Evaluation of spray programs containing famoxadone plus cymoxanil, acibenzolar-S-methyl, and Bacillus subtilis compared to copper sprays for management of bacterial spot on tomato     

P.D. Roberts  M.T. Momol  L. Ritchie  S.M. Olson  J.B. Jones  B. Balogh 《Crop Protection》2008,27(12):1519-1526

Bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas euvesicatoria Jones et al. and Xanthomonas perforans Jones et al. is a major disease on fresh market commercial tomato in Florida. Fourteen field trials were conducted between 1999 and 2005 (10 in south Florida and four in north Florida) testing famoxadone plus cymoxanil (Tanos 50DF^®, E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, DE), Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713 (B. subtilis) (Serenade WPO^® or Serenade Max^®, AgraQuest, Inc., Davis, CA), and acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) (Actigard 50WG^®, Syngenta Crop Protection, Greensboro, NC) at different rates and in various application programs that were combined and rotated with copper hydroxide and mancozeb for management of bacterial spot. In field applied spray treatments containing famoxadone as a component, all of the programs significantly reduced bacterial spot severity on plants compared to the untreated control plants (UTC) and 97% of the programs were equal for disease suppression conferred by the copper-mancozeb standard. In spray programs containing ASM or B. subtilis plus copper hydroxide, treated plants had significantly reduced disease compared to the UTC plants and were not different from the plants treated with the copper-mancozeb standard. Yield data from small plots was unaffected. Several of the programs which used these compounds in rotation with copper-mancozeb provided similar levels of reduction in the disease severity for bacterial spot while reducing by 50% the amount of copper applied to plants. The effect of famoxadone plus cymoxanil on the survival of Xanthomonas in vitro did not cause a significant reduction in the bacterial population and was not determined to be directly bactericidal. However, greenhouse and field testing supports disease reduction of bacterial spot on plants treated with these compounds. The products tested in these trials may be useful, alternative tools for use in an integrated management program for bacterial spot on tomato.  相似文献   

Therapeutic efficacy of zeta-cypermethrin pour-on for the treatment of biting and sucking lice in cattle under field conditions     

JT ROTHWELL  KC HACKET  I RIDLEY  L MITCHELL  C DONALDSON  LB LOWE 《Australian veterinary journal》1999,77(4):255-258

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of zeta-cypermethrin pour-on to control cattle lice. DESIGN: Five field trials in south-eastern Australia. PROCEDURE: Zeta-cypermethrin pour-on, deltamethrin pour-on and pour-on vehicle were applied to groups of 10 cattle. Lice were counted before treatment and 14, 28, 42 and 56 days after treatment. RESULTS: Zeta-cypermethrin pour-on given at 2.5 mg/kg was equivalent to, or marginally more effective than a deltamethrin pour-on at 0.75 mg/kg. It eliminated B bovis and H eurysternus and gave good control of L vituli and S capillatus. Zeta-cypermethrin at 1 mg/kg gave good control of B bovis and H eurysternus but was not satisfactory against L vituli and S capillatus. CONCLUSION: Zeta-cypermethrin pour-on, given at 2.5 mg/kg, is an effective treatment for cattle lice control. Zeta-cypermethrin, and other synthetic pyrethroid pour-ons, are the treatment of choice to control B bovis.  相似文献   

Reviewing a review     

JT FARAGHER 《Australian veterinary journal》1999,77(10):656-656

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Rabies Symposium—IV. The Veterinary Profession and Rabies Control in Great Britain     

Sir John Ritchie 《The Journal of small animal practice》1964,5(5):433-441

Abstract— A review is presented of the legislative measures introduced to control rabies in animals in the U.K. The range of susceptible animals together with symptoms is discussed. The world distribution and control, treatment and prevention measures are outlined with particular mention of the position in Great Britain.
Résumé— –L'auteur résume les mesures législatives introduites pour le contrôle de la rage chez les animaux dans le Royaume-Uni et agite la question des races prédisposées. II donne un aperçu de la distribution mondiale et des mesures de contrôle, de traitement et de prévention de la rage, avec référence particulière à la situation en Grande-Bretagne.
Zusammenfassung— Es wird ein Überblick über die gesetzlichen Massnahmen, die zur Bekämp-fung von Tollwut bei Tieren in Grossbritannien eingeführt worden sind, gegeben. Die krankheits-empfänglichen Tiere werden aufgezahlt und besprochen und die Symptome erörtert. Ausserdem werden die Verbreitung und Bekämpfung der Krankheit in der Welt, sowie Behandlungs- und Verhütungsmassnahmen beschrieben, wobei besonders auf die Situation in Grossbritannien hinge-wiesen wird.  相似文献   

Ovine abortion associated with an anaerobic bacterium   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

C A Kirkbride  C E Gates  J E Collins  A E Ritchie 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1985,186(8):789-791

An anaerobic, slightly curved, tapered, corrugated, rod-shaped bacterium with O to greater than 12 flagella at each pole was isolated from 2 aborted lambs with focal hepatic necrosis. The organism stained faintly Gram-negative, but stained better by the Giemsa method. It was pleomorphic in culture, ranging from filaments containing granules to faintly staining spheroids.  相似文献   

Cat scratch disease     

KL Hughes  JT Faragher 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(8):266-266

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A novel DNA virus associated with feather inclusions in psittacine beak and feather disease     

K S Latimer  P M Rakich  W L Steffens  I M Kircher  B W Ritchie  F D Niagro  P D Lukert 《Veterinary pathology》1991,28(4):300-304

The nature of feather inclusions was characterized in 32 psittacine birds (30 cockatoos, one peach-faced lovebird (Agapornis roseicollis), and one red-lored Amazon parrot (Amazona autumnalis autumnalis] with naturally-acquired psittacine beak and feather disease. Intranuclear inclusions within feather epithelial cells and intracytoplasmic inclusions within macrophages in the feather epithelium and pulp cavity contained psittacine beak and feather disease viral antigen when stained by the avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase technique. Ultrastructurally, inclusions were observed primarily within macrophages and to a lesser extent within epithelial cell nuclei. Macrophage inclusions appeared as paracrystalline arrays of viral particles. Intranuclear inclusions were less well defined, although scattered viral particles were present. Intracytoplasmic and intranuclear particles in ultrastructural preparations were identified by colloidal gold labeling as psittacine beak and feather disease virus. Feather epithelium was more frequently and severely involved in the disease process than was adjacent follicular epithelium. Plucked feathers with an intact epidermal collar and feather epithelium were preferred to follicular biopsies for histopathologic examination.  相似文献   

Streptococcus dysgalactiae infection in calves     

DP RYAN  JT ROTHWELL  MAZ HORNITZKY 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(6):210-210

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Fabrication of conducting polymer interconnects     

Curtis CL  Ritchie JE  Sailor MJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1993,262(5142):2014-2016

A nonmechanical approach to the construction of complex three-dimensional interconnect arrays has been developed with the use of conducting polymer dendrites. Electrically independent connections between pairs of wires in an array were successfully grown through alternating-current electrochemical polymerization of poly(3-methylthiophene), without mechanical or optical masking steps. The electrically active links were insulated by subsequent electropolymerization of 4-vinylpyridine or 2-methylthiophene or by the dip-coating of the connections in a polystyrene solution.  相似文献   

Computer science funding     

Gries D  Miller R  Ritchie R  Young P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,230(4722):120

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