曼地亚红豆杉的扦插繁殖研究     

马元山  曹鲁艳  梁淑云  傅玉兰  张海涛 《中国农学通报》2016,32(22):1-4

为探索曼地亚红豆杉的快繁技术,以泥炭、珍珠岩、河沙按照不同的配比混合成扦插基质,不同浓度(100、200、300 mg/L)的NAA、IBA、2,4-D、ABT生根粉4种植物激素被用于扦插繁殖比较试验。结果表明：曼地亚红豆杉在基质为泥炭:珍珠岩=1:1,用200、300 mg/L的IBA扦插曼地亚红豆杉的成活率较好。本试验获得了曼地亚红豆杉最佳的繁殖方法,为曼地亚红豆杉的快繁技术奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Pigeonpea breeding in eastern and southern Africa: challenges and opportunities          下载免费PDF全文

Seleman R. Kaoneka  Rachit K. Saxena  Said N. Silim  Damaris A. Odeny  Nadigatla Veera Prabha Rama Ganga Rao  Hussein A. Shimelis  Moses Siambi  Rajeev K. Varshney 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(2):148-154

Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan [L.] Millspaugh) is an important multipurpose grain legume crop primarily grown in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, Africa and Latin America. In Africa, the crop is grown for several purposes including food security, income generation, livestock feed and in agroforestry. Production in Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) is however faced with many challenges including limited use of high‐yielding cultivars, diseases and pests, drought, under‐investment in research and lack of scientific expertise. The aim of this review is to highlight the challenges facing pigeonpea breeding research in ESA and the existing opportunities for improving the overall pigeonpea subsector in the region. We discuss the potential of the recently available pigeonpea genomic resources for accelerated molecular breeding, the prospects for conventional breeding and commercial hybrid pigeonpea, and the relevant seed policies, among others, which are viewed as opportunities to enhance pigeonpea productivity.  相似文献   

Vector population manipulation for control of arboviruses – a novel prospect for India     

BP Niranjan Reddy  Bhavna Gupta  B Prasad Rao 《Pest management science》2014,70(4):517-523

India, the seventh largest country in the world, has diverse geographical and climatic regions with vast rural and peri‐urban areas. Many are experiencing an escalation in the spread and intensity of numerous human diseases transmitted by insects. Classically, the management of these vector‐borne diseases is underpinned by either chemical insecticides and/or environmental management targeted at the vector. However, these methods or their present implementation do not offer acceptable levels of control, and more effective and sustainable options are now available. Genetic strategies for the prevention of arbovirus transmission are most advanced for dengue and chikungunya, targeting their primary vector, Aedes aegypti. The national burden in terms of morbidity and mortality as a direct consequence of dengue virus in India is considered to be the largest worldwide, over 4 times that of any other country. Presently, new genetic technologies are undergoing field evaluation of their biosafety and efficacy in several countries. This paper discusses the merits of these approaches and argues for fair and transparent appraisal in India as a matter of urgency. Identification of any associated risks and their appropriate mitigation are fundamental to that process. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Design of portable noninvasive detecting instrument for arteriosclerosis     

LI Songnong  HE Wei  YU Chuanxiang  LIN Haitao  LI Zheming 《保鲜与加工》2014,(1):39-45

The existing detecting instruments for arteriosclerosis are usually expensive and bulky. To overcome their disadvantages, a novel portable noninvasive detecting instrument for arteriosclerosis based on advanced RISC machines (ARM) and WinCE is developed and its clinical assessment experiment is carried out. Its hardware platform is an embedded system. The pulse wave signals of radial artery and brachial artery are acquired by signal measurement circuit and transmitted to ARM processor. On the basis of arterial Windkessel model and oscillometric theory, pulse wave signals analysis is performed by custom-designed software based on LabVIEW for WinCE platform, and 11 arterial stiffness assess factors are calculated. Subject’s degree of arteriosclerosis is evaluated automatically by this instrument according to these factors. The results of clinical experiment show that the instrument can accurately evaluate degree of arteriosclerosis and keep good stability and reliability. The maximum relative error of stability is 4.37%, and the correlation coefficient with the consulted instrument is higher than 0.85 (P<0.001).  相似文献   

Evaluation of recombinant proteins of Haemophilus parasuis strain SH0165 as vaccine candidates in a mouse model     

Yuan F  Fu S  Hu J  Li J  Chang H  Hu L  Chen H  Tian Y  Bei W 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(1):51-56

