Slope length effects on microbial biomass and activity of eroded sediments   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ömer Kara  Hüseyin Şensoy  İlyas Bolat 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(3):434-439

Purpose  

Due to climatic and topographic conditions, soil erosion is a major problem in Turkey; approximately 86% of the land is suffering from some degree of erosion. This study investigated the relationship between bare soil slope length and the erosion-induced degradation of soil quality and the loss of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) from the microbial biomass in eroded sediment in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey.  相似文献   

Influence of temperature and photoperiod on sprouting capacity of Cirsium arvense and Sonchus arvensis root buds     

J LIEW  L ANDERSSON  U BOSTRÖM  J FORKMAN  I HAKMAN  E MAGNUSKI 《Weed Research》2012,52(5):449-457

  相似文献   

Using precision farming technology to quantify yield effects attributed to weed competition and herbicide application     

R GERHARDS  C GUTJAHR  M WEIS  M KELLER  M SÖKEFELD  J MÖHRING  H P PIEPHO 《Weed Research》2012,52(1):6-15

  相似文献   

Efficacies of liposome-encapsulated enrofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus infection in Anatolian shepherd dog monocytes in vitro     

Baş AL  Simşek A  Erganiş O  Corlu M 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2005,112(6):219-223

The aim of this study was to evaluate the intracellular activity of two types of liposome-encapsulated enrofloxacin (LE) compared with free enrofloxacin and non-treated control against Staphylococcus aureus, phagocytosed by monocytes in healthy Anatolian Shepherd dogs. Enrofloxacin was encapsulated with two different types of liposome in multilamellar large vesicles (MLV). Type A MLV were composed of 15 mg phosphatidylcholine and 35 mg cholesterol, Type B MLV were composed of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and enrofloxacin in a molar ratio of 1:1:1. Intracellular activity was estimated by comparing the numbers of bacteria surviving intracellularly in monocytes exposed to free enrofloxacin and LE for 4 h at the doses of 0.25, 0.5 and 1 microg/ml, with those surviving intracellularly in untreated control monocytes. All three forms of enrofloxacin (free, Type A and B liposomes) increased the intracellular killing of S. aureus in a concentration dependent manner. Comparison of 1 microg/ml Type B LE revealed that killing activity was significantly higher than those of other concentrations. The results showed that LE was superior in reducing the number of intracellularly located bacteria compared to the free drug and control. The beneficial effect of liposomal encapsulation is presumably due to the fact that both liposomes and bacteria are localized at the same spot in phagocytic cells.  相似文献   

Epitopic characterisation of Turkish bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) isolates using monoclonal antibodies     

Yeşilbağ K  Burgu I 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2003,51(2):237-244

In this study, 15 bovine viral diarrhoea viruses (BVDV) isolated from the field in Turkey were characterised for their biotype, cloned and eventually analysed for their epitopic composition in terms of glycoprotein E2. Immunoplaque assay, plaque assay, limiting dilution and streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase techniques were used for biotype characterisation, cloning of cytopathic (cp) and noncytopathic (ncp) biotypes and epitope analysis, respectively. While 14 out of 15 BVDV isolates were distinguished as ncp biotype, 1 isolate was found to be containing both biotypes (cp + ncp). According to the reactivity patterns of isolates with 15 monoclonal antibodies, 4 different antigenic groups could be formed. There were no antigenic differences between the isolates derived from the same animal with various time intervals. On the other hand, biotype clones isolated from the same animal exhibited difference in one epitope. This is the first study describing antigenic characterisation of BVDV field isolates in Turkey.  相似文献   

Isolation of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli from the gall bladder samples of sheep and identification by polymerase chain reaction     

Ertaş HB  Ozbey G  Kiliç A  Muz A 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2003,50(6):294-297

