Perspectives on emerging zoonotic disease research and capacity building in Canada     

Stephen C  Artsob H  Bowie WR  Drebot M  Fraser E  Leighton T  Morshed M  Ong C  Patrick D 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2005,46(1):65-71

Zoonoses are fundamental determinants of community health. Preventing, identifying and managing these infections must be a central public health focus. Most current zoonoses research focuses on the interface of the pathogen and the clinically ill person, emphasizing microbial detection, mechanisms of pathogenicity and clinical intervention strategies, rather than examining the causes of emergence, persistence and spread of new zoonoses. There are gaps in the understanding of the animal determinants of emergence and the capacity to train highly qualified individuals; these are major obstacles to preventing new disease threats. The ability to predict the emergence of zoonoses and their resulting public health and societal impacts are hindered when insufficient effort is devoted to understanding zoonotic disease epidemiology, and when zoonoses are not examined in a manner that yields fundamental insight into their origin and spread. Emerging infectious disease research should rest on four pillars: enhanced communications across disciplinary and agency boundaries; the assessment and development of surveillance and disease detection tools; the examination of linkages between animal health determinants of human health outcomes; and finally, cross-disciplinary training and research. A national strategy to predict, prevent and manage emerging diseases must have a prominent and explicit role for veterinary and biological researchers. An integrated health approach would provide decision makers with a firmer foundation from which to build evidence-based disease prevention and control plans that involve complex human/animal/environmental systems, and would serve as the foundation to train and support the new cadre of individuals ultimately needed to maintain and apply research capacity in this area.  相似文献   

Intermittent claudication in an Afghan hound due to aortic arteriosclerosis     

Zandvliet MM  Stokhof AA  Boroffka S  van den Ingh TS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2005,19(2):259-261

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COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY OF CHOLESTERINIC GRANLOMAS IN THE CHOROID PLEXUS OF HORSES     

Mariette  Vink-Nooteboom  DVM  Karin  Junker  DVM  Ted S.G.A.M.  VAN DEN Ingh  DVM  PHD  Kees J.  Dik  DVM  PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1998,39(6):512-517

Cholesterinic granulomas are tumor-like masses in the choroid plexuses of horses. This report describes the computed tomographic findings in four horses with cholesterinic granulomas, including the clinical and the pathologic features. All four horses had bilateral cholesterinic granulomas in the lateral ventricles. Computed tomographic images clearly delineated the masses, the opacity of the granulomas, and the enhancement pattern after intravenous bolus injection of contrast medium; these factors varied considerably. Additional CT findings were symmetric or asymmetric widening of the lateral ventricles.  相似文献   

Determination of the antibiotic fungicide validamycin A in formulated products by micellar electrokinetic chromatography.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Y M Hsiao  C C Lo 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1999,47(9):3723-3726

A micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatographic method (MEKC) was used to determine validamycin A content in commercial products. The results indicated that this method was capable of analyzing the validamycin A content in formulated products with an instrument detection limit of 0.94 microg/mL and a method detection limit of 1. 70 microg/mL. Relative standard deviation (RSD) values of MEKC determination of validamycin A in formulated products ranged from 0. 61 to 2.09%. Recoveries of validamycin A in formulated products were in the region of 99.5-105.1%. All commercial products collected from markets contained validamycin A. The high percentage of recovery, the low detection limit, and the low RSD values confirmed that the MEKC technique is a senstivie and selective method.  相似文献   

Caprine herpesvirus-2 in association with naturally occurring malignant catarrhal fever in captive sika deer (Cervus nippon).     

M Kevin Keel  J Gage Patterson  Ted H Noon  Gregory A Bradley  James K Collins 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2003,15(2):179-183

Three female sika deer from a single captive herd were submitted for postmortem examination over a 139-day period. The first 2 deer submitted were reported to have lost body mass for 20 days to 1 month before euthanasia. One of these deer had diarrhea, the other had a crusting dermatitis on the nasal planum and inner aspects of both pinnae. The third hind did not have any signs of disease before it was found seizuring and was immediately euthanatized. Microscopically, all 3 animals had a lymphocytic vasculitis typical of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), with the most severe lesions in the brain. All 3 deer were polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive for caprine herpesvirus 2 (CpHV-2) and were negative for ovine herpesvirus 2 (OHV-2). Two healthy goats that were housed adjacent to the deer were also PCR positive for CpHV-2 and PCR negative for OHV-2. The CpHV-2, PCR amplicons from the hinds, and the 2 healthy goats had an identical single base polymorphism. A male sika deer that was housed with the hinds and a fawn from 1 of the hinds remained asymptomatic and were PCR negative for CpHV-2. This represents the first report of mortality with MCF-like lesions in association with CpHV-2.  相似文献   

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGING OF THE EQUINE HEAD     

Karen L.  Morrow  DVM  MS  Richard D.  Park  DVM  PhD  Thomas L.  Spurgeon  PhD  Ted S.  Stashak  DVM  MS  Billie  Arceneaux  RT 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2000,41(6):491-497

The head from three horses euthanized due to diseases unrelated to the head and neck was imaged using computed tomography (CT). Gross cross-sectional slices of equine head #1 and skeleton of equine head #2 were compared with the CT images of the three equine heads to identify normal structures of the cranium, brain, paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, and teeth. Labeled transverse CT images of the equine head are presented sequentially as a reference for normal anatomy.  相似文献   

Exploitation of Acacia confusa heartwood extract as natural photostabilizers     

Tzu-Cheng Chang  Nien-Chih Hsiao  Po-Cheng Yu  Shang-Tzen Chang 《Wood Science and Technology》2015,49(4):811-823

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Transmission dynamics and control of severe acute respiratory syndrome     

Lipsitch M  Cohen T  Cooper B  Robins JM  Ma S  James L  Gopalakrishna G  Chew SK  Tan CC  Samore MH  Fisman D  Murray M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5627):1966-1970

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a recently described illness of humans that has spread widely over the past 6 months. With the use of detailed epidemiologic data from Singapore and epidemic curves from other settings, we estimated the reproductive number for SARS in the absence of interventions and in the presence of control efforts. We estimate that a single infectious case of SARS will infect about three secondary cases in a population that has not yet instituted control measures. Public-health efforts to reduce transmission are expected to have a substantial impact on reducing the size of the epidemic.  相似文献   

Rapid changes in ice discharge from Greenland outlet glaciers     

Howat IM  Joughin I  Scambos TA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,315(5818):1559-1561

Using satellite-derived surface elevation and velocity data, we found major short-term variations in recent ice discharge and mass loss at two of Greenland's largest outlet glaciers. Their combined rate of mass loss doubled in less than a year in 2004 and then decreased in 2006 to near the previous rates, likely as a result of fast re-equilibration of calving-front geometry after retreat. Total mass loss is a fraction of concurrent gravity-derived estimates, pointing to an alternative source of loss and the need for high-resolution observations of outlet dynamics and glacier geometry for sea-level rise predictions.  相似文献   

Addiction liability of albino rats: breeding for quantitive differences in morphine drinking     

J R Nichols  S Hsiao 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1967,157(788):561-563

Selective breeding produced two strains of rats that differ in their susceptibility to morphine addiction. Inbreeding the more susceptible rats in an unselected population produced susceptible offspring; inbreeding resistant rats produced resistant offspring. Further selection and inbreeding increased the strain difference in the F(2) and F(3) generations. The F(3) generation also differed in their susceptibility to alcohol addiction.  相似文献