Effect of birthweight, total protein, serum IgG and packed cell volume on risk of neonatal diarrhea in calves on two California dairies.   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

J Paré  M C Thurmond  I A Gardner    J P Picanso 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1993,57(4):241-246

The objective of the study was to determine if there was a relationship between hematological, immunological and physiological variables of newborn calves and risk of diarrhea during the neonatal period. Four hundred and seventeen heifer calves from two dairies (A and B) in the San Joaquin Valley of California were enrolled at birth and scored daily, to 28 days of age, for evidence and severity of diarrhea (0 to 3). Calves were weighted at birth and blood sampled at two to five days of age to determine packed cell volume (PCV), total protein (TP) and IgG serum concentration. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine if age at onset of the first diarrhea episode and length of the first episode were associated with the hypothesized variables (PCV, TP, IgG and birthweight). The IgG concentration was not associated with the age at onset of diarrhea (p = 0.6052, Dairy A; p = 0.4393, Dairy B) but a high IgG concentration was associated with a decreased length of episode (p = 0.0325, Dairy A; p = 0.0912, Dairy B), particularly for calves born in the winter on dairy A (p = 0.0211). For calves born in the winter, those with either a high or a low birthweight had diarrhea at a younger age (p = 0.0102, Dairy A; p = 0.0020, Dairy B). Associations were also found for PCV and TP with both the age at onset and length of the first episode of diarrhea. Results suggest that parameters measurable at, or shortly after birth may have important prognostic value in evaluating risk of calf diarrhea.  相似文献   

日粮锌、硒水平对肉鸡肠道黏膜屏障结构的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王子旭  佘锐萍  陈越  陈耀星  刘欣  马卫明 《动物医学进展》2003,24(4):99-102

为了探讨微量元素锌和硒相互作用对肉鸡肠道黏膜屏障结构的影响，将24只1日龄AA肉鸡随机分3组，分别饲喂添加有高锌高硒(锌1000mg／kg、硒5mg／kg)、低锌低硒(锌34mg／kg、硒0．08mg／kg)或常锌常硒(锌50mg／kg、硒0．15mg／kg)的日粮45d后，观察肠黏膜上皮细胞、上皮内淋巴细胞和盲肠扁桃体的形态结构变化。结果表明：高锌高硒或低锌低硒组肉鸡的肠黏膜结构有明显的损伤，表现为肠黏膜上皮细胞萎缩，绒毛长度下降，上皮内淋巴细胞数量减少；盲肠扁桃体的弥散淋巴组织和淋巴小结中，淋巴细胞数量减少，细胞出现肿胀，有的核消失，结缔组织增生，淋巴小结萎缩。尤其是高锌高硒组的损伤最为严重。而常锌常硒组肉鸡肠黏膜和盲肠扁桃体的形态结构正常。结论：日粮中按锌50mg／kg、硒0．15mg／kg的比例添加，对于维持肠道黏膜的正常屏障结构是合适的。过高或过低的锌和硒对小肠黏膜有毒性作用，破坏其屏障功能；而且高锌和高硒可相互促进以增强其毒性作用。  相似文献   

哺乳动物体细胞克隆研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

马勇江  曹斌云 《中国牛业科学》2001,27(2):39-41

哺乳动物体细胞克隆技术是近年来才发展起来的技术，但体细胞克隆绵羊－多利的诞生却引起了世界轰动，充分显示了其重在的科学研究价值和潜在的应用价值。本文对哺乳动物体细胞克隆技术研究现状，理论基础研究，应用等方面作一综述。  相似文献   

棉花枯、黄萎病菌营养亲和性研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邹亚飞  简桂良  马存 《棉花学报》2004,16(3):183-188

介绍了棉花枯、黄萎病菌营养亲和性研究方法和营养体亲和群研究,并着重总结了利用营养亲和群结合DNA多态性技术,研究尖孢镰刀菌(FusariumoxysporumSchlechtend:Fr)专化型、生理小种、亲和群之间的关系,以及棉花黄萎病菌(VerticilliumdahliaeKleb.)亲和群与致病型关系的研究进展。  相似文献   

Efficacy of parenteral antibiotics for disease prophylaxis in feedlot calves   总被引：9，自引：9，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

Harland RJ  Jim GK  Guichon PT  Townsend HG  Janzen ED 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1991,32(3):163-168

Trimethoprim-sulfadoxine (TMPSDX) and two formulations of oxytetracycline (OTC) were examined for their prophylactic efficacy in feedlot calves when given by intramuscular injection on arrival at a large commercial feedlot. The study included 2,112 high-risk feeder calves that developed disease early in the feeding period. Both formulations of OTC reduced bovine respiratory disease morbidity during the first two weeks on feed and for the entire feeding period by 15-19% (p<0.05), and they also reduced all fatal fibrinous pneumonia by 67% and 84% (p<0.05). All three drugs significantly reduced all fatal disease in animals first treated during the second week on feed, but not for the overall feeding period. Oxytetracycline with 2-pyrrolidone reduced the incidence of all fatal disease by 44% (p<0.05) during the entire feeding period. The case fatality risk for calves first treated during the second week on feed was lower (p<0.05) in the TMPSDX group and in the OTC with polyvinyl-pyrrolidone group.  相似文献   

Public advertising of Rx drugs - Disagreement with CVMA position          下载免费PDF全文

