Variation of inflammatory dynamics and mediators in primiparous cows after intramammary challenge with Escherichia coli     

Pezeshki A  Stordeur P  Wallemacq H  Schynts F  Stevens M  Boutet P  Peelman LJ  De Spiegeleer B  Duchateau L  Bureau F  Burvenich C 《Veterinary research》2011,42(1):15

ABSTRACT: The objective of the current study was to investigate (i) the outcome of experimentally induced Escherichia coli mastitis in primiparous cows during early lactation in relation with production of eicosanoids and inflammatory indicators, and (ii) the validity of thermography to evaluate temperature changes on udder skin surface after experimentally induced E. coli mastitis. Nine primiparous Holstein Friesian cows were inoculated 24 ± 6 days (d) after parturition in both left quarters with E. coli P4 serotype O32:H37. Blood and milk samples were collected before and after challenge with E. coli. The infrared images were taken from the caudal view of the udder following challenge with E. coli. No relationship was detected between severity of mastitis and changes of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and lipoxin A4 (LXA4). However, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was related to systemic disease severity during E. coli mastitis. Moreover, reduced somatic cell count (SCC), fewer circulating basophils, increased concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and higher milk sodium and lower milk potassium concentrations were related to systemic disease severity. The thermal camera was capable of detecting 2-3°C temperature changes on udder skin surface of cows inoculated with E. coli. Peak of udder skin temperature occurred after peak of rectal temperature and appearance of local signs of induced E. coli mastitis. Although infrared thermography was a successful method for detecting the changes in udder skin surface temperature following intramammary challenge with E. coli, it did not show to be a promising tool for early detection of mastitis.  相似文献   

低O ₂和高CO ₂对草莓采后酯类生物合成的作用模式     

周丽丽  DangyangKe  AdelAKader 《中国农业大学学报》1995,(2):180-186

草莓(Fragria ananassa Duck.cv.Chandler)果实于采收当天分别放在:①空气;②0.25%O_2;③21%O_2+50%CO_2;④0.25%O_2+50%CO_2(用 N_2平衡)四种流动气体条件(5℃)下1～7d,以研究气调贮藏对草莓的挥发性物质和发酵性酶活性的影响。在三种气调贮藏条件下,果肉中乙醛、乙醇、乙酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯的浓度较空气处理明显增加而乙酸异丙酯和乙酸丁酯的含量下降。气调贮藏处理增加了丙酮酸脱羧酶(PDC)和乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)的活性但略微减少了醇酰基转移酶(即酯化酶,AAT)的活性。低 O_2、高 CO_2条件下草莓中乙醇的大量累积加速了乙酸乙酯的生物合成。由于 AAT 活性的降低及过量的乙醇与其他醇类化合物对相同羧基化合物的竞争作用导致其他乙酸酯类产物的减少。  相似文献   

Quality of testicular semen of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and its relationship with fertilization and hatching success     

Nabil Mansour  Adel Ramoun  & Franz Lahnsteiner 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(14):1422-1428

Quality differences of testicular semen of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, and their influence on fertilization and hatching success were investigated. In accordance with an earlier study, two semen types of the African catfish were distinguished according to testicular maturity stage. Semen type I derived from males with white mature testes whereas type II semen derived from males with grey, partly mature testes. Semen volume, sperm cell concentration and seminal plasma pH was significantly higher in type I semen than in type II semen, while sperm motility was similar. Similar fertilization percentages were obtained with semen type I and semen type II. However, the hatching percentage was higher and the percentage of deformed hatched larvae was lower for type I semen. There were significant (P<0.01) positive correlations between sperm motility and fertilization percentage, seminal plasma pH and hatching percentage and a negative correlation between seminal plasma pH and percentage of deformed larvae. Therefore seminal plasma pH and sperm motility are useful to predict semen quality of the African catfish.  相似文献   

Exome sequencing of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma reveals inactivating mutations in NOTCH1     

Agrawal N  Frederick MJ  Pickering CR  Bettegowda C  Chang K  Li RJ  Fakhry C  Xie TX  Zhang J  Wang J  Zhang N  El-Naggar AK  Jasser SA  Weinstein JN  Treviño L  Drummond JA  Muzny DM  Wu Y  Wood LD  Hruban RH  Westra WH  Koch WM  Califano JA  Gibbs RA  Sidransky D  Vogelstein B  Velculescu VE  Papadopoulos N  Wheeler DA  Kinzler KW  Myers JN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6046):1154-1157