In this study, 100 gall bladder samples of sheep slaughtered at an abattoir in Elazi? province were examined for Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Preston Campylobacter Agar supplemented with 7% horse blood and Preston Selective Supplement (Oxoid, Hampshire, UK) were used for isolation of the agents. Campylobacter spp. were isolated in 66 samples, and they were identified as 34% C. jejuni and 32% C. coli. A multiplex PCR based upon the use of ceuE gene-specific primers was applied on DNA samples extracted from C. jejuni and C. coli isolates. All C. jejuni and C. coli strains that were positive by culture were also detected to be positive by PCR. This study shows that PCR can be used an alternative, rapid and sensitive test for the identification of C. jejuni and C. coli which threaten human and animal health.  相似文献   

A survey of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Diyarbakır,Turkey     

Ölmez  Selime  Ulusoy  M. Rifat 《Phytoparasitica》2003,31(5):524-528

A list is given of aphid parasitoids found in Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. In the survey, performed between 1998 and 2000, 16 species of aphid parasitoids were found on different hosts in Diyarbakır Province.Monoctonus mali is reported for the first time in the Turkish aphid parasitoids fauna. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Oct. 20, 2003.  相似文献   

Phyllonorycter apparella, a new record and a new pest of trembling aspen (Populus tremula) in Turkey     

Göksel Tozlu  Rüstern Hayat  Hikmet Özbek 《Phytoparasitica》2002,30(1):38-42

Phyllonorycter apparella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) is a new record for the Turkish fauna and a new trembling aspen(Populus tremula L.) pest for Turkey. Its biology, damage and infestation ratio were studied in Sankami?. (Kars), Turkey, during 1996 and 1997.P. apparella has one generation a year. The developmental stages of the pest are described briefly. P.apparella hibernates in the adult stage. At the beginning of June, the adults appear. Females deposit their eggs on both leaf surfaces, generally one by one, 7–10 days after emerging. The early instars (sap-feeding larvae) start to mine mostly from the underside of leaves. Each mine has one larva, and each leaf may have up to 26 mines. The last instar (tissue-feeding larva) begins to pupate in the mine after mid August. The adults emerge from mid September to the beginning of October, and move to the trunks of old pine trees, where they hibernate in bark crevices. The infestation level may be as high as 90% of the leaves on some trees.  相似文献   

Effect of some organic amendments on onion bulb rot     

N. Özer  N. D. Köycü  M. Mirik  H. Soran  D. Boyraz 《Phytoparasitica》2002,30(4):429-433

The effect of soil amended with stalks of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz) on onion bulb rot caused byFusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f.sp.cepae (Hanz.) Snyder Hansen andAspergillus niger v. Tieghem was tested in a soil naturally infested with the pathogens under field conditions. All treatments significantly reduced bulb rot incidence. The fungal and antibacterial populations varied among all of the amended tested soils. Heterotrophic fungal populations were more effective than heterotrophic bacterial populations in the suppression of disease. The highest population of fungal microflora was found in plots amended with sunflower stalks. The carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and available moisture content of amended soils have an indirect suppressive role on disease, by increasing the heterotrophic fungal population. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting June 18, 2002.  相似文献   

Contribution to the knowledge of the families apionidae and nanophyidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from Turkey, with new records     

Rüstern Hayat  Şaban Güçlü  Hikmet Özbek  Karel Schön 《Phytoparasitica》2002,30(1):25-37

Data are presented on the occurrence of 43 species of the family Apionidae and two species of the family Nanophyidae in Turkey based on the material obtained mainly by beating stone-fruit trees in NE Turkey. The identity and information about the three species of Apionidae —Squamapion sp.cf.bifarium (Balfour-Browne),Protapion sp.cf.ruficrus (Germar),Catapion sp.cf.seniculus (Kirby) — must be revised. The faunistic data in the present paper on almost all species add to prior knowledge on their distribution in Turkey.Hypophyes aphyllae (Peyerímhoff),Ceratapion kasbekianum (Gerstaecker),Squamapion ottonis (Wagner),S. samarense (Faust),S. phocopus (Eppelsheim),Taeniapion rufulum (Wencker),Pseudoprotapion astragali (Paykull),P. ergenense (Becker),Stenopterapion intermedium (Eppelsheim) andOxystoma fausti (Desbrochers) are reported for the first time in the Turkish fauna. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 8, 2001.  相似文献