The analysis of agricultural distribution systems     

Gordon R. Foxall 《Agricultural Systems》1980,5(2):105-117

The application of systems analysis to the study of agricultural distribution has far-reaching implications for marketing investigations and for managerial decision-making. Concepts developed in the emerging discipline of Physical Distribution Management are applicable to agricultural distribution, an area which has not hitherto been the subject of a systems approach which incorporates such concepts as ‘total distribution analysis’, ‘socio-technical systems’ and ‘synergy’. This paper demonstrates the scope for taking a systems analysis view of agricultural distribution and illustrates three of its aspects—namely, the marketing of farm inputs, the distribution of farm produce and machinery management on the farm.  相似文献   

Milk progesterone assay: a comparison of inter-quarter and sampling time variation     

W J McCaughey  F J Gordon 《The British veterinary journal》1979,135(6):512-518

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SYSTEMIC MYCOSES     

H. McL. Gordon 《Australian veterinary journal》1970,46(1):21-21

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STUDIES OF ANTHELMINTICS FOR SHEEP: THIABENDAZOLE     

H. McL.  Gordon B.V.Sc.   《Australian veterinary journal》1964,40(1):9-18

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KEEPING TAG ON DISEASE     

H. McL. Gordon 《Australian veterinary journal》1977,53(4):172-173

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The basophil response in blood and bone marrow of tick-infested guinea pigs.          下载免费PDF全文

J R Gordon  J R Allen 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1979,43(4):380-383

The concentrations of basophils in blood and bone marrow were monitored in guinea pigs subjected to primary and secondary infestations with larvae of Dermacentor andersoni. In these guinea pigs a significant increase of basophils was evident in peripheral blood. The response following the secondary infestation was more rapid and more intense than that following the primary infestation. Similar changes were also shown to occur in bone marrow. The possible significance of these responses in relation to acquired tick resistance in guinea pigs is discussed.  相似文献   

Residual fumigant effect of 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB) in fumigations against queensland fruit fly,Dacus tryoni (froggatt), infestations in mangoes     

Gordon Swaine  Robert J. Corcoran  Marguerite A. Davey 《Pest management science》1976,7(5):465-470

A residual fumigant effect is demonstrated for fruit held 1 to 3 days within its cardboard carton after fumigation with 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB). This residual fumigant effect reduces significantly the dosage required for a specified level of control when compared with that required for fruit removed from the carton immediately after airing when fumigation is completed. The effect is due to the slow release of gas sorbed during fumigation and to the slow dispersion of this gas from the carton.  相似文献   

Effects of endogenous flour lipids on the quality of semisweet biscuits     

Papantoniou E  Hammond EW  Tsiami AA  Scriven F  Gordon MH  Schofield JD 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(4):1057-1063

Fractionation and reconstitution techniques were used to study the contribution of endogenous flour lipids to the quality of semisweet (Rich Tea-type) biscuits. Biscuit flour was defatted with chloroform and baked with bakery fat but without endogenous lipid addition. Semisweet biscuits baked from defatted flour were flatter, denser, and harder and showed collapse of gas cells during baking when compared with control biscuits. Defatted flour semisweet doughs exhibited a different rheological behavior from the control samples showing higher storage and loss moduli (G' and G' ' values), that is, high viscoelasticity. Functionality was restored when total nonstarch flour lipids were added back to defatted flour. Both the polar and nonpolar lipid fractions had positive effects in restoring flour quality, but the polar lipid fraction was of greatest benefit. Both fractions were needed for complete restoration of both biscuit quality and dough rheological characteristics.  相似文献   

Effect of Germination Initiation on Competitive Capacity of Trichoderma atroviride P1 Conidia     

Hjeljord LG  Tronsmo A 《Phytopathology》2003,93(12):1593-1598

ABSTRACT Trichoderma biocontrol isolates are most effective as highly concentrated inocula. Their antagonism to other fungi may be a result of pregermination respiration. In a nutrient-rich medium, almost all Trichoderma atroviride P1 (P1) conidia initiated germination processes and increased respiration, even in dense suspensions. When 1 x 10(7) P1 conidia/ml were coinoculated with 1 x 10(5) Botrytis cinerea conidia/ml, dissolved oxygen fell to <1% within 2 h and the pathogen failed to germinate. More dilute P1 suspensions consumed oxygen slowly enough to allow coinoculated B. cinerea to germinate. On nutrient-poor media, fewer P1 conidia initiated germination. Oxygen consumption by the inoculum and inhibition of B. cinerea were enhanced when P1 conidia were nutrient activated before inoculation. Pregermination respiration also affected competitive capacity of the antagonist on solid substrates, where respiratory CO(2) stimulated germination rate and initial colony growth. These parameters were directly correlated with inoculum concentration (R(2) >/= 0.97, P < 0.01). After initiating germination, Trichoderma conidia became more sensitive to desiccation and were killed by drying after only 2 h of incubation on a nutrient-rich substrate at 23 degrees C. These results indicate that nutrient-induced changes preceding germination in Trichoderma conidia can either enhance or decrease their biological control potential, depending on environmental conditions in the microhabitat.  相似文献   

In vitro anion transport alterations and apoptosis induced by phenylbutazone in the right dorsal colon of ponies     

Richter RA  Freeman DE  Wallig M  Whittem T  Baker GJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(7):934-941

OBJECTIVES: To study the functional and structural responses of the right dorsal colon (RDC) of ponies to phenylbutazone (PBZ) in vitro at a concentration that could be achieved in vivo. ANIMALS: 8 adult ponies. PROCEDURE: Short circuit current and conductance were measured in mucosa from the RDC. Tissues incubated with and without HCO3- were exposed to PBZ, bumetanide, or indomethacin. Bidirectional Cl- fluxes were determined. After a baseline flux period, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was added to the serosal surfaces and a second flux period followed. Light and transmission electron microscopy were performed. RESULTS: Baseline short circuit current was diminished significantly by PBZ and indomethacin, and increased significantly after addictions of PGE2. After PGE2 was added, Cl- secretion increased significantly in tissues in HCO3- -free solutions and solutions with anti-inflammatory drugs, compared with corresponding baseline measurements and with control tissues exposed to PGE2. Bumetanide did not affect baseline short circuit current and Cl- fluxes. The predominant histologic change was apoptosis of surface epithelial cells treated with PBZ and to a lesser extent in those treated with indomethacin. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Prostaglandin-induced Cl- secretion appeared to involve a transporter that might also secrete HCO3-. Both PBZ and indomethacin altered ion transport in RDC and caused apoptosis; PBZ can damage mucosa through a mechanism that could be important in vivo. The clinically harmful effect of PBZ on equine RDC in vivo could be mediated through its effects on Cl- and HCO3- secretion.  相似文献