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. To explore the genetic origins of this cancer, we used whole-exome sequencing and gene copy number analyses to study 32 primary tumors. Tumors from patients with a history of tobacco use had more mutations than did tumors from patients who did not use tobacco, and tumors that were negative for human papillomavirus (HPV) had more mutations than did HPV-positive tumors. Six of the genes that were mutated in multiple tumors were assessed in up to 88 additional HNSCCs. In addition to previously described mutations in TP53, CDKN2A, PIK3CA, and HRAS, we identified mutations in FBXW7 and NOTCH1. Nearly 40% of the 28 mutations identified in NOTCH1 were predicted to truncate the gene product, suggesting that NOTCH1 may function as a tumor suppressor gene rather than an oncogene in this tumor type.  相似文献   

The global vaccination gap     

Mahmoud A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5681):147

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Genotypic variation and relationships between seedling and adult plant traits in maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines grown under contrasting nitrogen levels     

Adel H. Abdel-Ghani  Bharath Kumar  Jenaro Reyes-Matamoros  Pedro J. Gonzalez-Portilla  Constantin Jansen  Juan Pablo San Martin  Michael Lee  Thomas L��bberstedt 《Euphytica》2013,189(1):123-133

Genotypes with better root development have good nutrient acquisition capacity and may yield better under limited nitrogen (N) conditions and consequently can help reduce the N fertilization rate and hence mitigate some economic and ecological problems. This study focused on the genotypic variation among diverse maize inbred lines for seedling and adult plant traits under contrasting N levels. Seventy-four lines were screened under high and low N levels in a climate chamber and in the field. High phenotypic diversity was observed for seedling and adult plant traits together with moderate to high broad-sense heritability estimates. Seedling total root length and root dry weight were significantly correlated with other root traits in maize. Of the adult plant traits evaluated in the field, the anthesis-silking interval and the leaf chlorophyll contents were significantly correlated with grain yield under both low and high N levels. In one location, the seminal root length was correlated with grain yield both under low and high N levels and the root dry weight was correlated with grain yield under high N. Selection indices based on secondary root traits along with grain yield could lead to an increase in selection efficiency for grain yield under N stress condition. By identifying lines with better root development, particularly lines with longer SRL, it may be possible to select inbred lines with higher grain yield particularly under low N condition.  相似文献   

Modeling and Analysis of Mechanization Projects of Wheat Production by GERT Networks   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Reza Abdi  Hamid Reza Ghasemzadeh  Shamsollah Abdollahpour  Majid Sabzeparvar  Adel Dabbag  Mohamadi Nasab 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2010,9(7):1078-1083

In crop production systems,all operations such as seed bed preparation,etc.,must be accomplished on time,if yield reduction and low quality product are to be avoided.Therefore all operations in mechanized cropping projects require precise scheduling,planning and management.The basic approach in all scheduling techniques is to form a network of activities and events relationships that graphically portrays the sequential relations between the tasks in a project.Such a network would as a powerful tool available a farm manager to plan,schedule,monitor and control a project.Since GERT（Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique） networks have most of advantages associated with networks and available system analyst in exact evaluation of certain types of networks,in this research it was used and mechanized wheat production system was simulated,modeled and analyzed.Critical activities,events and path were determined.Results showed that the network model was able to answer any statistic questions concerning with the project.Network models,particularly GERT networks are increasingly powerful tool for modeling,scheduling,planning,controlling,and analyzing of agricultural mechanization projects.  相似文献   

Embryonic development and hatching sequence in goldlined sea bream Rhabdosargus sarba (Forskǻl, 1775)     

Fahad Saleh Ibrahim  Josefa D Tan‐Fermin  Jupit M Donoso  Adel H Al Balushi  Ammar Ali Salim Al Omiri 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(4):755-761

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Leucaena-KX2 mulch additions increase growth,yield and soil C and N in a managed full-sun coffee system in Hawaii     

Adel H. Youkhana  Travis W. Idol 《Agroforestry Systems》2016,90(2):325-337

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Investigating the effect of Water-oil repellency finish on baby clothes     

Monia Kabbari  Adel Ghith  Faten Fayala  Noureddine Liouane 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(6):873-879

In this paper, fuzzy logic method was used to model the effect of stain repellent treatment on plush knitted fabrics intended for baby clothes. In order to reduce the complexity of the models and increase the knowledge and comprehension of the underlying process, a fuzzy sensitivity variation criterion was used to select the most relevant parameters which are taken as inputs of the reduced fuzzy logic models. The outputs are the water-oil contact angles characterizing the stain repellent behavior of fabrics and the percentage of decrease of air permeability to control the change of hygienic comfort. Obtained results showed that the hydrophilic samples were transformed to water-oil repellent ones and some experimental conditions induce a high contact angle without affecting the air permeability.  相似文献