The recently completed genome sequence of Haemophilus parasuis strain SH0165 allowed us to screen putative OMPs for the development of recombinant vaccines. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of three OMPs of H. parasuis. Three putative OMPs (SmpA, YgiW and FOG) were cloned, expressed and purified by Ni affinity chromatography using nitriloacetic acid resin. Mice were immunized either individually (individual protein, IP) or synergistically (synergistic protein, SP) with the recombinant proteins. A significant increase in IgG titer was detected in all protein-immunized mice. Isotyping studies revealed that the antibodies produced were predominantly IgG2a-type, indicating a predominant Th1 response. A significant increase was observed in IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-γ levels in the culture supernatants of splenocytes isolated from immunized mice. Furthermore, mice were challenged intraperitoneally with 6×10(9)CFU (5×LD(50)) of highly virulent homologous serovar 5 strain (SH0165) or 7.0×10(9) CFU (5×LD(50)) of the heterologous serovar 4 strain (MD0322) at fourteen days after the last immunization. All of the recombinant proteins enhanced survival and reduced histopathological lesions. Our results indicated that the three OMPs showed protection both individually and synergistically against infection with the highly virulent H. parasuis in mice.  相似文献   

马尾松低效人工林不同改造模式下降雨及产流特征     

张海涛  宫渊波  付万权  陈耀嘉  徐云岩  崔亚潇 《浙江农林大学学报》2018,35(1):29-34

为探究马尾松Pinus massoniana低效人工林不同模式改造初期降雨及地表径流特征,以四川省高县来复镇5个相邻径流小区内的马尾松低效人工林为研究对象,采用林下补植樟树Cinnamomum camphora（Ⅱ号小区）、马尾松皆伐后更新樟树（Ⅲ号小区和Ⅳ号小区）、马尾松皆伐后第2年更新樟树（Ⅴ号小区）3种不同林下更新改造方式以及马尾松纯林为对照（Ⅰ号小区）,分析降雨量、不同改造模式产流量以及它们之间的关系。结果表明:研究区降雨主要集中于每年6-9月。在低效林改造初期2.5 a内,24 h累计最大降雨量为93.6 mm,最小产流降雨量6.9 mm;最大产流量3.002 0 m3,最小产流量0.006 4 m3。5个径流小区在小雨条件下几乎无地表径流产生,平均单次产流量大小排序为Ⅲ号小区>Ⅳ号小区>Ⅴ号小区>Ⅱ号小区>Ⅰ号小区,与受人为干扰强度一致;2014年下半年径流系数比2012年下半年分别下降29.36%,26.30%,47.37%,41.54%和43.97%。对降雨量与径流量进行相关性分析表明,其相关系数均大于0.905。3个皆伐径流小区在改造初期对地表径流的减滞效果更为明显。  相似文献   

烤烟气候性斑点病与植株和土壤的营养关系     

杨绍聪  张艳军  吕艳玲  段永华  张军云  费勇  饶敏  廖凯 《中国农学通报》2009,25(14):168-172

摘 要:本文针对在玉溪市烤烟生产上常发生的烤烟气候性斑点病问题,从发生原因的内部因素（烟株营养）方面,采用田间调查、采集配对样品与室内检测分析相结合的方法,并以根际土壤及植株各部位叶片等为探索对象,从病害在田间分布及叶片养分变化等方面开展了研究。结果表明,在烤烟初花期气候性斑点病发生叶位以第4－7叶位（由下至上）的叶片发生较多（占83.5%）。发生气候性斑点病的烟株,内因是由于植株N、Ca、Mg含量过高,而K含量不足,从而提高了 N/K、Mg/K及Ca/K比值,导致N、K、Ca、Mg营养不平衡,其根本原因是由于土壤有效N（特别是速效的NO3－N与NH4－N）及交换性Ca、Mg含量过高,有效K含量过低所致。关键词：烤烟;气候性斑点病;土壤养分;烟叶营养  相似文献   

华南地区浅圆仓玉米氮气气调储藏试验研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

饶如勇  杨健  庄泽敏  李浩杰 《粮食储藏》2009,38(5):25-28

华南地区浅圆仓储藏玉米存在害虫危害、局部发热、脂肪酸值变化快的问题,2008年采用氮气气调控温储藏,应用试验结果表明,在度夏期间长期维持氮气浓度97%以上的情况下,害虫防治效果较好、品质保持效果良好、粮食微生物受到较好的抑制、局部发热得到了明显的控制,不仅运行成本与采用谷物冷却技术相当,而且降低了保管员的劳动强度,避免了保管员接触储粮化学药剂,综合效益显著。  相似文献   

退耕还林不同植被经营模式综合效益评价     

饶素玉  罗细芳 《华东森林经理》2009,23(3):16-18,21

对鄂西地区退耕还林三种不同植被配置模式和坡耕地农作系统模式的综合效益进行了评价和比较。结果表明,以生态型经济林植被配置模式综合效益最高,其次分别是生物篱模式和水土保持林模式,坡耕地农作系统模式效益最差。  相似文献   

浅析城市建设中的环境工程地质问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘海涛  高书存 《林业科技情报》2009,41(4):90-91

随着社会经济与文化的飞速发展,城市规模日益扩大,而城市建设所引发的环境工程地质问题也越来越多。本文对城市建设中的主要环境工程地质问题,如区域地壳稳定性评价、供水条件及水资源保护、城市地区的人为物理化学场等问题进行了分析论述。  相似文献