Jim GK  Guichon PT 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1991,32(9):519

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The relative economics of feeding open, aborted, pregnant feedlot heifers   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

Jim GK  Ribble CS  Guichon PT  Thorlakson BE 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1991,32(10):613-617

A 90-day finishing trial involving 144 feedlot heifers was conducted to compare the performance parameters and carcass characteristics of open heifers, therapeutically aborted heifers, and pregnant heifers. In the first 28 days of the trial, the aborted heifers had reduced (p < 0.05) feed intake (FI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency (FE) compared to pregnant and open heifers. Over the entire trial, on a live weight basis, the aborted group had reduced (p < 0.05) final weight, ADG, and FE compared to pregnant and open heifers. However, when the data were adjusted for total uterine weight, the aborted and open heifers had improved (p < 0.05) final weight, ADG, and FE compared to pregnant heifers. The aborted and open group had a higher (p < 0.05) carcass weight, rib eye area, dressing percentage, and cutability estimate compared to the pregnant heifers. The aborted group had lower (p < 0.05) carcass weight than the open heifers. Over the entire 90-day feeding period, there were no statistically significant differences among the groups with respect to feed intake (FI), average fat, grade fat, and carcass grades. Also, there were no significant health problems or mortality in any of the groups.

In the economic analysis, aborted heifers returned $26.41 per head more than pregnant heifers. Open heifers returned $39.94 per head more than aborted heifers, and $66.35 more than pregnant heifers. Thus, aborting feedlot heifers during the second trimester was determined to be a safe and cost effective management decision.

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The anti-proteolytic activity of blood and ovarian follicular fluid in sheep after stimulation with serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and administration of Antisergon]     

M Molnárová  J Arendarcik  T Mészárosová 《Veterinární medicína》1991,36(8):497-507

The synthesis and secretion of trypsin (trypsin model serine protease) inhibitors are regulated in ovarian follicles by gonadotropins. The superovulation stimulations with 400 IU FSH, 1000 IU PMSG, 1000 IU HCG, 750 IIU PMSG + 750 IU HCG influence in a different way the trypsin inhibiting activities (TIA) of blood plasma (BP) (Figs 1 and 2) and follicular fluid (fig. 3); this points to a possibility of local effects. An increase in the average values of TIA in BP was statistically significant during the whole experiment: P less than 0.05 to P less than 0.001 (following the administration of PMSG+HCG, or PMSG, and HCG); Antisergon administered in 68 hours after PMSG reduced this increase. The changes in the fraction of low-molecular TIA in BP (after BP treatment with perchloric acid) were of converse nature; a decrease in the average values ranged from P less than 0.02 to P less than 0.001 (following PMSG or other stimulations). Antisergon did not influence this decrease. The changes observed on particular days of the trial (Figs. 1 and 2) also indicate different effects of the preparations, mainly of the component LH, which resulted in the occurrence of large nonovulating follicles (greater than 10 mm--"cystic" ones). No such follicles were observed in nonstimulated ewes and after FSH stimulation. The administration of antisergon (goat's antiserum against PMSG) 68 hours after PMSG administration did not prevent their creation. The TIA of follicular fluid (FF) of antral follicles was on average tenfold in comparison with that of blood plasma; and the TIA FF of follicles greater than 10 mm was higher (up to P less than 0.001) than the TIA FF of follicles less than 10 mm. The administration of Antisergon in shorter intervals following PMSG administration (12, 24, 48 and 58 hours) influenced the average values of TIA BP in 120 hours (since PMSG administration) in dependence on time (Tab. I). The effects of Antisergon administered in 12 and 24 hours after PMSG administration on the TIA BP were insignificant if it was administered in 48 and 58 hours the TIA BP increased (P less than 0.02; P less than 0.001) in comparison with the interval of 12 hours. The TIA FF of follicles less than 5 mm, 5-10 mm and greater than 10 mm varied in dependence on the time intervals of Antisergon administration (Fig. 4). The statistical significance of these changes in shown in Tab. II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)  相似文献   

Les fichiers vétérinaires de OPEN ACCESS II          下载免费PDF全文

Léger L 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(4):401

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Comparison of penicillin, oxytetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfadoxine in the treatment of acute undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease   总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Mechor GD  Jim GK  Janzen ED 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(5):438-443

Penicillin, oxytetracycline, and a trimethoprimsulfadoxine combination were compared as first choice antibiotics for the treatment of acute bovine respiratory disease in weaned beef calves. There was no statistical difference in the mortality losses due to respiratory disease; however, the case fatality rate in the trimethoprim-sulfadoxine treatment group (3%) was markedly lower than in the penicillin (10%) and oxytetracycline (8%) treatment groups. The trimethoprim-sulfadoxine group also had statistically fewer treatment days compared to the penicillin and oxytetracycline groups (p < 0.05). Inclusion of mortality costs in the calculation of treatment costs demonstrated that treatment of the trimethoprimsulfadoxine group was appreciably less costly than treatment of the other groups. Temperature response abnormalities, defined as either an elevation in temperature or a failure of temperature to drop from one treatment day to the next, were associated with a relapse rate of approximately 50%. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity testing of Pasteurella haemolytica isolated from pretreatment nasal swabs was not a useful predictor of treatment success of antimicrobials.  相似文献