wood and annual ring formation.  相似文献   

Expression of podoplanin in various types of feline tumor tissues     

Satoshi KAMOTO  Masahiro SHINADA  Daiki KATO  Masaya TSUBOI  Sho YOSHIMOTO  Ryohei YOSHITAKE  Shotaro ETO  Namiko IKEDA  Yosuke TAKAHASHI  Yuko HASHIMOTO  James CHAMBERS  Kazuyuki UCHIDA  Shinji YAMADA  Mika K. KANEKO  Ryohei NISHIMURA  Yukinari KATO  Takayuki NAKAGAWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(11):1795

Podoplanin is expressed in various human tumors where it promotes tumor progression, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and distant metastasis. Podoplanin is also expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and induces tumor malignancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate podoplanin expression in various types of feline tumor tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that podoplanin was expressed in cells of 13/15 (87%) squamous cell carcinomas and 5/19 (26%) fibrosarcomas. Moreover, cancer-associated fibroblasts expressed podoplanin in most tumor types, including 18/21 (86%) mammary adenocarcinoma tissues. Our findings demonstrate that various types of feline tumor tissues expressed podoplanin, indicating the importance of the comparative aspects of podoplanin expression, which may be used as a novel research model for podoplanin biology.  相似文献   

Seroprevalence of antibodies against severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in household dogs in Japan     

Genta ITO  Yuko GOTO-KOSHINO  Yudai KURODA  Park EUNSIL  Ken MAEDA  Takehisa SOMA  Yasuyuki MOMOI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(11):1722

We investigated the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among dogs in the Tokyo area via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the spike protein as the target antigen. Plasma samples from 494 household dogs and blood-donor dogs were tested from July 2020 to January 2021. Of these samples, three showed optical densities that were higher than the mean plus two standard deviations of the mean of the negative-control optical densities (ODs). Of these three samples, only the sample with the highest OD by ELISA was confirmed positive by virus neutralization testing. The positive dog presented no SARS-CoV-2-related symptoms. The positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections among dogs in the Tokyo area was approximately 0.2%.  相似文献   

Evaluation from otolith Sr stable isotope ratios of possible juvenile growth areas of Japanese eels collected from the West Mariana Ridge spawning area     

Otake  Tsuguo  Amano  Yosuke  Shirai  Kotaro  Mochioka  Noritaka  Takahashi  Toshiro  Chow  Seinen  Kurogi  Hiroaki  Dou  Shouzeng  Yamaguchi  Asuka  Tsukamoto  Katsumi 《Fisheries Science》2019,85(3):483-493

Fisheries Science - The widely distributed East Asian Japanese eel Anguilla japonica constitutes a single genetically homogeneous population with a single spawning area near the West Mariana Ridge....  相似文献